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Miscellaneous - 118 Main Street
}r z- If •� K" ? { h ^� ^ iwy aym vMWF � 1 M1� Z § f` a cZY - r S t i -W Moo a # k F: 1 , l: rr x' - t i 3. 0 i t _ I - - Y - �� 1 - J � fi } i Date. . . . f _ p'.40RT:��o T N OF NORTH ANDOVER PERMIT FOR PLUMBING SA US This certifies that . ... .�. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aas permission to perform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -, /} . . . . . . . . . . . -plumbing in the buildings of . . . . ..�:.�.�. 'r.-� ! �t North Andover, Mass. Fees*.-?rf . . . . .Lic. No� . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PdJMBING INSPECTOR Check # V r� 6555 [VIA' 5ACH4JSETTS UNIFORM APPLICATION FOR. `-� Q \ (Print or T pe) / , R PERMIT TO DO PLUMBING Mass. Date�J �` C� 20 !' Permit _ Building Loca ion �yrner' me pe of Occupancy New❑ Renovation ❑ Replacements Plans Submitted: Yes❑ No❑ FIXTURES B.P. # SEWER # SEPTIC #L.nP . z z z z t Y in >' O Q Ln Z j Ln (n Z N Q W C.1 H z W tY LI Oz . � m t=n U vi . Y to Z a Z a WW OLU = , w ¢ .t ¢ to Z O a . O-3 za a. za 0 W LL U SUB-BS m = o o g Z ° .f Q " O x w U D _ o ¢ � m p BASEMENT O 1ST.FLOOR 2ND FLOOR 3RD FLOOR 4TH FLOOR STH FLOOR 6TH FLOOR404 U 7TH FLOOR STH FL00 nstallin.g Company Name address Check one: Certificate 0 Corporation usiness Te1ephone2 ❑ I artnership ame of Licensed Plumber or Gas Fitter It Firm/Co. A INSURANCE COVERAGE: I have a current li biiity insurance policy or Its substantial equivalent, which meets the requirements o Ves 1@ No . ❑ f MGL Ch. 142. If you have checked Yes, please indicate the type of coverage by checking the appropriate box. 4 liability insurance policy Other type of Indemnity ❑ Bond ❑ OWNER'S INSURNACE WAIVER: I am aware that the licensee does not have the insurance coverage required by Chapter 42 of the Mass.General Laws, and that my signature on this erit pmalication waives this requirement. signature of Owner or Owner's Agent Check one: Owner ❑ Agent ❑ reby certify that all of the details and information I have submitted (or entered)In above•appilcation are true and accu knowledge and that all plumbing work and Installations performed u r the permit Issued for thi a plication will be in compliance with iertinent provisions of the Massachusetts State Plumbing Code and h rate to the best of to 42 of e G eral Law , By Title Sign re of Licensed Plum Er Ciry/Town APPROVED(OFFICE Type of License: UAlfster . O Journeyman License Number 1c 3 3 BELOW Ff)11 OMICE USE ONLY 4- FINAL FINAL INSPECTIONSFE! PROGRESS INSPECTIONS 1<KETCNE! NO. , APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO 00 PLUMBING NAME i TYPE OF RUILDINO LOCATION OF NUILOINO PLUMM MINT GRANTED GATE FLUMING INSPECTOR J Deems,.Maura From: Rosemary Riccio <RRiccio@firstrealtymgt.com> Sent: Monday, March 09, 2015 12:43 PM To: Deems, Maura Subject: CSufton Pond'Electrical-Permit-forp p atfo-n7 Attachments: UNited Compressor smith building proposal .PDF; Sutton Pond Letter Pump Repairs 2015-02-17. Importance: High Please see attached and below From: Rosemary Riccio Sent: Monday, March 02, 2015 6:23 PM To: 'gabrown@townofnorthandover.com' _ fiSu6ject 5utton_Pond_Electncal Perm_ f for pump station, Importance: High Gerald, we spoke some time back with regards to the pump station located at 146 Main Street(Stone Mill Realty). The pipes in th make the necessary repairs. Our first step was to have an electrician' (Joe's Electrical) review the needed work to get the heating system operational in that ar engage the services of-an Engineer.to review the plant before he would issue al electrical permit. Please see attached the report from the Engineer along with the proposal from United Compressor for these repairs. We are anxi. Thank You Rosemary Riccio, CMCA,AMS Property Manager First Realty Management Corp, AMO° 151 Tremont Street, PH, Boston, MA 02111 P: 617.423.7000 1 F: 617.423.6737 rriccio@firstrealtVmgt.com 1 http://www.firstrealtym�t com 1 1 pdf ,e pump shed froze and burst at the end of January and the Sutton Pond Condominium Association has been attempting to ea. He was subsequently turned away by the Electrical Inspector who required that Sutton Pond Condominium Association ous to move.forward with these repairs as soon as possible. Please advise as to how we can now proceed on this matter I i FS February 17,2015 104 YEA 5 - United Compressor and Pump Services,Inc. 13 Delaware Drive Salem,NH 03079 Attention: Chris Poliquin,Sales/Service Manager RE: Sutton Pond Granite Building Pump Chamber Repairs Dear Chris: Thank you for arranging to meet with me last week to view the condition of the existing pump chamber serving the Granite Building located at 146 Main Street in North Andover(Project). As we understand the Project,the existing pumps have been installed in accordance with the requirements of an Arbitration Settlement Agreement which requires that Sutton Pond Condominiums maintain the pumping system through April 2015. Because the shed was locked,Fall/Winter service,which includes starting the pump shed heater, was not performed this year, leading to freezing and pipe rupture. In order to return the pumping system to operational status we recommend that the following repairs/upgrades be completed: 1. Replace the existing cracked/broken schedule 40 PVC discharge piping and valves with schedule 80 PVC. 2. Install a new vent at the wetwell cover. This vent should extend through the shed roof to provide passive venting of the wetwell. 3. Provide electric power to the existing exhaust fan and timer located on the shed wall to ensure that adequate air-changes are provided within the shed. 4. Install a heater to maintain adequate temperature within the shed to prevent freezing of the pipes and valves. Please feel free to contact me at(508)591-4330 if you have any questions. Very truly yours, Fay,Spo & orn Kevin P.Klein,P.E.,Associate Copy To: Sutton Pond Condominium Association 146 Main Street,unit 3 FAY, SPOFFORD & THORNDIKE Hyannis,MA o26o1 T:5o8 815-2040 Offices in:Massachusetts,New Hampshire,Maine,Connecticut and New York T:Boo-835-8666 - www.fstinc.com ! I QUOTE United Compressor EZEM & Pump Services Inc. 211112015 0000037767 0000739 i Sutton Pond Condominiums Granite Building C/O First Realty Management CIO Sutton Pond Condominiums 151 Trement St. 148 Main Street Boston, MA 02111 North Andover MA e e NET 30 Chris P 1.00 PIPING PVC PIPE, FITTINGS, VALVES, ETC. Schedule 80 2,223.05 2,223.05 16.00 Labor 110.00 1,760.00 CALL 603-552-5885 or Visit us on the web @ www.unitedcompressor.com TOTAL $3,983.05 i WOW STARR Emily S.-Starr Pc Starr Vander Linden LLP Charles E.Vander Linden 625 Main Street VANDER LINDEN Laura Silver Traiger Fitchburg, 91420 tel 978-345-6-6 791 A T T O R N E Y S A T L A W Cynthia A.Brown fax 978-345-6935 Seven State Street Worcester,MA 01609 tel 508-754-8882 fax 508-754-3639 March 9,2015 Gerald Brown Building Department 1600 Osgood Street Building 2 - Suite 2-36 North Andover, MA 01845 RE: My Client: Sutton Pond Condominium Response to Complaint Dear Mr. Brown: Please be advised that I represent the Trustees of the Sutton Pond Condominium. The Trustees have worked hard for many years to ensure that the Sutton Pond property is in compliance with all applicable codes and regulations. On February 18, 2015,the Trustees received a copy of a document entitled Complaint for Investigation dated January 21, 2015 that had apparently been submitted to your office by Gregory Smith. When the Sutton Pond Condominium was created, a building that is now owned by the Trustees of the Stone Mill Realty Trust was separated from the Sutton Pond Condominium through the execution and recording of a long term lease. For the most part, the operation of the Sutton Pond Condominium and the Stone Mill building are separate. One of the few items for which there has been some shared responsibility is the sewage pump station located near the Stone Mill building. Mr. Smith's recent complaint focuses primarily on that facility. Sutton Pond believes that the allegations set forth in the recent Complaint are unfounded. Sutton Pond has responsibly addressed issues related to that facility for more than fifteen years. Sutton Pond has obtained proper permits and has worked with local officials when problems arose. Litigation filed by Stone Mill in 1999 resulted in a settlement agreement in 2003; further disputes resulted in multiple decisions issued by an arbitrator in 2005 and 2006. Sutton Pond believes that it is in compliance with all applicable permits and regulations. If you seek any additional information from the Sutton Pond Condominium or its management Gerald Brown Inspector of Buildings North Andover March 9, 2015 Page 2 company with regard to the facilities at Sutton Pond, please contact me or the property manager, Rosemary Riccio, First Realty Management, 617-423-7000. Thank you for giving this matter your attention. LCSincerels E. Vander Linden Writer's Direct Email: cvanderlindenAstarrvanderlinden.com CVLsjtF:4vllLnm Pwd2015-SmitM1-Pump lsvcsNMow Building Dcparnnw 03-03-2015.wpd cc: Sutton Pond Trustees Rosemary Riccio,First Realty Management PermitsElec4/13/2015 { Permit#,o, ,Closed Date Owner License Utility Fee 6433 2/6/2006 MAIN ST 148 14963A EJECT SYS/EXH/LIGHTING 125 13168 V '. 3/18/2015 MAIN ST 148 20056 EXHAUSE FAN /// HEATER 1251 W2912K4 MAIN—ST 148 38197, HEAT UMP oc 55 6/201 INS 358A ATE 5 �y 11373 1/22/2013 MAIN ST 148 20316A PUMP HOUSE///SUTTON POND 125 6 10800 ?RW,6Ef8,,,-,,-,--1 L 4/26/2012.MAIN ST 148 15650A PUMP EJECTOR 125 .1.1 /2011 AI T 14L8 .�. ,2`0771A FIRE,ALARM /BRADSTR BUQ. _ 125� 1 UL 11 11 MA ST 148N-,, 207 E RM EL/ TTS 125 ' CL 919/201 AIN 48 21073 TCHEN "''SUT L" 50 ' C 612 11 M ST 14 __ —11-4302'1 AMA .. R-FIRE_ 45 { i I Page 1 Commonwealth of Massachusetts Q1111cial Use 011IN .......... Department of Fire Services Perini, No. Occupancy and Fee Checked BOARD OF FIRE PREVENTION REGULATIONS [Rev. 9,05] (leave blank) APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO PERFORM ELECTRICAL WORE M[\%ork to be ilerfornied ill accordance�%itll the iklassachusetts Electrical Code(%IEC).527 C.MR 12.00 (PLE,-ISE PRIN T IN INK OR. TYPE,ILL LVF0 I f.4 TloN) Date: 2——4, --n Z 'City or Town of: lvarry _2z_1VeXP_- To !he h7yecj()j- ollvire,y.- ley this application the undersigned gives notice rhisorlicrinte— n iltioll to Perfoi-iii the electrical work described below. 0 Location(Street& Number)-- Owner or Tenant 11W Telephone No. Owner's Address Is this permit in conjunction with a building permit? Yes El No F1 (Check Appropriate Box) Purpose of Building Utility Authorization No. Existing Service Amps Volts Overhead ❑ Undgrd ❑ No.of Meters New Service Amps —Volts Overhead ❑ U.ndgrd ❑ No.of Meters Number of Feeders and Ampacity Location and Nature of Pro os ed Electrical Work: ' p 7- Conloletion of the ahle mav be iiwired by the 11 lspeL,t()j,v/•1• 1 0.01 of No.of Recessed Luminaires No.Of Ceil.-Susp.(Paddle)Fans Ti_�_- Total No.of Luminaire Outlets No.of Hot Tubs Transformers KVA Generators KVA No.of Lmninaires f Swimming Pool In- 1 0. 0 ''1111111111,10111111ACY ig Ing Md. rod. 11 - Rattea I — --:-jTiits No.of Receptacle Outlets No.of Oil Burners FIRE A Rer LARMS No. of Zones No.of Switches No.of Gas Burners No.of Detection and No.of Ranges No.of Air Cond. Total —Initiating Devices Tons No.of Alerting Devices No.of Waste Disposers Heat_Pump T—Ny!qber 1,011S .......... I 11�i'', 111 l�:: 11:11!11 ,11 r-Of 111:i 1,'11 11:�d Totals: ......................Lot 11 e ection/Alertilin4[y Devices No.of Dishwashers Space/Area Heating KW Municipal Local C' 0 Other Connection Connection Heating Appliances KW No.of Dryers :Hea:ti�ngAppliances KW ec�rity Systems-* No.of Water No.of Devices or Equivalent No.of "caters KW No. of Data Wiring: Si ns Ballasts No.of Devices or Equivalent [No.Hvdrornassaore Hathtt, No. 'of Motors Total VIP - 1" Y' ro- a'P bs 'Felecommunications Wiring: NO.of Devices or Equivalent OTH:ER: 11tuch addil Estimated Value of Electrical Work: '"'(1/ requiredhJ.-1he 0/ W/ (When required by municipal policy.) Work to Start: Inspections to be requester( in accordance with NIEC Rule 10, and Upon completion. INSURANCE COVERAGE: Unless waived by the owner, 110 permit for the performance of electrical work may iSSLIC Mile the licensee prov ides proof of liability insurance including"completed operation"cove,-,I!ze or its substantial equivalent. undersigned W-tifleS that SLICII CO �era"c is in i"01-ce, and has exhibited proof of saille to talc Pel-Illit iLSSUill"Office.. CHECK ONE: INSURANCE. I.)rf-jER 0 (Spccil�:) eerlqjnnder the Pains 111111pell"llies qfpqjury,Mal 111e h!fi)rnjjjtj()jj 01 fi....... fic(I true an'/complete FIRM NAME: _.. Quo Licensee: LIC. NO.:7V,16� 4� Signiature LIC' No .:— ill Ihe mie.) Address: 6) Bus.Tel. N & lt. Security System Conti-actor License required for this work; if applicable,enter the license IlUmbeAr hereTel. No.:: OWNER'S INSURANCE WAIVER: laill aware that tile Licensee(10(?S Wd 11411le the liability ilISLII',IIICC COVCI-,I(-e normally required by law. By 111Y signature below, I hereby waive this requirement. Owner/Agent 1111 the(check one)❑1:1 Owner ❑E] o-wrier'3 ageill Signature Tcicphoae No. F_E. S Date.3.-.5 ... d............. TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER o ==- � p PERMIT FOR WIRING l This -- than .........-- j�tT�c -/........... ,F L�py)'s has permission to P orm ........................ . .................. wiring in the building of.... .2S. . ... . �o ..S�' North Andover,Mass. {. ....................... � f 4.' - ............ I /S. LN0 (Pco Check # di 6435 QD q�q / COmmonweallA of li"/amachwetE3 Official Use Only c APepar nwid of ire g I' Tn t#3`I^_ J oceunancy and Foe Q RX e:: BOARD OF FIRE PREVENTION REGULATION',- ; tieivc bs..:,, i APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO PERFORM ELECTRICAL WORK All work to be performed in accordance with the Massachusetts Electrical Code(MEC),527 CMR 1100, (PLEASE PRINT IN INK OR + ` TYPEALL INFORAdTION), Date: City or Town of: &e To the Inspector of Wires: 1 By this application the undersigned gives notice of his or her intention to perform the electripal work descried below. Location(Street Number) -•-q ./S r �&S(,t)bd 14,16 ' ,� �i',9P !!)A-1!!)A-1134 Owner or Tenantt 'Telephone No.9 U-,; 76- Owner's Addressr `C � Is this permit in conjunction with a building permit? Yes ❑ NoJ4 (Check Appropriate Box) Purpc3seofBuilding`7�,ro l� 5'�IC'� PeaA10 Utility Authorization No, Existing Service Amps / Volts Overhead D Undgrd Of Nov of Met¢,as New Service Amps / Volts Overhead❑ Undgrd ❑ No.of Meters Number of Feeders and Ampacity �. Location and Nature of Proposed Electrical Work: Com :etion oft e Mowin to le may be waived by the Inspector of 13r3ms, No.of Recessed Luminaires No.of Ceii.-Susp.(Paddle)Eads No•of Total i Transformers K1111A ! N No,of Luminaire Outlets No:of Hot Tubs lGenerators ICDA j No.of Luminaires Swimming P710.o mer ool Above ❑ in- ❑ cge rgnting rnd. rnd• BatteryUnits N No,of Receptacle Outlets No.of Oil Burners FIRE ALARMS No.of Zones No,of Switches No,of Gas Burners No.of Defection and I Initiating Deyiees No.of Ranges No.of Air Cond. Ti ons No.of Alerting Devices No.of Waste Disposers Heat Pump Nu;nber Tons KW No,of Setf-Contained Detection/Alertin Devices No,of Dishwashers Space/Area Heating KW Local Municipal ❑ Connect1 n ❑ (Yther No.of Dryers Heating Appliances Iit'r' Securityyt,;;,;; No.of Water No.of No,of Devices or Equiv�I�- Heaters KW No.-of- Data Wiring; Signs Ballasts No.of Devices or Equivalent No.Hydromassage Bathtubs No. of Motors Total ISI' Telecommunications li'irin No,of Devices or E-uiv ent O�HEha i �1 ttacb additional detail if'desired or as required by the 7r�spnstnr�f t%'i Estimated Value of Electrical Work: _62Q?' (When required by municipal policy.) Work to Start�: S%pn I Inspections to be requested in accordance with MEC Rule 10,and upon completion. INSURANCE COVERAGE: Unless waived by the owner,no permit for the performance of ejectrical work may issue unless the licensee provides proof of liability insurance including"completed operation"coverage or its substantial equivalent. T'nv �. undersigned certifies that such coverage is in force,and has exhibited proof of same to the permit issuing ofnc:;, Q CHECK ONE: INSURANCE UPAh BOND ❑ OTHER 0 (Specify:) ' l certify, under the pains and !ties ofperjury,that the information on this application is true and complete. FIRMNAME; Aries Electrical Service and Controls IsI,C ;IC NO� p Licensee: Nor and Michaud Stgnatme 34594e (if applicable.enter"exempt"to the License number lined Address: 290 Broadway suite 117 Methuen ma 0134 Bus.Tel.No.: 978R7 05*4 *Per M.G.L.c. 147,s.57-61,security work requires Department of Public Safety"S"License: Alt LicT NeTe. o OWNER'S INSURANCE WAIVER: I am aware that the Licensee does not have the liability insurance coverage normally required by Taw. By my signature below,I hereby waive this requirement. I am the(check rine)❑owner Ll ovuner' 4e�t OwnerLAZP'.n Signature Teleuholie No. � ''�` • dZ 74 z _ .r as_: The Commonwealth of Massaehusetts Department oflndustrialAceidents Office of Investigations �' 600 Washington Street t _ Boston,Mass. 02111 www.massgov/dia Workers' Compensation Insurance Affidavit: Builders/Coag>raciors/IElectricians/P[uilat eers Applicant Information Please Print Legibly Name(Business/Organization/Individual):--•ARIES:IELECTRICAL SERVICE AND CONTROLS LLC Address: 290 -BRnAT)wA7 ST71TR 117 Ciiy/State/Zip:.1,11e -hue l„ia -01 ,944 Phone#: _ q 7 S 687, OS44 Are you an employer?Check the appropriate box: Type of project(required): 3_'1 I am an employer with 4.❑ I am a general contractor and 1 6.❑New construction employees(full and/or part time).* have hued the sub-contractors 2 11 i am a sole proprietor or partner- listed on the attached sheet. 7.0 Remodeling ship and have no c'r::rlryees These sub-contractors have 8.❑Demolition working for me in any capacity, employees and have workers' [No workers'comp,insurance comp.insurance.z 9. ❑Building addition required] 5.0 We are acorporation and its 0.1,Lklectrical repairs or additions 3.❑ I am a homeowner doing all work officers have exercised their myself [No workers'comp. right of exemption perm MGL 11.❑Plumbing repairs or additions insurance required]; c.152,§1(4),and we have no 12.❑Roof repairs employees.[no workers' 13.❑Other comp.insurance required.] *Any applicant that checks box#1 must also fill out the section below showing their workers'compensation policy inforgmation. tAomeownerswho submit this affidavit indicating they are doing all workand then hire outside contractors must submit anew affidavit indicating such. tContactors that check this box must attach an additional sheet showing the name ofthe sub-contractors and state whether or not those entities have employees. ii il�e sub contractors have employees they must provide their workers'comp.policy number. I am an employer that is providing workers'compensation insurancefor my employees Below u the policy and job site information. r Insurance Company Name: 17,411.,, ��•�_ 4 r&,- Policy#or Self-ins.Lie. 3 �Expiration Date: .;—ryO _ Job Site Address: Ci /State/Zi Attach a coley of the.workers'compensation policy declaration page(showing the policy number and expiration (date) Failure to secure coverage as required under Section 25a of MGL 152 can lead to the imposition of criminal penalties of a fin up to$1,500.00 and/or one year imprisonment as well as civil penalties in the form of a STOP WORK ORDER and a fine of $250.00 a day against violator.Be advised that a copy of this statement maybe forwarded to the Office of Investigations of th DIA for coverage verification. I do herby certify under the pains and penalties of perjury that the information provided above is true and correct. Signature: Date: Print Name: Normand Michaud Phone#. 978 687 0544 Official mse only Do not write in this area to be completed by city or town official City or Town: permithicense#: . Issuing Authority(circle one): 1.Roard of Heath 2. Building Department 3.CitylTown Cleric 4.;Electrical Inspector 5.,Plumbing Inspector 6.Other Contact person: Phone#• Date. ............... NORTH ' TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER PERMIT FOR WIRING 4L SACNUS This certifies that .... ?.....a�; .j ......................................................... has permission to perform �?. �. .....&n7:p... r wiring in the building of... ... .. ...... .... .... . . .. C-x.1 0 . ..... .. .... ....l ....K..I.... .............................. at..........I.. P......0 ..........a. LNorth A�dower,Mass. Fee.A.7,.C,5..'o.....Lic.NoA ......... ........e ELECMICZINSPECTOR LA, Check # -2, C i Commonwealth of Massachusetts Official Use Only Department of Fire Services Occupancy and Fee Checked BOARD OF FIRE PREVENTION REGULATIONS [Rev.1/071 (leave blank J APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO PERFORM ELECTRICAL WORK All work to be performed in accordance with the Massachusetts Electrical Code{MEC),527 CMR 12.00 (PLEASE PRINT IN)NK OR TYPE ALL.INFORMATION) Date: I,— RQ— doya"3 City or Town of NORTH ANDOVER To the.inspector of Wires: By this application the undersigned gives notice of his or her intention to perform the electrical work described below. Location(Street&Number) NIS 1-f 0 i�A Owner or Tenant j of O✓I oil Telephone No. VOwner's Address 1,4 a Ma ti 5t Is this'permit in conjunction with a building permit? Yes ❑ No Q (Check Appropriate Box) Purpose of Building,5ewm9 e p OnVJ3 O 0sc Utility Authorization No. ' Existing Service Amps / Volts Overhead❑ Undgrd❑ No.of Meters New Service Amps / Volts Overhead❑ Undgrd ❑ No.of Meters Number of Feeders and Ampacity Location and Nature of Prop ed Electrical Work: / 0 '2 " r Spare hea er- j- /I' glJ Q Completion of thefollowing table may be waived by the Inspector of Wires. (V No.of Recessed Luminaires No.of Cell.-Susp.(Paddle)Fans No.of Total Transformers KVA No.of Luminaire Outlets No.of Hot Tabs Generators KVA (� No.of Luminaires Swimming Poo! Above ❑ - ❑ o.o mergency ig ting %d. rnd. Batter Units No.of Receptacle Outlets No.of Oil Burners ME ALARMS No.of Zones No.of Swiitclies No.of Gas Burners No.of Detection and InitiatinLy Devices No.of Ranges No.of Air Cond. Total No.of Alerting Devices Tons g No.of Waste Disposers Heat Pump Number .Tons KVV No.of Self-Contained Totals: "'"'"""" Detection/Alerting Devices � No.of Dishwashers . Space/Area Heating KW Local❑ Municipal Connection 0 Other �i No.of Dryers Heating Appliances KW Security Systems:* No.of Devices or Equivalent No.of Water KW No.of No.of Data Wiring: I Heaters signs - Ballasts No.of Dvices or Equivalent No.Hydromassage Bathtubs No.of Motors J Total HP 0/ Telecommunications Wiring: % a No,of Devices or Equivalent OTHER: Attach additional detail if desired,or as required by the Inspector of Wires. Estimated'Value of Electrical Work: (When required by municipal policy.) Work to Start: i-Z- 10i3 Inspections to be requested in accordance with MEC Rule 10,and upon completion. INSURANCE COVERAGE: Unless waived by the owner,no permit for the performance of electrical work may issue unless the licensee provides proof of liability insurance including"completed operation"coverage or its substantial equivalent. The undersigned certifies that such coverage is in force,and has exhibited proof of same to the permit issuing office. CHECKONE: INSURA=NCE ® BON ❑ OTHER ❑ (Specify:) I certify,under the pains and penalties of perjury,that the information on this application is true and compdeta FIRM NAME: ,�1 aowem N£cEc'(721C LIC.NO.: aZ0311P 4 Licensee: i fl eho v Signature Q f LIC.NO.: 31p33© (If applicable,enter"exempt"in the license number line.) Bus.Tel.No.:603-340-R SC Address: 4a t<10ISSTBA) Q040 PLATS DW #Q.JY. OW&5 Alt.Tel.No.: :`Per M.G.f,c. 147,s.57-61,security work requires Department of Public Safety"S"License-: Lie.No. OWNER'S INSURANCE WAMER: I am aware that the Licensee does not have the liability insurance coverage normally 'required by law. By my signature below,I hereby waive this requirement. I am the(check one)❑owner ❑owner's agent. Owner/Agent ❑ 2012 Massachusetts Electrical Code Amendments 527 CMR 12.00§Rule 8: In accordance with the provisions of M.G.L.c.143,§3L,the permit application form to provide notice of installation of wiring shall be uniform throughout the Commonwealth,and applications shall be filed _ on the prescribed form.After a permit application has been accepted by an Inspector of Wires appointed pursuant to M.G.L c. 166,§32,an electrical permit shall be issued to the person, firm or corporation stated on the permit application. Such entity shall be responsible for the notification of completion of the work as required in M.G.L.c.143,§3L. Permits shall.be limited as to the time of ongoing construction activity,and may be deemed by the Inspector of Wires abandoned and invalid if he or she has determined that the authorized work has not commenced or has not progressed during the preceding 12-month period.Upon written application,an extension of time for completion of work shall be permitted for reasonable cause.A permit shall be terminated upon the written request of either the owner or the installing entity stated on the permit application. ❑ The Permit Extension Act was created by Section 173 of Chapter 240 of the Acts of 2010 and extended by Sections 74 and 75 of Chapter 238 of the Acts of 2012.The purpose of this act is to promote job growth and long-term economic recovery and the Permit Extension Act furthers this purpose by establishing an automatic four-year extension to certain permits and licenses concerning the use or development of real property.With limited exceptions,the Act automatically extends,for four years beyond its otherwise applicable expiration date,any permit or approval that was "in effect or existence"during the qualifying period beginning on August 15,2008 and extending through August 15,2012. ❑ Rule R—Permit/Date Closed: **Note:Reapply for new permit❑ ❑Permit Extension Act—Permit/Date Closed: Trench Inspection Pass 0 Failed M Re-Inspection Required($.) ❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: SERVICE INSPECTION: Pass Failed 0 Re-Inspection Required($.) ❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: PARTIAL ROUGH INSPECTION: Pass 0 Failed EN Re-Inspection Required($.) ❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: ROUGH INSPECTION: Pass R1 Failed Re-Inspection Required($.)❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: FINAL INSPECTION: Pass R Failed 0 Re-Inspection Required($.)❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: nnn rnrri The Commonwealth ofMassachusetts Department of Industrial Accidents Office of Investigations VV 600 Washington Street .Foston,MA 02111 www.massgov/dia Workers' Compensation insurance Affidavit:Builders/Contractors/Electricians/Plumbers Applicant information Please Print Legibly Name(Business/Organization/Individual): 11 i- k 3 d65�e) `��edr t Address: 1`11 r'1 +0 0 Vq0 C City/State/Zip: plot,.5fou) iJ,4038(05- Phone#: &0,3 -3 00 So Are you an employer?Check the appropriate box: Type of project(required): 1.❑ I am a employer with 4. ❑ I am a general contractor and I ` 6. F1 New construction employees(full and/or part-time).* have hired the sub-contractors 2.® 1 am a sole proprietor or partner- listed on the attached sheet.t 7. ❑Remodeling ship and'have no employees These sub-contractors have 8. ❑Demolition working for me in any capacity. workers' comp.insurance, g E]Building addition [No workers'comp.insurance 5. ❑ We are a corporation and its required.] officers have exercised their 10.9 Electrical repairs or additions 3.❑ I am a homeowner doing all work right of exemption per MGL 11.❑Plumbing repairs or additions myself.jNoworkers'comp. c. 152,§1(4),and we have no 12.[JRoofrepairs insurance required.]f employees.[No workers' comp.insurance required.] 13.1-i Other *Any applicant that checks box#1 must also fill outthe section below showing their workers'compensation policy information. T Homeowners who submit this affidavit indicating they a're doing all work and then hire outside contractors must submit anew affidavit indicating such. (Contractors that check this box must attached an additional sheet showing the name of the sub-contractors and their workers'camp,policy information. I am an employer that is providing workers'compensation insurance for my employees Below is the policy and joh site information. Insurance Company Name:. Policy#or Self-ins.Lic.#: Expiration Date: Job Site Address: City/State/Zip: Attach a copy of the workers'compensation policy declaration page(showing the policy number and expiration date). Failure to secure coverage as requiredunder Section 25A of MGL o. 152 can lead to the imposition of criminal penalties of a fine up to$1,500.00 and/or one=year imprisonment,as well as civil penalties in the form of a STOP WORK ORDER and a fine of up to$250.00 a day against the violator. Be advised that a copy of this statement maybe forwarded to the Office of Investigations of the DIA for insurance coverage verification. I do hereby cer fy n the ins an altie f perj that the information provided above is true and correct. - signafore: Date: as- aol Phone#: 60 - vao- D. SO Official use only. Do not write in this area,to he completed by city or town official City or Town: Permit/License# Issuing Authority(circle one): 1.Board of Health 2.Building Department 3.City/Town Clerk 4.Electrical Inspector 5.Plumbing Inspector 6.Other - - - Contact Person: Phone#• Informatioo. and Instructions Massachusetts General Laws chapter 152 requires all employers to provide workers'compensation for their employees. Pursuant to this statute,an employee is defined as"...every person in the service of another under any contract of hire,• express or implied,oral or written." An employer is defined as"an individual,partnership,association,corporation or other legal entity,or any two or more of the foregoing engaged in a joint enterprise,and including the legal representatives of a deceased employer,or the receiver or trustee of an individual,partnership,association or other legal entity,employing employees. However the owner of a dwelling house having not more than three apartments and who resides therein,or the occupant of the dwelling house of another who employs persons to do maintenance,construction or repair work on such dwelling house or on the grounds or building appurtenant thereto shall not because of such employment be deemed to be an employes." MGL chapter 152,§25C(6)also states that"every state or local licensing agency shall withhold the issuance or renewal of a license or permit to operate a business or to construct buildings in the commonwealth for any applicant who has not produced.acceptable evidence of compliance with the insurance coverage required." Additionally,MGL chapter 152,§25C(7)states"Neither the commonwealth nor any of its political subdivisions shall enter into any contract for the performance ofpublic work until acceptable evidence of compliance with the insurance requirements of this chapter have been presented to the contracting authority." Applicants Please fill out the workers'compensation affidavit completely,by checking the boxes that apply to your situation and,if necessary,supply sub-contractor(s)name(s),address(es)and phone number(s)along with their certificate(s)of insurance. Limited Liability Companies(LLC)or Limited Liability Partnerships(LLP)with no employees other than the members or partners,are not required to carry workers' compensation insurance. If an LLC or LLP does have employees,a policy is required. Be advised that this affidavit may be submitted to the Department of Industrial Accidents for confnmation of insurance coverage. Also be sure to sign and date the affidavit. The affidavit should be returned to the city or town that the application for the permit or license is being requested,not the Department of Industrial Accidents. Should you have any questions regarding the law or if you are required to obtain a workers' compensation policy,please call the Department at the number listed below. Self-insured companies should enter their self-insurance license number on the appropriate line. City or Town Officials Please be sure that the affidavit is complete and printed legibly. The Department has provided a space at the bottom of the affidavit for you to fill out in the event the Office of Investigations has to contact you regarding the applicant. Please be sure to fill in the permit/license number which will be used as a reference number. In addition,an applicant that must submit multiple permit/license applications in any given year,need only submit one affidavit indicating current policy information(if necessary)and under"Job Site Address"the applicant should write"all locations in (city or town)."A copy of the affidavit that has been officially stamped or marked by the city or town may be provided to the applicant as proof that a valid affidavit is on file for future permits or licenses. A new affidavit must be filled out each year.'Where a home owner or citizen is obtaining a license or permit not related to any business or commercial venture (i.e.a dog license or permit to bum leaves etc.)said person is NOT required to complete this affidavit. The Office of Investigations would like to thank you in advance for your cooperation and should you have any questions, please do not hesitate to give us a call. The Department's address,telephone and fax number: The Commonwealtl ofMI'machusetts Department ofzndustrial.Accidents (?Eike offayestigations 600 Washington,Street Boston,NIA 0211.t Tel,#61.7-7274900 ext 406 or 1.-877,N1•.ASSAFB Revised 5-26-05 Fax 0 617-727-7749 www..wass,gov/dia •r--rte � c.y Date . .I. t3. . . . TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER PERMIT FOR WIRING ,x es that. cer�ifi perform 1 U1A�10� :"_`� !�,e,�,�l�� �" ":��•S� �►. pernnssion to p in the building of . _!� -�- •'• �"�--•(}�tiv*-�.`�?�:I�.t3�.�:-. gm� t f . . . . . . . . . . , Andover,Mass. ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR Zeck# 2Q�� . 11373 Date . .. � TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER PERMIT FOR WIRING ,certifies that . . • • t �{�i�'��`�,.,�,,� S�'r�",�''• permission to perform mg in the building of t rtAndover,lVlass. J75 Lic. ELECTRICALINSPECTOR Teck#�_d��' 11373 Official Use o ly Commonwealth of Massachusetts DeOrtment of Fire Services Permit Nn. cy and Fee Checked �M BOARD OF FIRE PREVENTION REGULATIONS [Rev 1/071Occupancy (leave blank APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO PERFORM ELECTRICAL WORK All work to be performed in accordance with the Massachusetts Electrical Code(NM 527 CMR 12.00 (PLEASE PRINTINNKOR TYPEALL INFORMATION) Date: City or Town of: NORTH ANDOVER To the Inspecto of es: By this application the undersigned gives notice of his or her intention to perform the electrical work described below. Location(Street&Number) MOwner or Tenant 1���,,�� ,�f "-'Cj ( Telephone No. Owner's Address Is this,permit in conjunction with a building permit? Yes ❑ �o ❑ (Check Appropriate Box) Purpose of Building Utility Authorization No. - Existing Service Amps / Volts Overhead❑ Undgrd❑ No.of Meters New Service Amps / Volts Overhead❑ Undgrd ❑ No.ofMeters Number of Feeders and Ampacity Location and Nature of Proposed Electrical/Work: �, f D ��� / F.4N c, �• E�! (xi i—ItC,ty;ctfiC U v c` -Fe-A-1— G F c rl o V4j e, c,.,)(4? 4�G•oa� Completion of the following table may be waived by the Inspector of Wires. FNo. of Recessed Luminaires No.of Ceil.-Susp.(Paddle)fans No.of Total Transformers KVA of Luminaire Outlets No.of Hot Tubs Generators KVA o:of Luminaires Swimming Pool Above ❑ In- ❑ o.o mergency ig ting rnd. grud. BatteKy Units No.of Receptdcle'Outlets No.of Oil Burners FIRE ALARMS No.of Zones No.'oi Switches No.of Gas BurnersNo.ifnD#inti DeviII es No.of Ranges No.of Air Cond. Total No.of Alerting Devices Tons g No.of Waste Disposers HeatPump Number Tons KW No.of SEntained Totals: Detectiortin Devices No.of Dishwashers Space/Area Heating KW Local❑ icipal ❑ Other nection No.of Dryers Heating Appliances KW Security Systems:* No.of Devices or Equivalent FNo.ofter No.of No.ofeaters KW Data Wiring: Si ns. Ballasts No.of Devices ox E uivalent omassage Bathtubs No.of Motors� Total HI' Telecommunications Wiring: No.ofDevicesor E uivalent Attach additional detail if desired,or as required by the Inspector of Wires. Estimated'Value of Electrical Work: (When required by municipal policy.) ,Work to Start: Inspections to be requested in accordance with AMC Rule 10,and upon completion. INSURANCE COVERAGE: Unless waived by the owner,no permit for the performance of electrical work may issue unless the licensee provides proof of liability insurance including"completed operation"coverage or its substantial equivalent. The undersigned certifies that such coverage is in force,and has exhibited proof of same to the permit issuing office. (�V CHECK ONE: INSURA=NCE ❑ BOND ❑ OTBER ❑ (Specify:) oX cert j&,under the pains and penaltie perjury,that the information on this application is true and compieta FIRM NAME: . •e '� �IxLLc, Q LIC.NO.: 5(Q Licensee: UK xQU( Signature LIC.NO.: (If applicable,enter " empt"in the icense nu tuber line.) Bus.Tel.No.: . 7 �7 Address: G \ //1/ t�}6V�O t 7�Li Alt.Tel.No.: 01-Ig- ;2 q *Per M.G.L c. 147,s.57-61,security work requires Department of Public Safety"S"License: Lic.No. OWNER'S INSURANCE WAIVER: I am aware that the Licensee does not have the liability insurance coverage normally required by law. By my.signature below,I hereby waive this requirement. I am the(check one)❑owner ❑owner's agent. Owner/Agent Signature Telephone No. .PP TFEE. $ ❑ 2012 Massachusetts Electrical Code Amendments 527 CMR 12.00§Rule S: In accordance with the provisions of M.G.L.c.143,§3L,the permit application form to provide notice of installation of wiring shall be uniform throughout the Commonwealth,and applications shall be filed on the prescribed form:After a permit application has been accepted by an Inspector of Wires appointed pursuant to M.G.L c. 166,§ 32,an electrical permit shall be issued to the person, firm or corporation stated on the permit application. Such entity shall be responsible for the notification of completion of the work as required in M.G.L.c.143,§3L. Permits shall.be limited as to the time of ongoing construction activity,and may be deemed by the Inspector of Wires abandoned and invalid if he or she has determined that the authorized work has not commenced or has not progressed during the preceding 12-month period.Upon written application,an extension of time for completion of work shall be permitted for reasonable cause.A permit shall be terminated upon the written request of either the owner or the installing entity stated on the permit application. ❑ The Permit Extension Act was created by Section 173 of Chapter 240 of the Acts of 2010 and extended by Sections 74 and 75 of Chapter 238 of the Acts of 2012.The purpose of this act is to promote job growth and long-term economic recovery and the Permit Extension Act furthers this purpose by establishing an automatic four-year extension to certain permits and licenses concerning the use or development of real property.With limited exceptions,the Act automatically extends,for four years beyond its otherwise applicable expiration date,any permit or approval that was "in effect or existence"during the qualifying period beginning on August 15,2008 and extending through August 15,2012. ❑ Rule 8—Permit/Date Closed: **Note:Reapply for new permit ❑ ❑Permit Extension Act—Permit/Date Closed: (Trench Inspection Pass 0 Failed 0 Re-Inspection Required($.)❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: SERVICE INSPECTION: Pass Failed Re-Inspection Required($.) ❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: PARTIAL ROUGH INSPECTION: Pass 0 Failed 0 Re-Inspection Required($.)❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Dater ROUGH INSPECTION: Pass EN Failed Re-Inspection Required($.) ❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: FINAL INSPECTION: Pass E Failed Re-Inspection Required($.)❑ Inspectors Comments: Inspectors Signature: Date: DEB WEINHOLD ...TOWN OF MERRIMAC,MA. .......dweinhold@townofinerrimac.com :a The Commonwealth of Massachusetts h W Department of IndustrialAccidents d 1 Congress Street,Suite 100 Boston,MA 02114-2017 www.mass.gov/dia Workers'Compensation Insurance Affidavit:Builders/Contractors/Electricians/Plumbers. TO BE FILED WITH TBE PERMITTING AUTHORITY. Applicant Information Please Print Le ibl 1 Name (Business/Organization/Individual): Address:_ City/State/Zip: V. �j�/a) � ,� o c?phone#: 7T Are you an employer?Check the appropriate box: Type Of project(required): 1.f�jq-am a employer with employees(full and/or part-time).* 'J, ❑New construction 2.❑I am a sole proprietor or partnership and have no employees Working for me in 8. ❑Remodeling any capacity.[No workers'comp.insurance required.] 3. I am a homeowner doin all work m self. 9. ❑Demolition ❑ g y [No workers'comp.insurance required.] ❑4.❑I am a homeowner and will be hiring contractors to conduct all work on my property. I will 10 Building addition ensure that all contractors either have workers'compensation insurance or are sole 11.❑Electrical repairs or additions proprietors with no employees. 12.E]Plumbing repairs or additions 5.F]I am a general contractor and I have hired the sub-contractors listed on the attached sheet. 13.❑Roof repairs These sub-contractors have employees and have workers'comp.insurance.t 6.❑We are a corporation and its officers have exercised their right of exemption per MGL c. 14.❑Other 152,§1(4),and we have no employees.[No workers'comp.insurance required.] *Any applicant that checks box#1 must also fill out the section below showing their workers'compensation policy information. t Homeowners who submit this affidavit indicating they are doing all work and then hire outside contractors must submit a new affidavit indicating such. #Contractors that check this box must attached an additional sheet showing the name of the sub-contractors and state whether or not those entities have employees. If the sub-contractors have employees,they must provide their woikers'comp.policy number. I am an employer that is providing workers'compensation insurance for my employees. Beloiv is the policy and job site information. Insurance Company Name: Policy#or Self-ins.Lie.#: Expiration Date: Job Site Address: 10 / 14 1 City/State/Zip: //f-/'4y6 Attach a copy of the workers'compensation policy declaration page(showing the policy number and expiration date). Failure to secure coverage as required under MGL c. 152,§25A is a criminal violation punishable by a fine up to$1,500.00 and/or one-year imprisonment,as well as civil penalties in the form of a STOP WORK ORDER and a fine of up to$250.00 a day against the violator.A copy of this statement may be forwarded to the Office of Investigations of the DIA for insurance _coverage verification. Io hereby certify and the pains and enalties of perjury that the information provided above is true and correct. Si nature: Date. — oO►S Phone#: Official use only. Do not write in this area,to be completed by city or town official City or Town: Permit/License# Issuing Authority(circle one): 1.Board of Health 2.Building Department 3.City/Town Clerk 4.Electrical Inspector 5.Plumbing Inspector 6.Other Contact Person: ; Phone#• �AyOMMONWEALTH OF MASSI4CHUSET ��+ -` _�;>s_::.::';>�;` ;''� ;- - t- ISSUES THE FOLLOW I fCG L:1 CENSE 'I ;JOURNEYMAN .:.fLECTRI,'C1,41a. ELKHOUW : t N`=`=l1NDOVER_> 'kA.."01845-16&i ` -01M.. 13.1,.'>>b: =->; _ 39270 .:. 5 : t OMMONWEALTH OF N► • • ssAtHtl3 - -> I ANS SUES THE .FOLL-OWING1'CENS AS Rf _i. T _#tED MASTER..ELECTR:�C I:A,N ELKHOURY x2 _ 4 i= Nn_O--rV-`.E`v R_._._>_::�_-- 01845-16-i 00561 6= ===t<;•:::.f: 392 71 -; FS�'T February 17,2015 � �_ .pp�t� United Compressor and Pump Services,Inc. 13 Delaware Drive Salem,NII 03079 Attention: Chris Poliquin,Sales/Service.Manager RE: Sutton Pond Granite Building Pump Chamber Repairs Dear Chris: Thank you for arranging to meet with me last week to view the condition of the existing pump chamber serving the Granite Building located at 146 Main Street in North Andover(Project). As we understand the Project,the existing.pumps have been installed in accordance with the requirements of an Arbitration Settlement Agreement which requires that Sutton Pond Condominiums maintain the pumping system through April 2015. Because the shed was locked,Fall/Winter service,which includes starting the pump shed heater, was not performed this year, leading to freezing andpipe rupture. In order to return the pumping system to operational status we recommend that the following repairs/upgrades be completed:- 1. ompleted:1. Replace the existing cracked/broken schedule 40 PVC discharge piping and valves with.schedule 80 PVC: 2.. Install a new vent at the wetwell cover. This vent should extend through the shed roof to provide passive venting of the wetwell. 3. Provide electric power to the existing exhaust fan.and timer located on the shed wall to ensure that adequate airmchanges are provided within the shed. i 4. Install a heater to maintain adequate temperature within the shed to prevent freezing of the pipes and valves. Please feel free to contact me at(508)591-4330 If you have any questions. Very truly yours, Fay,Spo. & orn. !i i Kevin P.Klein,P.E.,Associate Copy To: Sutton.Pond Condominium Association s46:Main Street,Unita FAY, SPOFFORD& THORNDIKE Hyannis,MA o26o1 T:5o8 815-2040 !' Offices in:Massachusetts,New Hampshire,Maine,Connecticut and New York T:860-835-8666 - www.fstinc.com i e f r ' Date... .�................ powrN 1 cr ��`•~°om TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER PERMIT FOR WIRING' �•,..o••.try 'BsgCHUS� This certifies that 1/%. ..' r. t'., ?f::'{ :�a/ `. / �+ ............................ j has permission to perform-C �>C� ...........s...t... ,... ......, �!(..... .a.........„....R. .................... wiring in the building of........ 7, . 4, , ;.................. . .................. at ....1...'` �17`Yv�3 - �........ orth Andover,Mass. Fee,, cr�. ............Lic. No—ova 4 ............ . . ;. .. l GJ� ELECT CAL IN CTOR heck# JJ 131 !' r' Date...�`:;!.::.. /�J NTN TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER o * . PERMIT FOR WIRING ,gsAClRlS� . Th1S CCr13f1eS that {... .: `�t� 1�3�'?„tr C?,r.b f ', %.......................... .... has permission to perform !.:'::'.`........ r` c .I .,: 4 .jj..........r........ wiring in the building of......... ...... ...................................................................” � / -! at . .-'. �`..=.. }r� `s.:................................ orth Andover,Mass. Fez ,/C?-!) . Lic.Noy: `'�``� !rt JP. ... 'r� . . �ALIN TOR heck# c�f 131r t � Date .............. ................. i �poarM, o =~°off TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER * PERMIT FOR WIRING + -. • This certifies that` /�:.( j.. l�ct"- 1 � ....................f............. r ! �� ; .... ..1..................... ......... p k %1`f r N, - 1 v 7 has ermission to perform .. ..:........... i c.. wiring in the building of........ ............................................ ............. at orth Andover,Mass. Fee./ ,.?:...........Lic. f. ,�-� 41e,� j �Y ELECT CAL IN CT0R _ Check# ✓! 131 FAY,SPOFFORDÞDIKE 5 Burlington Woods, Burlington, MA 01803 FST Tel (781)221-1000 Fax(781)229-1115 ��100 4EA4 Memorandum To: Sutton Pond Condominium Trust c/o Cheryl Piper, First Realty Management From: Jeffrey Cota, FST (Electrical) Alain Haddad, FST (HVAC) Date: April 1, 2015 Subject: North Andover—Sutton Pond Sewage Ejector Pump House March 25, 2015 Electrical Site Visit Observations and Recommendations At the request of First Realty Management, a Fay,Spofford &Thorndike Electrical Engineer performed a site visit on March 25, 2015 to view the existing sewage ejector pump house that serves the Granite Building located at 148 Main St, North Andover, MA.The purpose of the visit was to review the existing electrical installation of equipment in the pump house and provide recommendations. This assignment and memo only addresses electrical observations and requirements. FST did not perform any review of the pumps or wetwell. Electrical Observations 1. The existing pumping station structure is equipped with the following electrical items: a. Duplex pump controller(in NEMA 3R enclosure)with submersible cables for the pumps and floats. b. Pump controller alarm horn & light with Test/Silence pushbutton (in NEMA 311 enclosure) mounted above pump controller. c. Unfused enclosed molded case switch (in NEMA 311 enclosure) rated for 60A, 240V(used as the service disconnect for the pump controller). d. 125V, 20A duplex GFCI receptacle with weatherproof while-in-use cover. It appears the receptacle power source is derived by tapping the 120/240V branch circuit serving the pump controller. 2. The pump controller is fed from an existing Granite Building 120/240V load center(marked "House Panel)via a 20amp; 2-pole circuit breaker.The branch circuit to the pump controller is a 3W&ground circuit ((2) phases, neutral &ground). The wiring size could not be determined. It was also observed the existing Granite Building 120/240V load center has(7) spaces available for additional circuit breakers. 3. There was no lighting(for pump maintenance) inside the pumping station structure. 4. The existing exhaust fan was not connected to a branch power circuit. 5. There was no remote alarm light on the outside of the pumping station structure. 6. There was no electric unit heater inside the pumping station structure. P:\Quin\JN-100 N.Andover\March 2015 Pump Station MEP Inspection\2015-03-31 JN-100 Site Visit&Recommendations Memo.docx Page 2 of 2 Electrical Recommendations 1. Provide pump controller remote alarm light on outside of structure and wire to the pump controller. 2. Provide light fixture and switch inside the pumping station structure for maintenance. Connect the light fixture and switch to a new 120V, 20 Amp branch circuit from the Granite Building 120/240V load center("House Panel"). Provide local branch circuit disconnecting means per Article 225 of the National Electrical Code. 3. Disconnect the existing GFCI receptacle from pump controller branch circuit. Connect the receptacle to same 120V, 20amp branch circuit used for the maintenance light fixture (Refer to Electrical Recommendation Item 2). 4. Provide electric unit heater and thermostat inside the pumping station structure (Refer to HVAC Recommendations Item 3). Connect the electric unit heater to a new 120V, 20 Amp branch circuit from the Granite Building 120/240V load center("House Panel"). Provide local branch circuit disconnecting means per Article 225 of the National Electrical Code. 5. Connect the exhaust fan (Refer to HVAC Recommendation Item 2)to the same 120V, 20amp branch circuit used for the electric unit heater(Refer to Electrical Recommendation Item 4). Provide lockable motor thermal switch for the exhaust fan.The exhaust fan should be run continuously, and will have no timer or thermostat control. 6. Provide a grounding electrode system in accordance with Article 250.32 of the National Electrical Code.This is required when multiple circuits are brought to a building or structure. Provide driven ground rod (minimum size 5/8" x 8' long)with#6 grounding electrode conductor. The equipment grounding conductors (run with the branch circuits serving the pumping station structure)shall connect to the grounding electrode conductor. HVAC Observations 1. The existing pumping station structure is equipped with a through wall exhaust fan with shutter that is currently disconnected from a power source.The exhaust fan is a Dayton Model 1HLA1 with a 1/25HP, 115V motor. The fan is rated to provide 265 cfm of air at a 0.125" of external static. 2. There was no electric unit heater inside the pumping station structure. HVAC Recommendations 1. In accordance with NFPA 820,the structure that is on top of the pumps would be considered the dry side of a pumping station. To maintain current NEMA rating of the existing equipment the space would be required to be ventilated continuously at 6 air changes per hour. Based on the structure dimensions, 25 cfm of air would be required to maintain 6 ac/hr. 2. Although,the existing fan is more than sufficient to provide the required airflow,the structure would require 7.5 KW of electric heat to offset the ventilation and structures heat loss. Therefore, it is recommended that the fan be removed and replaced. Due to unavailability of a fan with a capacity as low as 25 cfm, a 50 CFM fan, similar to Fantec Model FR100, should be installed. The fan shall run continuously to meet the requirements of NFPA 820. 3. An electric unit heater sized to offset the ventilation air and heat loss through the structure shall be provided. The unit heater shall be 1500 watts, 120V similar to Qmark model CZ1512T wall heater with surface mounting frame and integral thermostat. P:\Quin\JN-100 N.Andover\March 2015 Pump Station MEP Inspection\2015-03-31 JN-100 Site Visit&Recommendations Memo.docx FAY,SPOFFORDÞDH(E 5 Burlington Woods, Burlington, MA 01803 Tel (781)221-1000 Fax(781)229-1115 100 '4 Memorandum To: Sutton Pond Condominium Trust c/o Cheryl Piper, First Realty Management From: Jeffrey Cota, FST (Electrical) Alain Haddad, FST (HVAC) Date: April 1, 2015 Subject: North Andover—Sutton Pond Sewage Ejector Pump House March 25, 2015 Electrical Site Visit Observations and Recommendations At the request of First Realty Management,a Fay,Spofford &Thorndike Electrical Engineer performed a site visit on March 25, 2015 to view the existing sewage ejector pump house that serves the Granite Building located at 148 Main St, North Andover, MA.The purpose of the visit was to review the existing electrical installation of equipment in the pump house and provide recommendations. This assignment and memo only addresses electrical observations and requirements. FST did not perform any review of the pumps or wetwell. Electrical Observations 1. The existing pumping station structure is equipped with the following electrical items: a. Duplex pump controller(in NEMA 313 enclosure) with submersible cables for the pumps and floats. b. Pump controller alarm horn & light with Test/Silence pushbutton (in NEMA 311 enclosure) mounted above pump controller. c. Unfused enclosed molded case switch (in NEMA 311 enclosure) rated for 60A, 240V(used as the service disconnect for the pump controller). d. 125V, 20A duplex GFCI receptacle with weatherproof while-in-use cover. It appears the receptacle power source is derived by tapping the 120/240V branch circuit serving the pump controller. 2. The pump controller is fed d from an existing Granite Building 120/240V load center(marked "House Panel)via a 20amp; 2-pole circuit breaker.The branch circuit to the pump controller is a 3W&ground circuit((2) phases, neutral &ground). The wiring size could not be determined. It was also observed the existing Granite Building 120/240V load center has(7)spaces available for additional circuit breakers. 3. There was no lighting (for pump maintenance) inside the pumping station structure. 4. The existing exhaust fan was not connected to a branch power circuit. 5. There was no remote alarm light on the outside of the pumping station structure. 6. There was no electric unit heater inside the pumping station structure. P:\Quin\JN-100 N.Andover\March 2015 Pump Station MEP Inspection\2015-03-31 JN-100 Site Visit&Recommendations Memo.docx Page 2 of 2 Electrical Recommendations 1. Provide pump controller remote alarm light on outside of structure and wire to the pump controller. 2. Provide light fixture and switch inside the pumping station structure for maintenance. Connect the light fixture and switch to a new 120V, 20 Amp branch circuit from the Granite Building 120/240V load center("House Panel"). Provide local branch circuit disconnecting means per Article 225 of the National Electrical Code. 3. Disconnect the existing GFCI receptacle from pump controller branch circuit. Connect the receptacle to same 120V, 20amp branch circuit used for the maintenance light fixture (Refer to Electrical Recommendation Item 2). 4. Provide electric unit heater and thermostat inside the pumping station structure (Refer to HVAC Recommendations Item 3). Connect the electric unit heater to a new 120V, 20 Amp branch circuit from the Granite Building 120/240V load center("House Panel"). Provide local branch circuit disconnecting means per Article 225 of the National Electrical Code. 5. Connect the exhaust fan (Refer to HVAC Recommendation Item 2)to the same 120V, 20amp branch circuit used for the electric unit heater(Refer to Electrical Recommendation Item 4). Provide lockable motor thermal switch for the exhaust fan.The exhaust fan should be run continuously, and will have no timer or thermostat control. 6. Provide a grounding electrode system in accordance with Article 250.32 of the National Electrical Code. This is required when multiple circuits are brought to a building or structure. Provide driven ground rod (minimum size 5/8"x 8' long)with#6 grounding electrode conductor. The equipment grounding conductors(run with the branch circuits serving the pumping station structure)shall connect to the grounding electrode conductor. HVAC Observations 1. The existing pumping station structure is equipped with a through wall exhaust fan with shutter that is currently disconnected from a power source.The exhaust fan is a Dayton Model 1HLA1 with a 1/25HP, 115V motor. The fan is rated to provide 265 cfm of air at a 0.125" of external static. 2. There was no electric unit heater inside the pumping station structure. HVAC Recommendations 1. In accordance with NFPA 820,the structure that is on top of the pumps would be considered the dry side of a pumping station. To maintain current NEMA rating of the existing equipment the space would be required to be ventilated continuously at 6 air changes per hour. Based on the structure dimensions, 25 cfm of air would be required to maintain 6 ac/hr. 2. Although,the existing fan is more than sufficient to provide the required airflow,the structure would require 7.5 KW of electric heat to offset the ventilation and structures heat loss. Therefore, it is recommended that the fan be removed and replaced. Due to unavailability of a fan with a capacity as low as 25 cfm, a 50 CFM fan, similar to Fantec Model FR100, should be installed. The fan shall run continuously to meet the requirements of NFPA 820. 3. An electric unit heater sized to offset the ventilation air and heat loss through the structure shall be provided. The unit heater shall be 1500 watts, 120V similar to Qmark model CZ1512T wall heater with surface mounting frame and integral thermostat. P:\Quin\JN-100 N.Andover\March 2015 Pump Station MEP Inspection\2015-03-31 JN-100 Site Visit&Recommendations Memo.docx Murphy, Peter From: Murphy, Peter Sent: Tuesday, April 14, 2015 12:02 PM To: 'cpiper@firstrealtymgt.com' Cc: Kfoury, Eric Subject: Sutton Pond Questions Attachments: 201504141121.pdf Hi Cheryl, After a review of the Sutton Pond ejector pump house engineering report from FST, I have issues that needs to be clarified,What is the Explosion proof classification of the shed pump house and the matter outlined on the pdf file enclosed above. Thank You, Peter Town of North Andover Electrical Inspector Peter Murphy 1 Murphy, Peter From: Cheryl Piper <cpiper@firstrealtymgt.com> Sent: Friday,April 10, 2015 11:30 AM To: Murphy, Peter; Kfoury, Eric Cc: cvanderlinden@starrvanderlinden.com; Bob Livingston;Tracy Nicholson; sthomas@starrvanderlinden.com Subject: Sutton Pond Condo Trust - Shed pump repairs Attachments: 2015-04-01 JN-100 Sutton Pond Electrical Memo.pdf Hi Peter, Attached is the electrical engineering report from FST in regards to the work the electrical contractor will be performing. I do have the electrical contractor schedule to start his work next Wednesday,April 15`h. He will need two to three days to complete his work. United Compressor will complete the repairs of the pipes the following day. Regards, Cheryl Piper Cheryl Piper I Director of Marketing First Realty Management 151 Tremont Street Boston,MA 02111 P 617.423.7000 1 D 617.259.3809 cpiper@firstrealtvmgt.com lwww.firstrealtymgt.com 1 PermitsElec 4/13/2015 Permit# Closed Date Owner License utility Fee 6433 2/6/2006 MAIN ST 148 14963A EJECT SYS/EXH/LIGHTING 125 13168 3/18/2015 MAIN ST 148 20056 EXHAUSE FAN /// HEATER 125 12390 5/29/2014 MAIN ST 148 38197 HEAT PUMP 55 11683 6/26/2013 MAIN ST 148 18358A H/WATER TANK 55 11373 1/22/2013 MAIN ST 148 20316A PUMP HOUSE///SUTTON POND 125 10800 CL 4/26/2012 MAIN ST 148 15650A PUMP EJECTOR 125 10452 RULE 8 11/7/2011 MAIN ST 148 20771A FIRE ALARM/BRADSTREET BUD. 12511 10451 RULE 8 11/7/2011 MAIN ST 148 20771A FIRE ALARM PANEL/ABBOTT ST 125 10282 CL 9/9/2011 IMAIN ST 148 21073 IKITCHEN SUTTON PL 50 10272 CL 9/6/2011 MAIN ST 148 14302 MASTER FIRE BOX 45 Page 1 [ Designing NFPA 820 Compliant Monitoring Systems , for Wastewater Pumping Stations or lritillsommonli NFPA 820 Overview Ventilation to ■ NFPA 72 is a 350-page standard that deals with fire alarm systems and puts forth many NFPA 820 Fire Protection in Wastewater Treatment eclassify Areas (or Reduc requirements of the supervised signaling and Collection Facilities the Classification) circuits. Some requirements: ■ •.'.=max?:°c�!'�"t`.:?���',". First edition in 1990 ■ The entire system(panels and remote was a recommended I" Common practice is to provide ventilation to either y p t " unclassify or reduce the classification of areas. components)must have two sources of power. practice. Allows use of more generic products;for example,a Thus the main panel is often furnished with a .,� ■ Since 1995,each N; "regular"motor rather than an explosion- battery backup. revised edition is proof motor. now a"standard" ■ Each signal circuit must be monitored for its Tip:NFPA 820 requires that the integrity.This is more complex than the t vp'ical T 9 ■ Most recent edition i"I NO or NC circuits that water&wastewater (2012)is over 60 �: "� ventilation air flow be monitored; s;" $c . em=,vim; facilities typically have.This requires(unusual ' pages long,includes g� ito/in ust the OWO�tus for us)end-of-line dropping resistors to be ! + mon 10 Chapters&Annexes. of fan is ,eatable;some installed at the tail end of each signal circuit. ■ Authors'Observations: Many :r;.;;:" - sort of trueflowmomtormg device facilities are only partially _ },t required—these range from simple upervised Signaling Circuits compliant with NFPA 820; (paddle switches)to complex(thermal Some Practical Issues specifically,the monitoring system dispersion). is often NON-COMPLIANT. upervised signal circuits are designed for fire alarm Ventilation must be monitored by a specialized applications,which are often quite large.NFPA 820 Classifying Areas as supervised signaling system as per NFPA 820. water&wastewater applications are often smaller, lope but some suitable systems are available. Electrically Hazardous m Stl The fire alarm vendors describe supervised signaling Following chapters give guidance in classifyi GD) circuit using a much different dialect than ours. electrically hazardous areas,and reduci NFPA 820 requires certain areas to be monitored for Initially,from dialect alone,it is difficult to adopt classification by ventilating: combustible gas.But many users opine that CGD these systems to NFPA water and wastewater ■ Chapter 4:Collection Systems units are problematic;several installation types; applications. Some typical terms include: ■ Chapter 5: Liquid Stream ent namely, _ ■ Initiating device circuits. Processes ■ CGD unit located in an ■ Standard notification appliances. easy-access classified ■ Chapter 6:Solids Tr ent Proc = ■ End-of-line resistors rea,such as a room;only There are potential" rise"cl s that can uires simple integral But,after reviewing catalogue information& cause substantial& ensive ign involving ling system. ' J. discussions with vendors,such circuits can be facility layouts,control pane ion,specifying ■ nit mounted remotely from a classified incorporated into a typical water&wastewater explosion-proof equipment ifying intrinsically aor example,wetwell. Requires a sampling design that is NFPA 820 compliant safe control circuits,seal co etc. s ;including pump,tubing and moisture ■ Become familiar with tandard.Try not to (moisture a real problem,and can render Typical Example,Wastewater be"surprised": Examp clude: CGD unit ineffective.) Lift Stations ■ In the Southeast,there a ten no Primary GD unit mounted integral in a hard-to-access Two wastewater lift stations have been designed& f Clarifiers upstream of Aeration Basins.Such classified area;for example,wet well.Some commissioned with supervised signal circuits that Aeriation Basins are classified.(surprise!) units are flanged mounted inside the wet well. are NFPA 820 compliant.A third is in the bid phase l ■ Depending on the unit process,process Difficult to calibrate. right now. It too is NFPA 820 compliant,but differs engineers might consider certain slud ■ CGD must also be monitored by a specialized a bit from the other two in that it uses a i innocuous. But related sludge basins supervised signaling system as per NFPA 820/ more sophisticated supervised facilities may indeed be classified.(s e!) NFPA 72. signaling network. Strobe ■ For a structure to be passively uncia it must have at least 50%open space. Ided Supervised Signaling structure with one open side is not i tly Circuits—What are they? WARN oK unclassified.)(surprise!) NFPA 820 requires monitoring certain conditions a LEL A EN and alarms. Furthermore,the monitoring stem must be a supervised TYPICAL :SYSTEM p WARNING; OK WASTE AdER ;lit.' �- signaling circuit as per NFPA LIGHT; Pl11M'P TATION 72,National Fire Alarm& Signaling Code. xL r ALARM PANEL WARNING STROBE LIGHTS (BATTERY BACKUP) EXTERIOR OF BUILDING AND INTERIOR WORK AREA t�T-'f -•.,,I Q a General Notes: TYPICAL ALARM CIRCUIT p All devices I7 VENTILATION,AIRFLOW, powered from LEUventilation SMOKE,LEL and alarm panel,thus these are on battery ° .. backup ' i PANEL ILDI - Win. VE�7 LtAPlO p :E_YdERIOR �w:3i"A1nitSx, ,13N•LASSIFIES .I ,.. , ._�. i r fir•+"�� . THE PUMP ®p ® END OF LINE ? RESiSTORISUPERVISEOCIRCUly) i PermitsElec 4/13/2015 Permit#,p Closed Date Owner License utility Fee 6433 V 2/6/2006 MAIN ST 148 14963A EJECT SYS/EXH/LIGHTING 125 13168 ' 3/18/2015 MAIN ST 148 20056 EXHAUSE FAN /// HEATER 125 12390 5/29/2014 MAIN ST 148 38197 HEAT PUMP 55 11683 A Lp 6/26/2013 MAIN ST 148 18358A H/WATER TANK 55 11373 1/22/2013 MAIN ST 148 20316A PUMP HOUSE///SUTTON POND 125 10800 VfCL 4/26/2012 MAIN ST 148 15650A PUMP EJECTOR 125.') 10452 IRULE 8 11/7/2011 MAIN ST 148 20771A FIRE ALARM/BRADSTREET BUD. 125 10451 IRULE 8 11/7/2011 MAIN ST 148 20771A FIRE ALARM PANEL/ABBOTT ST 125 10282 ICL 9/9/2011 MAIN ST 148 21073 lKITCHEN .... SUTTON PL 50 10272 ICL 9/6/2011 MAINST 148 14302 IMASTER FIRE BOX 45 y,. 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One Batterymarch Park Quincy,Massachusetts 02269 IMPORTANT NOTICE ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT NFPA codes and standards, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a consensus stan- dards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus on fire and other safety issues. While the NFPA admin- isters the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate,or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its codes and standards. The NFPA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication,use of, or reliance on this document. 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(For further explanation, see the Policy Concerning the Adoption, Printing, and Publication of NFPA Documents, which is available upon request from the NFPA.) 820-1 Copyright©1999 NFPA,All Rights Reserved NFPA 820 Standard for Fire Protection in Wastewater Treatment and Collection Facilities 1999 Edition This edition of NFPA 820, Standard for Fire Protection in Wastewater Treatment,and Collection Facilities, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Wastewater Treatment Plants and acted on by the National Fire Protection Association,Inc.,at its May Meeting held May 17-20, 1999,in Baltimore,MD.It was issued by the Standards Council on July 22,1999,with an effec- tive date of August 13, 1999,and supersedes all previous editions. This edition of NFPA 820 was approved as an American National Standard on August 13, 1999. Origin and Development of NFPA 820 The Committee on Wastewater Treatment Plants was organized in 1983 to have primary responsibility for documents on safeguarding against die fire and explosion hazards specific to wastewater treatment plants and associated collection systems.This document includes the hazard classification of specific areas and processes.The need to develop NFPA 820 was based on fire or explosion incidents that,while infrequent,are relatively severe when they do occur. Initial work on the document was begun early in 1985 and resulted in the first edition being issued in 1990.Extensive changes were made between the first edition and die 1992 edition, with the most notable revision being die document tide, which was changed from Recom- me?zded Practice forFire Protection in Wastewater Trealmenl Plants to Recommended Practice for Fire Pro- lection in. Wastewater Treatment and Collection Facilities. In addition, the document scope was revised to include storm sewer systems and their appurtenances. In 1995 the document was changed from a recommended practice to a standard,which contains mandatory requirements.This was done because NFPA 820 was widely referenced by various jurisdictions. The 1999 edition of NFPA 820 was changed to include some editorial corrections and to make the document more enforceable. The definitions were also modified to conform to NFPA's Manual of Style. 820-2 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Technical Committee on Wastewater Treatment Plants Garr M.Jones,Chair Brown and Caldwell,CA[SE] Alphonse A.Abadir,U.S.Dept.of Labor(OSHA),DC[L] James Retzloff,The Viking Corp.,MI[M] Rep.Sporting Arms&Ammunition Mfrs.Inst.,Inc. Rep.Nat'l Fire Sprinkler Assn. John R.Anderson,Marshfield,MA[SE] Joseph P.Sheahan,Metro Water Reclamation District of Alonza W.Ballard,Crouse-Hinds,NY[M] Greater Chicago,IL[U] Rep.Nat'l Electrical Mfrs.Assn. Rep.Assn.of Metropolitan Sewerage Agencies Richard D.Gottwald,Society of the Plastics Industry,DC Edward Sikora,Nat'l Clay Pipe Inst.,WI [M] [M] Dao T.Ton,Metropolitan Waste Control Commission,MN John N.Harrell,Wilson&Co.Engr&Architects,MO[SE] [U] Gary Hewitt,The Gorman-Rupp Co.,OH[M] James F.Wheeler,U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, Rep.Water&Wastewater Equipment Mfrs.Assn.,Inc. DC [E] Alternates Josiah W.Beakley,American Concrete Pipe Assn.,TY[M] Ralph S.Thomas,Metropolitan Waste Control Commis- (Vot.Alt.to ACPA) sion,MN[U] Mark Kreinbihl,The Gorman-Rupp Co.,OH [M] (Alt.to D.T.Ton) (Alt.to G.Hewitt) Richard P.Bielen,NFPA Staff Liaison This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the text of this edition.Since that lime, changes in the,membership may have occurred.A key to classifications is found at the back of this document. NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or any document developed by the committee on which the member serves. Committee Scope:This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on criteria for safe- guarding against the fire and explosion hazards specific to wastewater treatment plants and associated col- lection systems,including the hazard classification of specific areas and processes. 1999 Edition CONTENTS 820-3 Contents Chapter Introduction.. ... .......... .... .. . . 820- 4 7-2 Installation . . . ...... . .... .. .... . ... . . 820-38 1-1 Scope .. .. ... .. .. .... ......... .. . . ... 820- 4 7-3 Ventilation Criteria . . ...... .... . ....... 820-38 1-2 Purpose . .... ............. .... . . ..... 820- 4 1-3 Application . .... ........ . ..... ..... .. . 820- 4 Chapter 8 Administrative Controls.... .. .. . .... . 820-40 1-4 Metric Units of Measurement .. ..... .. .. . 820- 5 8-1 General .. . . .. .. ..... ... .. . .... . . .... 820-40 1-5 Definitions ... .... ......... ...... .. ... 820- 5 8-2 Management Policy and Direction . .. .... 820-40 8-3 Fire Risk Evaluation . .......... .. .... . . 820-40 Chapter 2 Collection Systems.. ........ .. .. .. .. 820- 9 8-4 Fire Prevention Program ....... .. ..... . 820-40 2-1 General . .. ... .. ......... .... .. .... . .. 820- 9 8-5 Water-Based Fire Protection Systems ..... 820-40 2-2 Design and Construction ........... . . ... 820- 9 8-6 Other Fire Protection and Detection Systems . . . . . ............ .. .. .. . . .... 820-40 Chapter 3 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes . .. 820-17 8-7 Impairments ...... ......... .... . ..... 820-40 3-1 General . ... .... ..... .............. .. . 820-17 8-8 Fire Emergency Plan ........ .. .. .... .. 820-40 3-2 Design and Construction ...... ....... ... 820-17 8-9 Fire Brigades .. . . .... ...... ... . . .... .. 820-40 8-10 Polychlorinated Biphenyls .... .. .. . . .... 820-40 Chapter 4 Solids Treatment Processes .... .. .. .. 820-26 8-11 Fire and Explosion Prevention .. .... .. .. 820-41 4-1 General .... ...... ............. .. .... . 820-26 4-2 Design and Construction ....... .. .. .. .. . 820-26 Chapter 9 Referenced Publications .. . .. .. . . .... 820-41 Chapter 5 Fire and Explosion Prevention and Appendix A Explanatory Material......... .. .... 820-42 Protection.. .. .. . .......... .... ..... 820-34 5-1 Scope ....... .... .... ......... .. ..... 820-34 Appendix B Wastewater Treatment Processes .... 820-51 5-2 Fire Protection Measures ........ . . ..... 820-34 5-3 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems . . ..... . 820-35 Appendix C Selection of Collection 54 Combustible Gas Detection .. .. .. . ..... . 820-35 System Materials ...... . . . . .... .... 820-53 5-5 Ventilation Monitoring and Signaling Systems . .. . .... ........ ..... . ..... . . . 820-35 Appendix D Chemical and Fuel Fire/Explosion 5-6 Laboratories ................ . . ..... .. . 820-35 Hazards820-54 ............... .... . . .... 5-7 Special Fire Protection Measures .... .. .. . 820-35 Appendix E List of Associations and Chapter 6 Materials of Construction.... ........ 820-36 Abbreviations ......... ... .. . . ... . 820-58 6-1 General .. .... .... ......... ...... .. ... 820-36 6-2 Materials Selection ........ . .... . . .. .. . 820-36 Appendix F Referenced Publications . .. . . ...... 820-59 6-3 Applications ................. .. .. .... . 820-36 Appendix G Informational Publications . .... .... 820-59 Chapter 7 Ventilation ... .. ........... .. .. .. .. 820-37 7-1 General . .. . .... ..... ... ..... . . .. .. ... 820-37 Index ..... .. ... .. .. .. .. . .. ....... . . . .... .... 820-60 1999 Edition i 820-4 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES NFPA 820 fire prevention and fire protection requirements described in this document. Standard for 1-2 Purpose. Fire Protection in Wastewater Treatment 1-2.1 General. The purpose of this standard is to provide a and Collection Facilities reasonable degree of fire and explosion protection for life, property,continuity of mission,and protection of the environ- ment.The intent of this standard is to reduce or eliminate the 1999 Edition effects of fire or explosion by maintaining structural integrity, controlling flame spread and smoke generation, preventing NOTICE: An asterisk(*)following the number or letter des- the release of toxic products of combustion,and maintaining ignating a paragraph indicates that explanatory material on serviceability and operation of the facility. the paragraph can be found in Appendix A. hrformation on referenced publications can be found in 1-2.2 Toxicity and Biological Hazards. This standard shall Chapter 9 and Appendix F. apply to the fire and explosion hazards of various substances associated with wastewater treatment and conveyance. This Chapter 1 Introduction standard shall not apply to toxicity and biological hazards. 1-1 Scope. CAUTION It is recognized that,from a personnel safety standpoint, 1-1.1 General. toxicity and biological hazards can be present in life- 1-1.1.1* This standard pro-ides minimum requirements for threatening concentrations while no threat of fire or ex- protection against fire and explosion hazards in wastewater plosion exists. treatment plants and associated collection systems,including 1-2.3 Ventilation Practices. Ventilation rates required by this the hazard classification of specific areas and processes. standard are intended to minimize fire and explosion hazards, 1-1.1.2 This standard shall apply to the following: which could be insufficient to protect personnel from expo- (1) Collection sewers sure to toxic and biological hazards. i (2) Trunk sewers 1-2.4 Materials Selection. The fire risk evaluation shall include (3) Intercepting sewers evaluation of flame spread,smoke generation,and the impact (4) Combined sewers that a fire or explosion will have on the structural integrity of the (5) Storm sewers facility when conditions or applications warrant the selection of (6) Pumping stations combustible,limited-combustible,orlowflarne spread materials. (7) Wastewater treatment plants (8) Sludge-handling facilities CAUTION (9) Chemical-handling facilities Since man of the corrosion-resistant materials and (10)Treatment facilities y (11)Ancillary structures (see deT�zition in Section 1-5) coatings are combustible or limited-combustible and could represent a considerable fuel load during fire 1-1.1.3 This standard shall not apply to the following: events,the design and fire risk evaluation shall consider (1) Collection,treatment, or disposal of industrial wastes or any additional hazards imposed by the use of these ma- manufactured by-products that are treated on-site and terials. not discharged to a publicly or privately operated munic- 1-3 Application. ipal facility (2) On-site treatment systems (see definition in Section.1-5) 1-3.1* New Installations. The requirements of this standard (3) Pressure sewer systems(see dernition of Sewer,Pressure in Sec- shall apply to new installations. When additions or modifica- tion.1-5) tions are made to existing facilities, the modifications shall (4) Building drain systems and appurtenances (see definition reflect the requirements of this document. In any event, the in Section.1-5) requirements of this standard shall be used by owners in a risk (5) Industrial sewer systems and appurtenances (see definition assessment to identify the areas of a treatment plant that are of Server,Industrial in.Section 1-5) vulnerable to fire or other loss. (6) Personnel safety from toxic and hazardous materials or 1-3.2 Document Organization. This document is divided into products of combustion 9 chapters. Chapters 1,5,6, 7, 8,and 9 shall apply generally. (7) Separate nonprocess-related structures (see definition in. Chapters 2,3,and 4 shall apply to specific processes and func- Section 1-5) tions. The appendixes provide explanatory information. 1-1.2 Alternative Methods. Nothing in this standard shall Appendix A provides explanatory information that is tied to prevent or discourage the use of alternative methods,materi- paragraphs in Chapters 1 through 8.Appendix B provides a als,practices, or devices,provided technical data are submit- general overview and layout of the unit processes found at a ted to the authority having jurisdiction to demonstrate drat typical wastewater treatment plant,although the arrangement the alternative method,material,practice,or device is equiva- of the unit processes varies from plant to plant. lent to or superior to the requirements of this standard. 1-3.3* National Electrical Code®Criteria. This standard is based 1-1.3 Fire Risk Evaluation. A fire risk evaluation shall be initi- on the criteria established by Article 500 of NFPA 70, National ated early in the facility design or alteration to integrate the Electrical Code°, but is not intended to supersede or to conflict 1999 Edition INTRODUCTION 820-5 with the requirements therein. Once an area is properly classi- Combustible Gas Detector. A device used to detect the fied,NFPA 70 specifies the types of equipment and the wiring presence of flammable vapors and gases and to warn when methods that are required. concentrations in air approach the explosive range. 1-4 Metric Units of Measurement. Metric units of measure- Combustible Liquid.` A liquid having a flash point at or ment used within this standard are in accordance with the above 100°F(37.8°C). modernized metric system known as the International System Combustible or Explosive Dust. A dust capable of sponta- of Units (SI). Values of measurement are followed by an neous combustion or of exploding or burning when subjected approximate equivalent value in SI units. For metric conver- to a source of ignition. sion practices,see ANSI/IEEE 268,Metric Practices. Compost. The product of thermophilic biological oxida- 1-5 Definitions. tion of sludge or other organic materials. Activated Carbon. Adsorptive carbon particles or granules Digester Gas. See definition of Sludge Gas. usually obtained by heating carbonaceous material in the Dissolved Air Flotation. A separation process in which air absence of air or in steam and possessing a high capacity to bubbles emerging from a supersaturated solution become selectively remove trace and soluble components from solution. attached to suspended solids in the liquid undergoing treat- Activated Sludge. A microbial mass grown in aeration ment and float to the surface. tanks,subsequently separated from treated wastewater by sed- Domestic Wastewater. Wastewater derived principally from imentation,and wasted or returned to the process as needed. dwellings, commercial establishments, institutions, and so Adjacent. Sharing a common wall,partition,or barrier. forth, that could or could not contain small amounts of Advanced (Tertiary) Wastewater Treatment. Any,physical, groundwater,surface water,or storm water. chemical,or biological treatment process used to accomplish Dry Well. That portion of a pumping station designed to a degree of treatment greater than that achieved by secondary provide isolation and shelter or accommodations for controls treatment. (See also definition.of Secondaty lei/astewatn-Treatmen.t.) or equipment associated with pumping of wastewater. Dry Anaerobic Digestion. A unit process designed to biologi- wells are designed to completely and permanently exclude wastewater or wastewater-derived atmospheres. Dry wells can call} convert organic matter (sludge) through the action of contain accidental leakage of wastewater from shaft seals or microorganisms in the absence of elemental oxygen. Process occasional spills.A dry well could contain equipment such as by-products include a gas containing methane, carbon diox- pumps, motors, fans, wiring, controls, lights and associated ide, and small quantities of hydrogen sulfide. The digestion wiringmotdevices,and other accessories. tank can have a fixed or floating roof system. Drying Beds. Confined, underdrained, shallow layers of Anaerobic Waste Treatment. A unit process providing sand or gravel structures on which digested sludge is distrib- treatment of the liquid stream by action of microorganisms in uted for draining and air drying. Also applied to underd- the absence of elemental oxygen.Process by-products include rained, shallow, diked earthen structures used for drying a gas containing methane, carbon dioxide,and small quanti- sludge. ties of hydrogen sulfide. Enclosed Space. The interior of any tank or unit process Ancillary Structure. integral part of the wastewater treat- men eat- that is closed to the atmosphere,excluding vents or pressure mens or collection process. relief, or the area around any open tank or unit process sur- Approved.* Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. rounded by a building or other structure constructed with a Authority Having jurisdiction.* The organization,office,or roof and solid walls. individual responsible for approving equipment,materials,an Equipment. A general term, including material, fittings, installation,or a procedure. devices,appliances,fixtures, apparatus,and so forth, used as Belt Filter. A sludge-dewatering or -concentrating device part of,or in connection with,a mechanical,instrumentation, having continuous bands or belts of filtering media that pass or electrical installation. around rollers and from which the material caught on the Equipment Enclosure. The housing that covers, protects, media is usually removed by gravity and pressure. or guards a piece of equipment and is not intended for per- Building. A structure used or intended for supporting or sonnel occupancy, but can provide for access to the equip- sheltering any use or occupancy. Personnel could occupy mens. buildings continuously or intermittently. Explosionproof Apparatus. Apparatus enclosed in a case Building Drain. In plumbing, the part of the lowest Kori- that is capable of withstanding an explosion of a specified gas zontal piping of a drainage system that receives the discharge or vapor that may occur within it and capable of preventing the ignition of a specified gas or vapor surrounding the enclo- from soil,waste, and other drainage pipes inside the walls of sure by sparks,flashes,or explosion of the gas or vapor within, the building and conveys it to the building sewer (house con- and that operates at such an external temperature that a sur- rounding flammable atmosphere will not be ignited thereby. Centrifuge. A mechanical device in which centrifugal force Explosive Limits. The minimum concentration of a gas—air is used to separate solids from liquids or to separate liquids of or vapor—air mixture that supports flame,if ignited,is known different densities. as the lower explosive limit(LEL) and the maximum concen- Combustible. Any material that does not complywidi the def- tration of a gas—air or vapor—air mixture that, if ignited,sup- initions of either noncombustible material or limited-combuslible ports flame is known as the upper explosive limit (UEL). material. Above the UEL and below the LEL,ignition cannot take place. 1999 Edition 820-6 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES (These values might change in oxygen-enriched atmo- tems, water, wastewater, sludge piping, electrical wiring, and spheres.) mechanical or electrical equipment. Filter (Pressure or Gravity). A device used to pass liquid Gas-Handling Equipment. Equipment, including gas com- through a medium to remove suspended solids. pressors,sediment traps,drip traps,gas scrubbers,and pressure- regulating and control valves,used in the removal of gas evolved Filter Press. A unit process,using a plate and frame press, that is operated hydraulically and mechanically to produce a from the anaerobic digestion process and the compression,con- semisolid sludge cake from a slurry. ditioning, or treatment of this gas. Gas-handling equipment does not include equipment or devices for the utilization of the Fire Barrier. A continuous vertical or horizontal mem- gas,such as boilers,engines,and waste gas burners. brane, such as a wall or floor assembly, that is designed and Grit Chamber. A detention chamber or an enlargement of constructed with a specified fire resistance rating to limit the a sewer designed to reduce the velocity of flow of the liquid to spread of fire and that also will restrict the movement of permit the separation of mineral from organic solids by differ- smoke.Such barriers might have protected openings. ential sedimentation. Fire Loading. The amount of combustibles present in a Hazardous (Classified) Location. Locations are classified given area,expressed in Btu/ft`' (kJ/m2). depending on the properties of the flammable vapors,liquids, Fire Prevention. Measures directed toward avoiding the or gases,or combustible dusts or fibers that might be present inception of fire. and the likelihood that a flammable or combustible concen- tration or quantity is present. Each room, section, or area is Fire Protection. Methods of providing for fire control or considered individually in determining its classification. fire extinguishment. Hazardous Waste. Any waste that is potentially damaging to Fire Resistance Rating. The time,in minutes or hours,that the environment or human health because of toxicity,ignitibility, materials or assemblies have withstood a fire exposure as corrosivity,chemical reactivity,or other reason. established in accordance with the test procedures of NFPA 251, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Con— struction and Materials.This definition applies to the materials high temperature,time,and pressure to improve the dewater- used in the construction of buildings but does not apply to fur- ability of organic sludge. nishings or the contents of buildings or to the fire hazard eval- Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S). A toxic and lethal gas produced uation of materials. in sewers and digesters by anaerobic decomposition of waste- Fire-Rated Penetration Seal. An opening in a fire barrier water solids or other anaerobic wastewater or sludge treatment for the passage of pipe,cable,duct,and so forth,that has been Processes. sealed so as to maintain a barrier rating. Identified. As applied to equipment, recognizable as suit- Flammable Liquid." A Class I liquid having a flash point able for the specific purpose, function, use, environment, below 100°F37.8°C and havinga vapor application,and so forth,where described in a particular code ( ) Por pressure not exceed- requirement. (See definition ofEquipinent.) ing 40 psia(2068 mm Hg) at 100°F(37.8°C). Imhoff Tank. A deep,two-story wastewater treatment tank, Flash Dryer. A device for vaporizing water from partly dewy consisting of an upper continuous-flow sedimentation cham- tered and finely divided sludge through contact with a current of ber and a lower sludge digestion chamber.The upper chain- hot gas or superheated vapor that includes a squirrel-cage mill for ber floor slopes steep]),to trapped slots through which solids separating the sludge cake into fine particles. can slide into the lower chamber.The lower chamber receives Flash Mixer. A device for quickly dispersing chemicals uni- no fresh wastewater directly but is provided with gas vents and formly throughout a liquid or semisolid. with means for drawing digested sludge from near the bottom. Flocculator. A unit process for the formation of' floc in Incineration. Combustion or controlled burning of volatile wastewater. organic matter in sludge and solid waste that reduces the vol- ume of the material while producing heat,dry inorganic ash, Fluidized Bed Reactor. A pressure vessel or tank that is and gaseous emissions. designed for liquid—solid or gas—solid reactions;the liquid or gas moves upward through the solids'particles at a velocity sufficient Industrial Waste. Generally liquid,solid,or gaseous wastes to suspend the individual particles in the fluid. Applications originating from the manufacture of specific products. Such include ionexchange, granular-activated carbon adsorbers, and wastes are usually more concentrated, are more variable in some types of furnaces,kilns,and biological contactors. content and rate, and require more extensive or different Force Main (Pressure Main). A pressure pipe connecting treatment than municipal waste. the pump discharge of a wastewater pumping station under Inspection. A visual examination of a system or portion pressure to a point of discharge. thereof to verify that it appears to be in operating condition and is free of physical damage. Fuel Gases.' Any gas used as a fuel source,including natu- ral gas, manufactured gas, sludge gas, liquefied petroleum Intrinsically Safe. Equipment and tiering that are not capa- gas—air mixtures,liquefied petroleum gas in the vapor phase, ble of releasing sufficient electrical or thermal energy under and mixtures of these gases. normal or abnormal conditions to cause ignition of a specific flammable or combustible atmospheric mixture in its most Galleries. Long tunnels or walkways connecting separate easily ignitible concentration. Abnormal conditions include buildings or structures. Galleries are generally underground, accidental damage to any field-installed wiring,failure of elec- without windows,and with limited entrances and exits.Galleries trical components,application of overvoltage,adjustment and frequently contain gas or other hazardous material transport sys- maintenance operations, and other similar conditions. (See 1999 Edition INTRODUCTION 820-7 ANSI/ISA RP 12.67, Installation of Intrinsically Safe Instrument Nonenclosed. Any tank or unit process open to die atmo- Systeins in Class 1 Hazardous Locations.) sphere or the area around any open tank or unit process housed Labeled. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a in a building or other structure constructed with a roof and hav- label,symbol,or other identifying mark of an organization that is ing at least 50 percent of the wall area open to the atmosphere. acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with Fixed open louvered panels with effective openings greater dhan product evaluation,that maintains periodic inspection of produc- 50 percent of the wall area and evenly distributed over the wall tion of labeled equipment or materials,and by whose labeling the area are considered open to the atmosphere. manufacturer indicates compliance with appropriate standards or On-Site Treatment System. A self-contained system,includ- performance in a specified manner. ing pumping equipment, that provides both treatment and Limited-Combustible Material. A building construction mate- disposal of wastewater on or immediately adjacent to a single rial notcomplyingwidh the definition of noncombustible material residence or group of residences or small commercial estab- that,in the form in which it is used,has a potential heat value not lishments. exceeding 3500 Btu/lb(8141 kJ/kg),where tested in accordance Oxygen-Enriched Atmosphere. Any atmosphere with an with NFPA 259, Standard 7�st Method for Potential Heat of Building oxygen concentration greater than ambient by volume at nor- Materials, and complies with (a) or (b): (a) Materials having a mal atmospheric pressure. structural base of noncombustible material with a surfacing not exceeding a thickness of 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) that has a flame spread Ozonation. The process of contacting wastewater or air index not greater than 50; and (b) Materials, in the form and with ozone for the purpose of disinfection,oxidation,or odor thickness used,other than as described in (a),having neither a control. flame spread index greater than 25 nor evidence of continued Physically Separated. A gastight partidon between two adja- progressive combustion and of such composition that surfaces cent spaces,or two nonadjacent spaces,with no means of gas that would be exposed by cutting through the material on any communication between the spaces. Personnel entry to the plane would have neither a flame spread index greater than 25 separate spaces is by individual, grade-level exterior access nor evidence of continued progressive combustion.Materials sub- ports with no physical connection between the two. ject to increase in combustibility orflarne spread index beyond the Primary Wastewater Treatment. The first major treatment limits herein established through the effects of age,moisture,or other atmospheric condition shall be considered combustible. in a wastewater treatment plant,generally consisting of one or more of the following unit processes:screening,comminution Listed.* Equipment, materials, or services included in a list or grinding,grit removal,sedimentation,and skimming. published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products Pumping Station. A structure that contains pumps and or services,that maintains periodic inspection of production of appurtenant piping,valves,and other mechanical and electi- listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services, cal equipment for pumping wastewater or other liquid. Also and whose listing states that either the equipment,material,or called lift station. service meets appropriate designated standards or has been Pyrolysis. The destructive distillation of organic corn- tested and found suitable for a specified purpose. pounds in an oxygen-free environment that converts the Low Flame Spread. A material with a flame spread rating of organic matter into gases,liquids,and char. 25 or less when classified in accordance with NFPA 255, Stan- Residential Wastewater. Wastewater derived from areas dard Method of Test of Suhface Burning Characteristics of Building consisting of single-and multiple-family residences. Materials. Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC). A unit process for Maintenance. Work performed to keep equipment opera- wastewater treatment that is composed of large,closely spaced ble or to make repairs. plastic discs that are rotated about a horizontal shaft (usually Maintenance Hole. A structure atop an opening in a gravity a secondary biological treatment process). sewer,or an opening in the top or side of an enclosed vessel to Screening Chamber. A chamber or enlargement of a sewer permit personnel entry.Also referred to as manhole or manway. where large suspended or floating solids or material is Methane (CH4). A colorless, odorless, flammable gaseous removed from raw wastewater by a screen. hydrocarbon present in natural gas and formed by the anaer- Scum or Skimmings. Grease,solids,liquids,and other float- obic decomposition of organic matter. (See also definition of able material removed from setting tanks. Anaerobic Digestion..) Nitrification Tank. A unit process for the oxidation of ammo- Secondary Wastewater Treatment. Wastewater treatment nia and nitrogen into nitrates through biochemical actions. unit processes usually consisting of primary treatment and bio- logical oxidation using activated sludge or trickling filtration Noncombustible Material. A material that in the form in followed by clarification. which it is used and under the conditions anticipated will not Sedimentation. The unit process of subsidence of sus- aid combustion or add appreciable heat to an ambient fire. Materials,when tested in accordance with ASTM E 136, Stan- Pended matter carried by water,wastewater, or other liquids lard Test Method for Behavior of Materials in.a Vertical Tube Furnace by gravity. It is usually accomplished by reducing the velocity es i nded material. Also called enhanced by settling, t can at 750°C(1382°7),and conforming to the criteria contained in pthe liquid below the point which ican transport the sus- Chapter 7 of the referenced standard,shall be considered as tion. noncombustible.This definition applies to the materials used chemical addition,coagulation,and flocculao in the construction of buildings but does not apply to furnish- Separate Nonprocess-Related Structures. Structures that ings or the contents of buildings or to the fire hazard evalua- are physically separated and do not contain any process- tion of materials. related equipment associated with the collection and treat- 1999 reat1999 Edition i 820-8 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES merit of wastewater and solids derived from wastewater treat- Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement. ment processes. Sludge. A semiliquid mass of accumulated settled solids Sewer. A single pipe or system of pipes or conduits that car- deposited from wastewater,raw or treated,in tanks or basins. ries wastewater or drainage water. Also referred to as biosolids. Sewer,Branch. A sewer that receives wastewater from a rel- Sludge Cake. A semisolid product of a sludge-dewatering atively small area and discharges into a main sewer serving process. more than one branch sewer area. Sludge Dewatering. The process of removing a part of the Sewer, Building. In plumbing, the extension from the water in sludge by any physical or mechanical method without building drain to the public sewer or other place of disposal heat,such as draining,pressing,vacuum filtration,centrifug- (also called house connection or lateral). ing,or passing between rollers. Sewer,Collector. A pipe or conduit that receives wastewa- Sludge Gas. Gas obtained as a by-product of the anaerobic ter from a relatively small area from two or more lateral sewers sludge digestion unit process from the decomposition of and that subsequently discharges into a trunk sewer. organic matter. It has a high content of methane, varying Sewer,Combined. A sewer intended to receive both waste- amounts of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide,and a small water and storm or surface water. amount of nitrogen.It can be both afire and life safety hazard. Sewer,Industrial. A sewer intended to receive only indus- Sludge Gas Vent. A passage to permit the controlled trial wastewater or other liquid or water-carried wastes.(See also release of gases from anaerobic treatment processes or gas definitions of Server, Sanitary;Server Storm;and Server, Combined). storage facilities. Sewer,Interceptor. A sewer that receives dry-weather flow Sludge Thickening. A sludge treatment process designed to and frequently additional predetermined quantities of storm concentrate wastewater sludges by gravity,mechanical means, water (if from a combined system) from a number of trans- or air flotation. verse sewers or outlets and conducts such waters to a point for Sludge Treatment. The processing of wastewater sludges to treatnent or disposal (also called main sewer). render them stable.This can be done by aerobic or anaerobic Sewer,Outfall. A sewer that receives wastewater from a col- digestion followed by drying on sand beds,filtering and incin- lecting system or from a treatment plant and carries it to a eration,filtering and drying,or wet-air oxidation. point of final discharge. Sludge-Drying Systems. Sludge processes using physical or Sewer, Pressure. A collection sewer that incorporates a mechanical evaporation techniques with or without the appli- wastewater grinder pump or septic tank effluent pump to con- cation of heat to achieve solids concentrations greater than 85 vey wastewater from a single residence or group of residences percent. or small commercial establishments to a private or public Standard. A document, the main text of which contains sewer system or on-site disposal system. only mandatory provisions using the word"shall' to indicate Sewer,Private. A sewer privately owned and used by one or requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for more properties or owners. mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adop- tion into law.Nonmandatory provisions shall be located in an Sewer,Relief. A sewer built to carry the flows in excess of the capacity of an existing sewer. Also, a sewer intended to appendix, footnote,or fine-print note and are not to be con- carry a portion of the flow from a district in which the existing ered a part nof the requirements of a standard. sewers are of insufficient capacity. Structure. All construction designed to contain or convey Sewer,Residential. A sewer intended to receive only resi- wastewater, sludge, sludge gas, piping, or equipment. Struc- dential wastewater. (See also definitions of Server, Combined,Sewer, tures can provide access but are not intended for continuous Sanitary;and Sewer Storm.). personnel occupancy. Sewer, Sanitary. A sewer that carries liquid and water-carried Through-Penetration Firestop. A specific construction con- wastes fi-om residences, commercial buildings, industrial plants, sisting of the materials that fill the opening around penetrat- and institutions together with minor quantities of storm water,sur- ing items such as cables,cable trays,conduits,ducts,and pipes face water,and groundwater that are not admitted intentionally. and their means of support through the wall or floor openingto prevent spread of fire.Its rating is established in accordance Sewer, Storm. A pipe or conduit that carries storm water with test procedures in ASTM E 814, Standard Test Methodfor and surface water,street wash,and other wash water,or drain- Fire Tests of Through Penetration Fire Stops. age, but excludes domestic wastewater and industrial wastes Trickling Filter. A treatment unit process consisting of (also called storm drain). stone,plastic,redwood,or similar media over which wastewa- Sewer,Trunk. The principal pipe or conduit to which one ter is distributed and through which wastewater trickles to the or more collector sewers or branch sewers are tributaries(also underdrains and is treated by the microbial slimes formed on called main sewer). the surface of the media. Sewer Gas. Gas resulting from decomposition of organic Tunnel. See definition of Galleries. matter in wastewater in sewers and from the incidental,uncon- Utilization Equipment. Equipment that utilizes electric trolled release of hydrocarbons or decomposition of organic matter in stagnant liquid and septic sludge in wastewater treat- energy for electronic, electromechanical, chemical, heating, ment plants.The gas could contain trace quantities of meth- lighting,or similar purposes. ane and hydrogen sulfide and could be low in oxygen.It could Vacuum Filter. A unit process,used to dewater wastewater be both a fire and life safety hazard. sludge, consisting of a cylindrical drum mounted on a hori- 1999 Edition COLLECTION SYSTEMS 820-9 zontal axis,covered with a media,and subjected to an internal Wet Well. That portion of the pumping station that receives vacuum. and temporarily stores wastewater for the purpose of pump- Vault. An enclosed structure,usually underground,used to ting. A wet well might or might not contain electrical equip- permit personnel access to various types of equipment and mens such as pumps, motors,fans,wiring and wiring devices, instrumentation. controls,lights,and other accessories. Ventilation Rate. Ventilation rate, as used in this docu- ment,is based on air changes per hour and is calculated by the Chapter 2 Collection Systems use of 100 percent outside air for the supply air that is exhausted.Air changes per hour is calculated on the basis of the maximum aggregate volume (under normal operating 2-1: General. This chapter provides minimum criteria for conditions) of the space to be ventilated. protection against fire and explosion hazards in the collection Volatile Liquid. A liquid that evaporates readily at normal and transportation of municipal wastewater. This chapter temperature and pressure. shall not apply to on-site systems,force mains,or those sewers that principally convey industrial wastes.Table 2-2 summarizes Wastewater. The spent water of a community.Combination the various components associated with wastewater collection of the liquid and water-carried wastes from residences, com- and transport systems. mercial buildings,industrial plants,and institutions,together with any groundwater, surface water, and storm water that 2-2` Design and Construction. The design and construction might be present. of collection system facilities shall conform to Table 2-2. Table 2-2 Collection Systems A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures MATERIALS USED NA NA NA NA In accordance NA IN REHABILITA- with 6-3.1 1 TION,RECON- STRUCTION,OR SLIP-LINING OF SEWERS INDUSTRIAL Not included within the scope of this standard SEWER 2 Sewer transporting industrial wastewa- ter only (no sanitary wastewater) STORM SEWER Possible igni- NNV Inside of sewer Division 2 In accordance NR Sewer transporting tion of flamma- with 6-3.1 3 storm water only(no ble gases and sanitary wastewater) floating flam- mable liquids Note: The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and, therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NTC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-10 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 2-2 Collection Systems (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures STORM WATER Possible igni- NNV Entire room Division 2 NC,LC,or LES CGD if PUMPING STA- tion of flamma- or space enclosed TION WET WELLS ble gases and 4 Liquid side of pump- floating flam- ing station serving mable liquids only a storm sewer system a STORM WATER Buildup of D Entire dry well Division 2,or NC,LC,or LES FE PUMPING STA- vapors from unclassified,if TION DRY WELLS flammable or space provided with Dry side of a pump- combustible pressurization in 5 ing station serving liquids accordance with only a storm sewer NFPA 496 system and physically b separated from wet C Unclassified well PRESSURE SEWER Not included within the scope of this standard (Force main) Sewer 6 under pressure (flooded discharge pipe from pump or tank) BUILDING SEWER Not included within the scope of this standard (Lateral sewer or 7 drain)Sewer serving a house or single building (plumbing) INDIVIDUAL RESI- NA NNV Within Unclassified NR NR DENTIAL SEWER enclosed space 8 Sewer serving one but not more than five dwellings Note: The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and, therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per]tour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher LC—Limited-combustible material US—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance wide NFPA 70,National Meatical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition COLLECTION SYSTEMS 820-11 Table 2-2 Collection Systems (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures INDIVIDUAL RESI- NA NNV Within Unclassified NR NR DENTIAL PUMP- enclosed space ING UNITS Pumping units serv- 9 ing one but not more than five dwell- ings (e.g.,grinder pumps,septic tank effluent pumps,ejec- tor pumps) a RESIDENTIAL Possible igni- NNV Within Division 2 In accordance NR SEWER tion of flamma enclosed space with 6-3.1 10 b Sewer transporting ble gases and B Unclassified primarily residential floating flam- wastewater mable liquids a RESIDENTIAL Possible igni- A Entire room Division 2 NC,LC,or LES CGD WASTEWATER tion of flamma- or space b PUMPING STA- ble gases and B Unclassified 11 TION WET WELL floating flam- Pumping station mable liquids transporting prima- rily residential waste- water a RESIDENTIAL Buildup of D Entire room Division 2 NC,LC,or LES FE WASTEWATER vapors from or space b PUMPING STA- flammable or C Unclassified TION DRY WELL combustible 12 Dry side of a pump- liquids ing station transport- ing primarily residential wastewa- ter OUTFALL SEWER NA NNV NA Unclassified NR NR Final discharge pipe 13 from a treatment plant,transporting treated wastewater Note: The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and, therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition i 820-12 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 2-2 Collection Systems (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a SANITARY SEWER Possible igni- NNV Inside of sewer Division 1 In accordance NR Sewer transporting tion of flamma- with 6-3.1 14 b domestic,commer- ble gases and B Division 2 tial,and industrial floating flam- wastewater mable liquids a COMBINED SEWER Possible igni- NNV Inside of sewer Division 1 In accordance NR Sewer transporting tion of flamma- with 6-3.1 15 b domestic,commer- ble gases and B Division 2 tial,and industrial floating flam- wastewater and mable liquids storm water a WASTEWATER Possible igni- A Entire room Division 1 NC,LC,or LFS CGD PUMPING STA- tion of flamma- or space b TION WET WELLS ble gases and B Division 2 16 Liquid side of a floating flam- pumping station mable liquids serving a sanitary sewer or combined system a BELOWGRADE OR Buildup ofFD Entire space Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS FE PARTIALLY vapors fromor room b BELOWGRADE flammable or Division 2,or WASTEWATER combustible unclassified,if PUMPING STA- liquids space TION DRY WELL provided with 17 Pump room physi- pressurization in cally separated from accordance with wet well;pumping of NFPA 496 wastewater from a sanitary or com- bined sewer system through closed pumps and pipes Note: The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and, therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition COLLECTION SYSTEMS 820-13 Table 2-2 Collection Systems (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NECArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures ABOVEGRADE NA NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS FE WASTEWATER PUMPING STA- TION Pump room physi- cally separated with 18 no personnel access to wet well;pumping of wastewater from a sanitary or com- bined sewer system through closed pumps and pipes a ABOVEGRADE Possible igni- A Entire space Division 1 NC FE WASTEWATER tion of flamma- or room b PUMPING STA- ble gases and B I)Msion 2 NC,LC,or LFS TION floating flam- Pump room not mable liquids 19 Physically separated from wet well;pump- ing of wastewater from a sanitary or combined sewer sys- tem through closed pumps and pipes a ODOR-CONTROL Leakage and D Entire area if Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS CGD and SYSTEM AREAS ignition of enclosed FDS Areas physically sep- sewage gases b arated from wet well C,or out- Areas within 3 Division 2 that house systems doors ft(0.9 m) of handling wet well leakage gases sources such 20 as fans,damp- ers,flexible connections, flanges,pres- surized unwelded ductwork,and odor-control vessels c Areas beyond Unclassified 3 ft(0.9 m) Note: The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and, therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGI)—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-14 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 2-2 Collection Systems (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a MAINTENANCE Possible igni- NNV Inside Division 1 In accordance NR HOLES tion of flamma- with 6-3.1 21 b Access to sewer for ble gases and B Division 2 personnel entry floating flam- mable liquids a JUNCTION CHAM- Buildup of NNV Inside Division 1 In accordance NR BERS vapors from with 6-3.1 22 b Structure where sew- flammable or B Open and Division 2 ers intersect combustible above grade or liquids inside and ventilated INVERTED Possible igni- NNV Interior of Division 1 NC NR SIPHONS tion of flamma- inlet and out- 23 Depressed section of ble gases and let structures gravity sewer floating flam- mable liquids CATCH BASINS Buildup of NNV Enclosed Division 1 In accordance NR (Curb inlet) Inlet vapors from space with 6-3.1 24 where street water flammable or enters a storm or combustible combined sewer liquids a RESIDENTIAL Buildup of NNV Enclosed Division 2 In accordance NR DIVERSION vapors from space with Chapter 6 b STRUCTURES flammable or B Unclassified 25 Enclosed structures combustible where residential liquids wastewater can be diverted a RESIDENTIAL Possible igni- NNV Enclosed Division 2 In accordance NR BELOWGRADE tion of gases space with 6-3.1 26 b VALVE VAULT and floating B Unclassified With an exposed res- flammable ltq- idential wastewater uids surface Note: The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and, therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher LC—Limited-combusuble material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition COLLECTION SYSTEMS 820-15 Table 2-2 Collection Systems (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a RESIDENTIAL Buildup of A Enclosed Division 2 In accordance NR CONTROL vapors from space with Chapter 6 b STRUCTURES flammable or B Unclassified 27 Enclosed structures combustible where residential liquids wastewater flow is regulated a RESIDENTIAL Possible igni- NNV Enclosed Division 2 In accordance NR BELOWGRADE tion of flamma space with 6-3.1 28 b METERING VAULT ble gases and B Unclassified With an exposed res- floating flam- idential wastewater mable liquids surface a DIVERSION Buildup of NNV Enclosed Division 1 In accordance NR STRUCTURES vapors from space with Chapter 6 29 b Enclosed structures flammable or B Division 2 where wastewater combustible can be diverted liquids ABOVEGRADE NA NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS NR VALVE VAULT 30 Physically separated from the wet well; valves in vault in closed piping system a BELOWGRADE Buildup of NNV Enclosed Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS NR VALVE VAULT vapors from space 31 b Physically separated flammable or C Unclassified from the wet well combustible and with closed pip- liquids ing system a BELOWGRADE Possible igni- NNV Enclosed Division l NC NR VALVE VAULT tion of gases space 32 b With an exposed and floating B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS wastewater surface flammable liq- uids Note: The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and, therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,Nationall'lectrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition i 820-16 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 2-2 Collection Systems (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a CONTROL STRUG Buildup of A Enclosed Division 1 In accordance NR TURES vapors from space with Chapter 6 33 b Enclosed structures flammable or B Division 2 where wastewater or combustible storm water flow is liquids regulated a WASTEWATER Possible igni- A Enclosed Division 1 NC NR HOLDING BASINS tion of flamma- space b Enclosed structures ble gases and B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS 34 temporarily holding floating flam- untreated or par- mable liquids tially treated waste- water WASTEWATER NR NR NR NR NR NR HOLDING BASINS, LINED OR UNLINED 35 Open structures holding storm water, combined wastewa- ter,untreated or par- tially treated wastewater a BELOWGRADE Buildup of NNV Enclosed Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS NR METERING VAULT vapors from space 36 b Physically separated flammable or C Unclassified from the wet well combustible and with closed pip- liquids ing system a BELOWGRADE Possible igni- NNV Enclosed Division 1 NC NR METERING VAULT tion of flamma- space 37 b With an exposed ble gases and B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS wastewater surface floating flam- mable liquids COARSE AND FINE SCREEN FACILI- 38 TIES(See Coarse and Fine Screen Facilities in. Table 3-2.) Note: The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and, therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition LIQUID STREAM TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-17 Chapter 3 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes treatment systems principally that treat industrial wastes. Table 3-2 summarizes the various components associated with 3-1* General. This chapter provides minimum criteria for liquid stream treatment processes. protection against fire and explosion hazards associated with liquid stream treatment processes. This chapter shall not 3-212 Design and Construction. The design and construction apply to treatment systems serving individual structures or of liquid stream treatment processes shall conform to Table 3-2. Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Areal Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a COARSE AND Possible igni- A Enclosed— Division 1 NC FE,H,and FINE SCREEN tion of flamma- entire space CGD if b FACILITIES ble gases and B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS enclosed Removal of screen- floating flam- c ings from raw mable liquids Not Within a 1 wastewater enclosed, I 0-ft(3-m) open to envelope atmosphere around equipment and open channel2,3 PUMPING 2 STATIONS (See Collection. Systems, Table 2-2.) a FLOW EQUAL_ Possible igrni- A Enclosed— Division 1 NC FE,H,and IZATION TANKS tion of flamma- entire space CGD if Storage of raw or ble gases and enclosed b partially treated floating flam- B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS wastewater mable liquids 3 c Not Within a enclosed, 10-ft(3-m) open to envelope atmosphere around equipment and open channel2,3 Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. tOpen channels and open structures upstream from the unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 2The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 3Where liquid turbulence is not induced by aeration or other factors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in.(0.46 in)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 in)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in. (0.46 in)above grade extending 10 ft(3 m) horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance Nrith Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,NalionnlEleclrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition I 820-18 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES I Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NECArea Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Areal Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a GRIT REMOVAL Possible igni- A Enclosed— Division 1 NC FE,H,and TANKS tion of flamma- entire space CGD if Separation of grit ble gases and enclosed b from raw wastewa- floating flam- B Division 2 NC,LC,or US ter mable liquids 4 c Not Within a 10- enclosed, ft (3-m) open to envelope atmosphere around equipment and open channe12,3 a PRE-AERATION Possible igni- A Enclosed— Division 1 NC H and CGD if TANKS tion of flamma- entire space enclosed Conditioning of ble gases and b wastewater prior to floating flam- B Division 2 NC,LC,or US further treatment mable liquids 5 c Not Within a 10- enclosed, ft (3-m) open to envelope atmosphere around equipment and open channel2,3 Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. rOpen channels and open structures upstream from the unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 31•Vhere liquid turbulence is not induced by aeration or other factors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in. (0.46 in)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 in)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above grade extending 10 ft(3 m)horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour 13—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Elechical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition LIQUID STREAM TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-19 Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NECArea Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Areal Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a PRIMARY SEDI- Possible igni- A Enclosed— Division 1 NC H and CGD if MENTATION tion of flamma- entire space enclosed TANKS ble gases and b Separation of float- floating flam- B Division 2 NC,LC,or LES ing or settleable mable liquids c solids from raw Not Interior of wastewater enclosed, the tank open to from the atmosphere minimum operating water sur- face to the top of the tank wall; envelope 18 in. (0.46 in) 6 above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 m) beyond the exterior wall;enve- lope 18 in. (0.46 m) above grade extending 10ft(3m) horizon- tally from the exterior tank walls Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. ]Open channels and open structures upstream from the unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 2The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. -'Where liquid turbulence is not induced by aeration or other factors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 m)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in.(0.46 m)above grade extending 10 ft(3]n)horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National E, Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-20 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area' Class I,Group D) Structures Measures AERATION NA Unclassified(If NR H BASIN,POND, process is not pre- LAGOON,OXI- ceded by primary DATION DITCH, sedimentation,see AEROBIC SUS- Primary Sedimen- PENDED tation Tanks in 7 GROWTH SYS- Table 3-2 for classi- TEMS,SEQUENG fication.) ING BATCH REACTORS Aerobic treatment of wastewater open to the atmosphere a ENCLOSED AER- Possible igni- A Entire Division 1 NC NR ATION BASIN OR tion of flamma enclosed b AEROBIC SUS- ble gases or B space not Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS PENDED floating flam- routinely 8 GROWTH SYS- mable liquids entered by TEMS personnel Aerobic treatment of wastewater not preceded by pri- mary treatment ENCLOSED AER- NA NR Entire Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS NR ATION BASIN OR enclosed AEROBIC SUS- space PENDED 9 GROWTH SYS- TEMS Aerobic treatment of wastewater pre- ceded by primary treatment Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'Open channels and open structures upstream from the unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 2The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 3Wlrere liquid turbulence is not induced by aeration or other factors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 m)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in. (0.46 in)above grade extending 10 ft(3 m)horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition LIQUID STREAM TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-21 Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Areal Class I,Group D) Structures Measures TRICKLING FIL- Not normally a NA Unclassified (If NR H TER,BIO- significant haz- unit process is not TOWER,AERO- ard;however, preceded by pri- BIC FIXED-FILM these processes maty sedimenta- 10 SYSTEMS might contain tion,see Primary Aerobic biological materials that Sedimentation treatment of waste- are combustible Tanks in Table 3-2 water under certain for classification.) conditions a ANAEROBIC Normally pro- NA Tank interior Division 1 NC FE and H TOWERS,ANAER- duces combusti- b OBICFIXED-FILM ble gas as NA 10-ft(3-m) Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS, I I SYSTEM treatment pro- envelope Anaerobic biologi- cess by-product around tank cal treatment if sealed from atmo- sphere a GAS-HANDLING Combustible A Enclosed— Division I NC FE and H SYSTEMS FOR gas,often entire space b LIQUID TREAT- under pressure B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS MENT PRO- 12 c CESSES Not Within a]0- enclosed, ft(3-m) open to envelope atmosphere around equipment2 OXYGEN AERA- Ignition of NA Enclosed Division 2 (If unit Any equip- Special provi- TION TANKS flammable space process is not pre- ment or mate- sion for LEL Tanks for aerobic gases and float ceded by primary rial within the monitoring treatment of waste- ing flammable sedimentation, reactor space and auto- water using high- liquids in an see Primal},Sedi- shall be safe for matic isola- 13 purity oxygen oxygen- mentation Tanks exposure to tion of rather than air enriched envi- in Table 3-2 for volatile hydro- equipment ronment classification.) carbons in an and oxygen oxygen- supply enriched atmo- sphere Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. tOpen channels and open structures upstream from the unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 2The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 3Where liquid turbulence is not induced by aeration or other factors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 m)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above grade extending 10 ft(3 m)horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code, NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-22 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Areal Class I,Group D) Structures Measures INTERMEDIATE, NA NA Unclassified (If NR H SECONDARY,OR unit process is not TERTIARY SEDI- preceded by pri- MENTATION maty sedimenta- 14 TANKS tion,see Primary Separate floating Sedimentation and settleable sol- Tanks in Table 3-2 ids from wastewa- for classification.) ter at various treatment stages FLASH MIXER OR NA NA Unclassified (If NR H FLOCCULATION unit process is not TANKS preceded by pri- 15 Tanks for mixing mary sedimenta- various treatment tion,see Primary chemicals with Sedimentation wastewater Tanks in Table 3-2 for classification.) NITRIFICATION NA NA Unclassified (If NR H AND DENITRIFI- unit process is not CATION TANKS preceded by pri- 16 Tertiary treatment mary sedimenta- of wastewater to tion,see Primary reduce or remove Sedimentation nitrogen Tanks in Table 3-2 for classification.) Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'Open channels and open structures upstream from the unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. ' 31flhere liquid turbulence is notinduced by aeration or other factors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 m)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above grade extending 10 ft(3 in)horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CCD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NFC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition LIQUID STREAM TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-23 Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Areal Class I,Group D) Structures Measures BREAKPOINT NA NA Unclassified NR(These unit H CHLORINATION processes use TANKS AND corrosive CHLORINE CON- chemicals that TACT TANKS require the use Application of of specific 17 chlorine in aque- materials of ous solution to construction. wastewater Special consid- eration shall be given to these materials of construction.) AMMONIA STRIP- (See TrichlingFil- NA NA Unclassified NR(These unit H PING TOWERS ter in Table 3-2.) processes use corrosive chemicals.Spe- 18 tial consider- ation shall be given to these materials of constriction.) INTERMEDIATE NA NA Unclassified NR H OR FINAL PUMP- ING STATIONS 19 Pump(s) at inter- mediate stage or end of the treat- ment process GRAVITY AND NA NA Unclassified NR H PRESSURE FIL- TERS 20 Filtering of treated wastewater through sand or other media Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'Open channels and open structures upstream from die unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. RWhere liquid turbulence is not induced by aeration or other factors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in.(0.46 m)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 m)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in.(0.46 m)above grade extending 10 ft(3 m)horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition i 820-24 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEC-Area Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Areal Class I,Group D) Structures Measures CARBON COL- Significant haz- NA NA Unclassified NR H UMN OR TANKS and from com- 21 Vessels containing bustible carbon carbon for tertiary material treatment of waste- water ONSITE OZONE Similar to oxy- NA NA Not covered in NR NR GENERATION gen generation this standard SYSTEM AND with addition of OZONE CON- being highly 22 TACT TANKS corrosive (see Ozone generation Table D4.1) and purification for disinfection of wastewater BACKWASH NA NA NA Unclassified NR H WATER AND WASTE BACK- 23 ACK23 WASH WATER HOLDING TANKS Tanks for tempo- rary storage of backwash water ULTRAVIOLET NA NA Unclassified NR H DISINFECTION 24 UNIT Disinfection of wastewater by ultraviolet radia- tion EFFLUENT NA NA Unclassified NR H STRUCTURES Various structures 25 conveying treated wastewater away from treatment processes Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. ]Open channels and open structures upstream from the unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 2The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 'Where liquid turbulence is not induced by aeration or other factors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 m)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in. (0.46 in)above grade extending 10 ft(3 m)horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition LIQUID STREAM TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-25 Table 3-2 Liquid Stream Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Location and Explosion Classified Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Areal Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a ODOR-CON- Leakage and D Entire area Division 2 TROL SYSTEM ignition of flam- if enclosed AREAS Areas phys- enable gases b ically separated C Areaswithin Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS CGD,FDS, from processes 3 ft(0.9 m) and FE that house systems of leakage handling flamma- sources ble gases such as fans, dampers, flexible con- 26 nections, flanges, pressurized unwelded ductwork, and odor- control ves- sels c Areas Unclassified beyond 3 ft (0.9 m) Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'Open channels and open structures upstream from the unit processes are to be classified the same as the downstream processes they supply. 2The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 'Where liquid turbulence is not induced by aeration or otherfactors,the following criteria apply:interior of the tank from the minimum operating water surface to the top of the tank wall;envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above the top of the tank and extending 18 in. (0.46 m)beyond the exterior wall;and envelope 18 in. (0.46 m)above grade extending 10 ft(3 in)horizontally from the exterior tank walls. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NNV—Not normally ventilated NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-26 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Chapter 4 Solids Treatment Processes Tables 4-2(a) and 4-2(b) summarize the various components associated with solids treatment processes. 4-1,;, General. This chapter provides minimum criteria for protection against fire and explosion hazards associated with 4-2* Design and Construction. The design and construction solids treatment processes.This chapter shall not apply to the of solids treatment processes shall conform to Tables 4-2(a)and treatment of solids from industrial waste treatment processes. 4-2(b). Table 4-2(a) Solids Treatment Processes A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Classified Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures COARSE AND FINE NA NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS H,FE, SCREENINGS- HANDLING and FAS BUILDINGS Stor- I age,conveying,or dewatering of screen- ings(no exposed flow of wastewater through building or area) GRIT-HANDLING NA NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS H,FE, BUILDING and FAS Storage,conveying, and dewatering of 2 heavy small screen- ings and grit(no exposed flow of wastewater through building or area) Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 2Sec NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment;NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention of Furnace Explosions/Implosions in Multiple Burner Boilers. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air es thang per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FAS—Fire alarm system FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NR—No requirement 1999 Edition SOLIDS TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-27 Table 4-2(a) Solids Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Classified Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a SCUM-HANDLING Possible grease A Enclosed Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS H,FE,and BUILDING OR or flammable space CGD if AREA liquids carry- enclosed b Holding,dewater- over B Unclassified 3 c ing,or storage Not NA enclosed, open to atmosphere a SCUM PITS Buildup of A Enclosed— Division 1 NC H,FE,and vapors from entire space CGD if flammable b B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS combustiblee liq- enclosed 4 c uids Not Within a 10-ft enclosed, (3-m) envelope open to around equip- atmosphere ment and open channel' a SCUM-PUMPING Carryover of A Enclosed— Division 1 NC H,FE,and AREAS floating flam- entire space CGD if b Pumping of scum, mable liquids wet side of B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS enclosed 5 c pumping station Not Within a 10-ft enclosed, (3-m) envelope open to around equip- atmosphere ment and open channel' a SCUM-PUMPING Not D Enclosed space Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS FE AREAS significant b Pumping of scum, C Unclassified 6 c dryside of pumping Not NA station enclosed, open to atmosphere Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 2See NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Hatadling Systems and Eguiptnen.t;NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention of Furnace Explosions/ltnplosiotts in Multiple Burner Boilers. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per liour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FAS—Fire alarm system FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-28 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 4-2(a) Solids Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Classified Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures SCUM Firebox explo- NR Incinerator area Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS FSS (if INCINERATORS2 sion from possi- if separated from indoors), 7 Elimination of scum ble carryover of scum storage H,and FE through burning flammable scum a SLUDGE THICK Possible genera- A Enclosed— Division I NC b ENER(CLARIFIER) tion of methane B entire space Sludge concentra- from sludge; Division 2 NC LC or LFS H,PE,and c tion and removal, carryover ofNot Envelope 18 in. CGD if 8 gravity,or dissolved floating flam- enclosed, (0.46 m) above enclosed air flotation mable liquids open to water surface and atmosphere 10 ft(3 m) hori- zontally from wet- ted etted wallsl a SLUDGE PUMPING Buildup of D Entire dry well Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS H and FE STATION DRY methane gas or when physically WELLS Dry side of a flammable separated from a sludge pumping vapors wet well or sepa- station rate structures 9 b C Entire dry well Unclassified when physically separated from a wet well or sepa- rate structures a SLUDGE STORAGE Possible genera- A Enclosed— Division 1 NC CGD,H, WET WELLS,PITS, tion of methane entire spaceand FE if b AND HOLDING gas in explosive B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS TANKS concentrations; tank R enclosed Retaining of sludge carryover of floating flam- in struc- 10 mable liquids ture c Not Envelope 18 in. NR enclosed, (0.46 m) above open to water surface and atmosphere 10 ft(3 m) hori- zontally from wet- ted walls' Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. ]The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. `-'See NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment;NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention.of Furnace Explasions/hnplosions in Multiple Burner Boilers. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FAS—Fire alarm system FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher PSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,NotionalElectrical Code NR—No requirement 1999 Edition SOLIDS TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-29 Table 4-2(a) Solids Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Classified Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a SLUDGE-BLEND- Possible genera- A Enclosed— Division l NC H,FE, ING TANKS AND tion of methane entire space and CGD b HOLDING WELLS gas in explosive B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS Retaining of sludge concentrations; if tank with some agitation carryover of enclosed floating flam- in struc- 11 mable liquids ture c Not Envelope 18 in. NR enclosed, (0.46 m) above open to water surface and atmosphere 10 ft(3 m) hori- zontally from wet ted walls[ DEWATERING NA NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS FE,FDS, BUILDINGS CON- and FAS TAINING CENTRI- FUGES,GRAVITY BELT THICKEN- ERS,BELT AND 12 VACUUM FILTERS, AND FILTER PRESSES Removal of water from sludge and the conveyance of sludge or sludge cake INCINERATORS2 Firebox explo- NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS FSS (if AND INCINERA- sion indoors), 13 TOR BUILDINGS H,and FE Conveying and burn- ing of sludge cake HEAT TREAT- None,other NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS H and FE MENT UNITS, than in high- 14 LOW-OR HIGH- pressure sys- PRESSURE OXIDA- tems TION UNITS Closed oxidation of sludge Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 2See NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment;NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention of Furnace P xplasions/Implosions in Multiple Burner Boilers. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FAS—Fire alarm system FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-30 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 4-2(a) Solids Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Classified Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a ANAEROBIC Leakage of gas Not Tank interior; Division 1 NC H and FE DIGESTERS,BOTH from cover,pip- enclosed, areas above and FIXED ROOF AND ing,emergency open to around digester FLOATING COVER relief valves, atmosphere cover;envelope Generation of sludge and appurte- 10 ft(3 m) above gas from digesting nances the highest point sludge of cover,when cover is at its max- imum elevation, and 5 ft(1.5 m) from any wall b Envelope 15 ft Division 2 (4.6 m) above Division 1 area over cover and 5 ft(1.5 m).beyond Division 1 area around tank walls c A For digester tanks Division 1 NC CGD if 15 enclosed in a enclosed building:tank inte- rior;entire area inside building d B For digester tanks Division 1 NC CGD if enclosed in a build- enclosed ing:tank interior; areas above and around digester cover;envelope 10 ft(3 in)above highest point of cover,when cover is at its maximum elevation,and 5 ft (1.5 m)from any wall of digester tank e Remaining space Division 2 NC,LC,or US in enclosed area Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. "See NFPA 54,National Tuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment;NFPA 8501,Standard ,for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention ofTurnace Explosions/Implosions in Multiple Burner Boilers. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FAS—Fire alarm system FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NR—No requirement 1999 Edition SOLIDS TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-31 Table 4-2(a) Solids Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Classified Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a ANAEROBIC Leaking and A Entire building Division 1 NC CGD,H, DIGESTER CON- ignition ofand FE b TROL BUILDING sludge gas B Enclosed areas Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS Storage,handling,or that contain gas- burning of sludge handling equip- 16 gas ment c C Physically sepa- Unclassified rated from gas- handling equip- ment a DIGESTER GAS— Sludge gas igni- A Entire room Division 1 NC CGD,H, PROCESSING tion and FE b ROOMS B Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS 17 Gas compression,c P B Within 5 ft Division 1 NC,LC,or LFS handling,and (1.5 m) of equip- processing ment ANAEROBIC Gas storage pip- NNV Within a 10-ft Division 1 NC,LC,or LFS H,FE, 18 DIGESTER GAS ing and han- (3-n)envelope of and CGD STORAGE dling tanks,valves,and Storage of sludge gas appurtenances CHLORINE OXIDA-Chlorine is a NR NA Unclassified NR(These unit H and FE TION UNITS very strong oxi- processes use Chlorine reaction dizing agent corrosive chemi- with sludge call that require the use of spe- 19 cific materials of construction. Special consider- ation shall be given to such materials of con- struction.) Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 2See NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment;NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler(�)eration;and NFPA 8502,Standard for Elie Prevention.of Furnace Exhlosions/Ihnplosions in Multiple Burner Boilers. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance witli Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FAS—Fire alarm system FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-32 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 4-2(a) Solids Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Classified Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a UNDERGROUND Ignition of nat- D Within 10 ft Division 1 (PIPING) TUN- ural gas or (3 m) of valves NELS CONTAIN- sludge gases and appurte- ING NATURAL GAS nances PIPING OR b SLUDGE GAS D Entire tunnel Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS CGD, G c PIPING C Areas within ]Oft Division 2 FDS,and 20 Transmission of gas, (3 m) of valves, FE sludge,water,air, meters,gas check and steam via piping; valves,conden- also might contain sate traps,and power cable and othert m conduit P p g appurtenances d C Areas beyond Unclassified 10 ft(3 m) UNDERGROUND NA NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS FDS and (PIPING) TUN- FE NELS NOT CON- TAINING NATURAL GAS PIP- 21 ING OR SLUDGE GAS PIPING Trans- mission of sludge, water,air,and steam piping;also might contain power cable and conduit a COMPOSTING Liberation of D Enclosed area Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS H and PILES ammonia and FDS bC Unclassified 22 Aerobic sludge toxic gas (com- reduction posting materi- als can self- ignite) Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. ZSee NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment;NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention.of Furnace Explosions/hnplosions in Multiple Burner Boilers. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FAS—Fire alarm system FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NR—No requirement 1999 Edition SOLIDS TREATMENT PROCESSES 820-33 Table 4-2(a) Solids Treatment Processes (Continued) A B C D E F G Material of Fire and Extent of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Classified Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Area (All Class I,Group D) Structures Measures a IN-VESSEL COM- Liberation of As required If enclosed,into- Division 2 NC H and POSTING ammonia and by process rior of reactor FDS Aerobic sludge toxic gas (com- vessel plus a 10-ft reduction posting materi- (3-m) envelope 23 als can self- around reactor ignite) vessel b Areas beyond Unclassified l0ft(3m) a ODOR-CONTROL Leakage and D Entire area if Division 2 NC,LC,or LFS CGD, SYSTEM AREAS ignition of flam- enclosed FDS,and Areas physically mable gases b separated from C Areas within 3 ft Division 2 FE processes that house (1.5 m) of leak- systems handling age sources such flammable gases as fans,dampers, 24 flexible connec- tions,flanges, pressurized unwelded duct- work, uctwork,and odor- control vessels c Areas beyond 3 ft Unclassified (1.5 m) PUMPING OF NA NR NA Unclassified NC,LC,or LFS H DRAINAGE FROM DIGESTED SLUDGE- 25 DEWATERING PROCESSES Pump- ing of cenu-ate,fil- trate,leachate,drying beds,and so forth Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 2See NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Syslents and Equipment;NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prenen tion of Furnace Explosions/Implosions in Multiple Burner Boilers. A—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 12 air changes per hour B—Continuously ventilated at 12 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 C—Continuously ventilated at 6 air changes per hour or in accordance with Chapter 7 CGD—Combustible gas detection system D—No ventilation or ventilated at less than 6 air changes per hour FAS—Fire alarm system FDS—Fire detection system FE—Portable fire extinguisher FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 LC—Limited-combustible material LFS—Low flame spread material NA—Not applicable NC—Noncombustible material NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Cody. NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-34 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table 4-2(b) Solids Treatment Processes—Sludge Drying A B C D E F G Material of Fire and NEGArea Electrical Construction for Fire Location and Explosion Extent of Classification Buildings or Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area (All Class II,Group G) Structures Measures SLUDGE- Potential for NR Entire room2 Division 13 NC (Construc- H,FAS,and 1 DRYING ignition of dust tion in actor- FSS(See PROCESSES] dance with NFPA NFPA 61 and 68 and NFPA 69) NFPA 69.) Note:The NR designation in column C indicates that no ventilation requirements are established for the space and,therefore,Table 7-3.1 also has no requirements. 'See NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code;NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment;NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention of Furnace Explosions/Implosions in Multilile Bulmer Boilers. 2The area beyond the envelope is unclassified. 3If acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction,itshall be permitted to be determined in accordance with classifications in NFPA 499,Recommend- ed Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous(Classified)Locations fm Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas. FAS—Fire alarm system FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection in accordance with 5-2.4 NEC—In accordance with NFPA 70,NationolElectrical Code NC—Noncombustible material NR—No requirement Chapter 5 Fire and Explosion Prevention and 5-2.2 Automatic Sprinkler Systems. An automatic sprinkler Protection system where required by this standard or by referenced pub- lications shall conform to NFPA 13,Standard for the Installation 5-12° Scope. This chapter establishes minimum requirements of Sprinkler Systems,and shall be approved by the authority hav- for overall protection against fire and explosion hazards in ing jurisdiction. wastewater facilities and associated collection systems.The con- Exception: In certain areas of the wastewater treatment plant, such as ditions created by the existence of gases,liquids,and solids are chemical storage,underground tunnels or structures,areas where electri- grouped into the following two categories: cal hazard is a principal concern,or where water damage would seriously impair the integrity of the treatment plant,other automatic-extinguishing (1) Flammable/combustible hazards systems shall be permitted. (2) Safety and health hazards This standard deals with the flammability aspects of a par- 5-2.3 Other Automatic-Extinguishing Systems. Where required titular substance, process,or area within wastewater and col- or used in place of automatic sprinkler systems,special hazard– lection facilities. Additional requirements to protect against extinguishing systems and nonwater automatic-extinguishing safety and health hazards are contained in NFPA 70E,Standard systems shall be designed, installed, and maintained in accor- for Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces, and dance with the following standards,as applicable: NFPA 1010,Life Safety Codd. (1) NFPA 11,Standard forLow-Expansion Foam 5-2 Fire Protection Measures. (2) NFPA 11A,Standard for Medium-and High Expansion Foam Systems 5-2.1 General. (3) NFPA 11 C,Standard for Mobile Foam Apparatus 5-2.1.1 Collection systems, liquid stream treatment processes, (4) NFPA 12,Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems and solids41andling processes shall be provided with fire protec- (5) NFPA 12A, Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extin uishin tion for the fire hazards,as described in Tables 2-2,3-2,4-2(a), g g and 4-2(b). Systems (6) NFPA 15, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire 5-2.1.2 Enclosed spaces classified as an explosion hazard area Protection under this document shall be physically separated from all unclassified enclosures. (7) NFPA 16,Standard far the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems 5-2.1.3 hi addition to the fire protection specified in Chapter (8) NFPA 17,Standard forDry Chemical Extinguishing Systems 6, buildings, structures, and process elements, under some conditions, shall be provided with automatic-extinguishing (9) NFPA 2001, Standard on Clean. Agent Fire Extinguishing systems in accordance with this chapter. Systems 1999 Edition FIRE AND EXPLOSION PREVENTION AND PROTECTION 820-35 5-2.4 Water Supplies,Standpipes,Hose Systems,and ufacturers'calibration instructions and shall be connected to Hydrants. alarm signaling systems. 5-2.4.1 Water supplies shall be capable of delivering the total Exception: Alarm limits shall be permitted to beset at a higherpercent- demand of sprinklers, hose streams, and foam systems. In age of the explosive limit where experience indicates ambient levels are areas where there is no public water supply or where the sup- too high and spurious alarms are probable. ply is inadequate,treatment plant effluent shall be permitted 5-5 Ventilation Monitoring and Signaling Systems. for fire protection use. Where connections are made from public water supplies, it might be necessary to guard against 5-5.1 All continuous ventilation systems shall be fitted with possible contamination of die public supply. The require- flow detection devices connected to alarm signaling systems to ments of the public health authority having jurisdiction shall indicate ventilation system failure. be determined and followed. 5-5.2 Local and remote alanns for both ventilation system fail- 5-2.4.2 Water supplies and hydrants shall be installed in actor- ure and combustible gas detection shall be provided for all dance with the following standards,as applicable: hazardous areas classified in accordance with the following: (1) NFPA 22,Standard for Water 7anks for Private Fire Protection (1) Article 500 of NFPA 70,National Electrical Code (2) NFPA 24, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service (2) Any space pressurized in accordance with Chapters 2, 3, Mains and Their Appurtenances and 4 (3) NFPA 1142, Standard on Water Supplies for Suburban and (3) Chapter 7 and NFPA 496, Standard for Purged andPressur- Rura.l Firefighting ized F_nclosures for Electrical Equipment 5-2.4.3 Standpipes and hose systems shall be installed and 5-5.3:1 The alarms required in 5-5.2 shall be displayed in accor- inspected in accordance with NFPA 14, Standard for the Instal- dance with Table 5-5.3. lation of Standpipe and Hose Systems. 5-2.4.4 Where fire pumps are used as a separate and sole Table 5-5.3 Ventilation System Alarm Devices for Areas source of supply, the system shall provide capacity to meet Indicated in 5-5.2 simultaneous fire water flow requirements for both manual Alarm Devices and and automatic fire suppression systems.A standby power-sup- Location/Supervision Supervision ply shall be provided. Pumps shall be automatic starting and manual shutdown. Pumps shall be installed in accordance Entrance(s) to such spacesVisual and audible alarms with NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps. Within such spaces Visual and audible alarms 5-2.5 Portable Fire Extinguishers. Portable fire extinguishers Local (within treatment Visual and audible alarms shall be installed,located,and maintained in accordance with plant or building) NFPA 10,Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers. Exception.: With the concurrence of the authority having jurisdiction, Remote (for distant Visual and audible alarms the requirement for portable fare extinguishers shall be permitted to be supervision)2 waived where areas are not commonly occupied. 'Where locations are not constantly attended,the use of a nonaudible 5-3 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems. signal is permissible if a dual light system is used.A dual light system shall include a"go"/"no go"or green light/red light type of warning 5-3.1 Fire detection and alarm systems for each treatment and system instead of the audible alarm. collection facility area shall be provided as identified in Tables 211,situations where this is impractical,a telephone dialer shall be al- 2-2,3-2,4-2(a),and 4-2(b) or by referenced publications. lowed to meet the intent of this portion of the table. 5-3.2 Fire detection and alarm systems shall be installed and maintained in accordance with NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm 5-5.4 Signaling systems shall be in accordance with the Code®. requirements for supervised signaling systems as set forth in NFPA 72,National Fire Alarm.Code. 54 Combustible Gas Detection. 5-6 Laboratories. Fire protection for laboratories shall be in 54.1'° Combustible gas detectors shall be located in accor- accordance with NFPA 45,Standard on Fire Protection.for Labora- dance with Tables 2-2,3-2,and 4-2(a). tories Using Chemicals. 5-4.2* The selection of combustible gas detector types and 5-7 Special Fire Protection Measures. their placement shall be determined by a qualified person. 5-7.1 Fire Protection During Construction. Fire protection mea- 5-4.3 Combustible gas detectors shall be listed.The installation sures during construction at both new and existing wastewater of combustible gas detectors shall be in accordance with their facilities shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 241,Standard listing requirements and the manufacturers'instructions. for Safeguarding Construction, Alteration, and Demolition Operalions, 5-4.4 Combustible gas detection equipment located in haz- and NFPA 395,Standard for the Storage ofllammable and Combustible ardous (classified) locations, as defined in accordance with Liquids at],arms and Isolated,Sites. NFPA 70,National Electrical Code,shall be listed for use in such 5-7.2 Lightning Protection. Lightning protection shall be atmospheres.The detectors shall be set to alarm at 10 percent provided in accordance with NEPA 780,Standard for the Irastal- of the lower explosive limit(LEL)in accordance with the man- lalion of Lightning Protection Systems. 1999 Edition 820-36 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES 5-7.3 Drainage. (5) Smoke density generation factors 5-7.3.1 Provisions shall be made in all fire areas of the plant (6) Products of combustion for removal of all liquids for containment in the fire area with- (7) Corrosion resistance out flooding of equipment and without endangering other 6-2.2 For the purpose of this document,materials of construe- areas. tion are divided into the following four basic categories: 5-7.3.2 The provisions for drainage and any associated drain- (1) Combustible age facilities shall be sized to simultaneously accommodate all (2) Noncombustible of the following: (3) Limited-combustible (1) The spill of die largest single container of any flammable (4) Low flame spread or combustible liquids in the area 6-2.3 Materials of construction used for unit processes located (2) The maximum expected number of fire hose lines [500 in areas with an NFPA 70,National Electrical Code,classification gal/min (31.5 L/sec) minimum] operating for a mini- of Class I,Division 1 or Division 2,and Class II shall be selected mum of 10 minutes based on an overall evaluation, including the fire risk of the (3) The maximum design discharge of fixed fire suppression material attributes,the economic impact of replacing the unit systems operating for a minimum of 10 minutes process, and the potential environmental dangers caused by having the unit process out of service for an extended period of time due to fire or explosion. Chapter 6 Materials of Construction 6-3 Applications. 6-1 General. 6-3.1* Sewers and Appurtenances. Materials of construction 6-1.1 This chapter pro-6des minimum criteria for selecting for sewers and appurtenances such as maintenance holes, materials of construction for buildings, structures, and pro- junction chambers, and catch basins shall be based on the cess elements for protection against fire and explosion in results of a written materials risk assessment. wastewater treatment plants and associated collection systems. 6-3.2 Pumping Facilities. Materials selected for wastewater In general,materials of construction and interior coatings and pumping facilities shall be in accordance with Table 2-2. finishes shall provide a maximum degree of fire resistance with the minimum amount of flame spread and smoke gener- Exception No. 1: When conditions or applications warrant the selec- ation associated with a particular application. tion of combustible materials for pumping facilities, consideration to flame spread,smoke generation, corrosion resistance,products of com- 6-1.2 Materials shall be selected that reduce or eliminate the bustion, and the impact that afire or explosion will have on the struc- effects of fire and explosion by maintaining structural integ- lural inlegrily, operability of the pumping.facility, and the economic r•ity,controlling flame spread and smoke generation,minimiz- and environmental consequences 9f having the pumping facility out of ing the release of toxic products of combustion, and service shall be included in the fire risk evaluation. maintaining the serviceability and operation of critical pro- cesses. The criteria for selecting materials of construction is Exception No. 2: Small aboveground pumping facilities with a floor not intended to provide protection of personnel from the risk area of 100 ft (9.3 m )or less and physically separated from the wet of exposure to an asphyxiating or toxic atmosphere generated well and that do not present afire hazard to other buildings or struc- during a fire. tures shall be permitted to be constructed of any appropriate materials. Exception: 1n general, crite)ia for selecting materials of construction. 6-3.3 Buildings and Structures. do not apply to nonprocess contents of the building, structure, or as- 6-3.3.1 General. Buildings and structures, including domes sembly where such contents are not a part of the building,structure,or and covers, shall be constructed of materials in accordance assembly,including,but not limited to,equipment or equipment enclo- with Tables 2-2,3-2,4-2(a),and 4-2(b). sures,grating, walkways, ladders, railings,weirs,process piping and appurtenances,process media,aeration devices,slide and sluicegates, Exception No. 1: When conditions or applications warrant the selec- pump packing and seal material, electrical conduit, hardware, liners tion of combustible materials for buildings and structures, consider- for basins that are,open to the atmosphere, or materials used in reha- ation to flange spread,smoke generation,corrosion resistance,products bilitation or for lining existing sewer pipes. of combustion,and the impact that afire or explosion will have on the structural integrity, operability of the facility, and the economic and 6-1.3 In areas where corrosive environments are present, environmental consequences of having the facility out of service shall including classified areas, special attention shall be given to be included in the fire risk evaluation. the mitigation of corrosion problems in the selection and use Exception No. 2: Small aboveground buildings and structures, includ- of materials for nonstructural assemblies,including the use of ing domes and covers,with a floor or surface area of 100 ft2(9.3 nae)or corrosion-resistant metallic or nonmetallic grating, railings, steps and stairs,conduit,and electric equipment enclosures. less and physically separated from other buildings or structures and that do not present afire hazard to other buildings or structures shall be per- 6-2 Materials Selection. mitted to be constructed of any appropriate materials. 6-2.1 Materials shall be selected based on the criteria for a Exception No.3. Materials other than those required by Tables 2-2,3-2, particular application. Selection criteria shall include the 4-2(a), and 4-2(b)shall be,permitted in buildings or structures that are following: fully sprinklered in accordance with ATPA 13,Standard for the Installa- tion of Sprinkler Systems. (1) Structural requirements (2) Location and operating environment 6-3.3.2 Critical Unit Processes. (3) Fire rating 6-3.3.2.1 Buildings and structures, including domes and cov- (4) Flame spread value ers, containing unit processes that are critical to maintaining 1999 Edition VENTILATION 820-37 the integrity of the treatment plant (e.g., headworks, main 6-3.3.6 Air Supply and Exhaust. Noncombustible,limited-coin- pumping facility,primary clarifiers,etc.),and that if out of ser- bustible,or low flame spread materials shall be used for air supply vice for even a few hours could permanently or unacceptably and exhaust systems.Systems supplying or exhausting air at a rate damage the environment or endanger public health by allow- greater than 2000 ft3/min (56.6 m3/min) shall include listed ing the release of raw wastewater or sludge,shall be constructed smoke dampers, listed fire dampers, and smoke detection and of materials meeting the definition of noncombustible. shall cause the ventilation system to shut down upon detection of Exception: Except as indicated by the Exceptions to 6-3.3.1. smoke. Separate smoke ventilation systems shall be used where 6-3.3.2.2 Where structural assemblies and partitions are applicable. required in these areas for fire separation in accordance with Exception: Smoke venting shall be permitted to be integrated into in- the fire risk evaluation,they shall have a minimum 3-hour fire stalled ventilation systems using automatic or manually positioned ratin dampers and motor speed control in accordance with NFPA 90A, g Standard for- the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating 6-3.3.2.3 Nonstructural assemblies such as ventilation ducts Systems.Also NFPA 204,Guide for Smoke and Heat Venting,shall be and piping shall be constructed of noncombustible, limited- reviewed,forfurtherinformation.Smoke venling also shall bepermilled combustible,or low flame spread materials. to be accomplished through the use of portable smoke ejectors. 6-3.3.3 Essential Unit Processes. 6-3.3.7 Miscellaneous Materials. Cellular or foamed plastic 6-3.3.3.1 Buildings or structures,including domes and covers, materials shall only be used in accordance with NFPA 101,Life containing unit processes that are essential to maintaining the Safely Code.Roof coverings shall be Class A in accordance with integrity of the treatment plant (e.g., secondary biological NFPA 256, Standard Methods of Fire 7Las of Roof Coverings.Metal treatment, secondary clarifiers, disinfection facilities, etc.), roof deck construction shall be Class I or shall be fire classified. and that if out of service for short periods of time would not Exception: Class II metal roof deck construction shall be permitted in permanently or unacceptably damage the environment or buildings or structures that are fully sprinklered in accordance with endanger public health but would become critical if contin- Chapter 5. ued for several days,shall be constructed of materials meeting the definitions of noncombustible, limited-combustible, or Chapter 7 Ventilation low flame spread. Exception: Except as indicated by the Exceptions to 6-3.3.1. 7-1 General. 6-3.3.3.2 Where structural assemblies and partitions are used 7-1.1 Scope. in these areas for fire separation, they shall have a minimum 2-hour fire rating. 7-1.1.1 The minimum criteria for ventilation for protection 6-3.3.3.311 Nonstructural assemblies such as ventilation ducts against fire and explosion of wastewater treatment and pump- and piping shall be constructed of noncombustible, limited- ing facilities shall be in accordance with Chapters 2, 3,and 4 P P g for the designated electrical classifications. Where this stan- dard requires certain ventilation practices, they are intended 6-3.3.4 Other Unit Processes. to minimize fire and explosion hazards;these ventilation stan- 6-3.3.4.1 Buildings and structures containing unit processes, dards are not intended to protect personnel from the toxic effects of exposure to gases present.This chapter is limited to including sludge processing operations,that are not critical or the ventilation of enclosed wastewater pumping and process- essential to maintaining the integrity of the treatment plant, related areas.It does not establish criteria applicable to spaces and where being out of service for long periods of time (i.e.,a devoted to administrative areas, laboratories, or other ancil- week or more) would not permanently or unacceptably dam- lary spaces.Because of the unpredictable nature of materials age the environment or endanger public health,shall be con- and events encountered in the operation of wastewater sys- structed of materials considered applicable by the authority terns,the ventilation criteria established in this standard might having jurisdiction. not be adequate for protection against all hazards that might Exception: Except as indicated by the Exceptions to 6-3.3.1. be encountered. 6-3.3.4.2 Where structural assemblies and partitions are used 7-1.1.2 Ventilation criteria not addressed by Chapters 2, 3, in these areas for fire separation, they shall have a minimum and 4 shall meet the requirements of Table 7-3.1. 1-hour fire rating. 7-1.1.3 This chapter does not apply to at-grade or abovegrade 6-3.3.4.3 Nonstructural assemblies such as ventilation ducts (0.6 unroofed structures less than 2 ft m) deep or 2 ft(0.6 m) and piping shall be constructed of materials meeting the defi- to the in-service waterline or to at grade or or 2 ft roofed nitrons of noncombustible,limited combustible,or low flame structures where the following applies: spread. 6-3.3.5 Combustible Gas Generation and Combustion Pro- (1) The roof is at least 10 ft(3 m)above surrounding finished cesses. Buildings and structures containing unit processes grade that generate, process, or utilize combustible gases (e.g., (2) The structure is open on at least three sides anaerobic wastewater treatment processes, anaerobic digest- 7-1.2 Hazardous classifications as established in Tables 2-2,3-2, ers, compressors, storage spheres, piping,waste gas burners, 4-2(a),and 4-2(b) shall be permitted to be reduced to a lower gas-fired equipment including sludge incinerators,etc.) shall classification,including unclassified,with positive pressurization be constructed of materials meeting the definition of noncom- as provided under Article 500 of NFPA 70,National Electrical Code. bustible. Positive pressurization shall be as specified in NFPA 496, Stan- Exception: Except as indicated by the Exceptions to 6-3.3.1. dard for Purged and Pressurized Enclosures for Electrical Equipment. 1999 Edition i 820-38 FIRE PROTECTION 1N WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES 7-2 Installation. the means to accept power from alternate power sources.Mini- 7-2.1 Ventilation systems serving spaces governed by this stan- mum requirements for the means to accept the alternate source dard shall be designed in accordance with NFPA 90A,Standard of power include connectors that are designed to connect to for the Installation ofAir-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems. devices such as standby generators,portable generators,unin- terruptible power supplies,and so forth.Automatic or manual Exception: NFPA 90A shall not apply where superseded by a more re- switching to a permanent alternate source of power is also per- strictive provision of this standard. mitted.Power failure of the primary source shall be alarmed. 7-2.2 Ventilation systems serving hazardous areas classified 7-3 Ventilation Criteria. under the provisions of Article 500 of NFPA 70,National Elec trical Code, shall incorporate fans fabricated in accordance 7-3.1 Ventilation rates are based on air changes per hour and with Air Moving and Control Association (AMCA) Type A or shall be calculated on the basis of the maximum aggregate vol- Type B spark-resistant construction. ume—under normal operating conditions—of the space to 7-2.3 All mechanically ventilated spaces shall be served by be ventilated.Air changes per hour shall be based on 100 per- both supply and exhaust fans. cent outside supply air,which shall be exhausted.Ventilation rates shall conform to those listed in Table 7-3.1 in order to Exception No. 1: Eor covered process facilities that are not routinely obtain the lowest area electrical classification possible in entered by personnel and where mechanically ventilated, the space is accordance with NFPA 70,National Electrical Code. permitted to be ventilated by exhaust fans only.In determining the area classification, the induced supply(outside)air shall meet the ventila- 7-3.2 Dual ventilation rates for NFPA 70, National Electrical tion rate specified in the applicable chapter. Code,Class I,Division 1 and Division 2 areas shall be permitted under the provisions of this standard,provided the following. Exception No. 2: Ahovegrade spaces with floor areas of 100�t2(9.3 m2) p p g' or less meeting the requirements of Exception No.2to6-3.3.1 shall he per- (a) The low ventilation rate is not less than 50 percent of mitted to be ventilated by a supply fan only. that specified in Table 7-3.1. 7-2.4 Ventilation systems serving unclassified areas adjacent (b) The low ventilation rate is in operation only if the sup- to classified areas shall maintain a differential pressure relative ply air temperature is 50°F(10°C) or less. to ambient air pressure of 0.1 in.water column (25 Pa) under (c) The high ventilation rate is not less than that specified all operating conditions. in Table 7-3.1. 7-2.5 Ventilation systems serving classified areas shall maintain (d) The high ventilation rate is in operation whenever the a differential pressure relative to ambient air pressure of-0.1 in. supply air temperature is above 50°F (10°C), whenever the water column (-25 Pa)under all operating conditions. ventilated space is occupied, or whenever activated by 7-2.6 Ventilation systems for hazardous areas that are approved combustible gas detectors set to function at 10 per- designed to operate intermittently or only when the space is cent of the lower explosive limit (LEL).The high ventilation occupied shall not be permitted for the purpose of downgrad- rate is in operation whenever the supply air temperature is ing the electrical classification of areas. (See Chapters 2, 3, and above 50°F(10°C),whenever the ventilated space is occupied, 4 fbrfurther information.) or whenever activated by approved combustible gas detectors set to function at 10 percent of the lower explosive limit. 7-2.7 Air shall be introduced into and exhausted from such spaces in a manner that will encourage scavenging of all por- 7-3.3* Recirculation of up to 75 percent of the exhaust airflow tions of the spaces to prevent short-circuiting and to promote rate for unclassified areas shall be permitted provided the fol- the effective removal of both heavier- and lighter-than-air lowing• gases and vapors. (1) The recirculated air and outside airflow rate total is not 7-2.8 Ventilation systems shall not transfer air between unclas- less than 6 air changes per hour. sifred interior spaces and classified interior spaces. (2) Recirculation does not occur during occupancy. 7-2.9 Ventilation systems serving areas governed by this scan- (3) Recirculation does not occur whenever a combustible gas dard shall receive power from electrical equipment that detector senses a lower explosive limit of 10 percent or receives power from a primary power source and that also has greater. 1999 Edition VENTILATION 820-39 Table 7-3.1 Minimum Ventilation Rates Ventilation Rate,Air Changes per Hour,or Velocity Description Class I,Division 1 Class 1,Division 2 Unclassified 1 Wet wells,screen rooms,and <12 air changes per hour >_12 air changes per hour other enclosed spaces with wastewater exposed to the room atmosphere 2 Belowgrade spaces such as dry wells,equipment rooms,tunnels,or galleries: (a) With equipment using or <12 air changes per hour or >_12 air changes per hour or processing flammable gas <74-ft/min (22.2-m/min) >_74-ft/min (22.2-m/min) velocity in tunnels or gal- velocity in tunnels or leries galleries (b) With gas piping <6 air changes per hour or >_6 air changes per how-or <37-ft/min (11-in/min) >_37-ft/min (11-m/min) velocity in tunnels or velocity in tunnels or galleries galleries (c) Without gas piping NR for tunnels and galleries <6 air changes per hour for >_6 air changes per hour for dry wells.NR for tunnels dry wells.NR for tunnels and galleries and galleries 3 Abovegrade spaces such as equipment rooms and galleries: (a) With equipment using or <12 air changes per hour or >_12 air changes per hour or processing flammable gas <74-ft/min (22.2-m/min) >_74-ft/min (22.2-n/min) velocity for galleries velocity in galleries (b) With gas piping <6 air changes per hour or >6 air changes per hour or <37-ft/min (11-in/min) >37-ft/min (11-m/min) velocity in galleries velocity in galleries (c) Without gas piping NR for galleries NR for galleries NR for galleries Note:NR—No requirement. 1999 Edition 820-40 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Chapter 8 Administrative Controls and the NFPA standards referenced throughout this docu- ment as summarized in Chapter 9. 8-1 General. This chapter establishes procedures and con- 8-6.2* All other fire protection and detection systems shall be trols necessary for the execution of the fire prevention and fire inspected, tested, and maintained in accordance with the protection activities and practices for wastewater treatment NFPA standards in Chapter 9. and collection facilities. 8-6.3 Other fire protection system equipment that is not 8-2 Management Policy and Direction. addressed by an NFPA standard as referenced in Chapter 9 8-2.1* Management shall establish a policy and institute a fire (e.g.,combustible gas detectors,radio communications equip- prevention and protection program at each facility. ment,and flame arresters or flame checks)shall be inspected, tested,and maintained in accordance with the manufacturers' 8-2.2 Combustible materials shall not be stored in areas used specifications. for the storage of toxic or reactive chemicals. 8-3* Fire Risk Evaluation. A complete fire risk evaluation 8-7* Impairments. shall be performed during the initial design process. 8-7.1 A written procedure in accordance with NFPA 25, Stan- dard for the Inspection., Testing;and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire 84 Fire Prevention Program. Each plant shall establish a Protection Systems,shall be established to address impairments fire prevention program. This program shall include all of of all water-based fire protection systems. the following: 8-7.2 A written procedure shall be established to address (1) Fire safety information for all employees and contractors. impairments to other fire protection systems and plant systems This information shall include, as a minimum, familiar- that have an impact on the level of fire hazard (e.g.,dust col- lection systems, HVAC systems). These procedures shall plant emergency alarms and procedures, and how to include the following: report a fire. (2) Documented plant inspections, including provisions for (1) Identify equipment not available for service handling remedial actions to correct conditions that (2) Identify personnel to be notified (e.g.,plant fire brigade increase fire hazards. chief,public fire department) (3) Description of the general housekeeping procedures and (3) Increase fire surveillance as needed [See 84(6)for further the control of transient combustibles,including control information.] of such materials stored in areas containing toxic or reac- 8-7.3 Following repairs, tests shall be conducted on all tive chemicals. affected systems to ensure proper operation. (4) Control of flammable and combustible liquids and gases in accordance with NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustihle 8-7.4 Following restoration, all parties previously notified of Liquids Code,and NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code. the impairment shall be notified of the completion of repairs. (5) Control of ignition sources to include smoking,grinding, 8-8 Fire Emergency Plan. A written fire emergency plan shall welding,and cutting in accordance with NFPA 51B,Stan- be developed.This plan shall include the following: dard for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work. (1) Response to fire alarms and fire system supervisory (6) Fire prevention surveillance in accordance with NFPA alarms(2) Notification of personnel identified in the plan 601,Standard for Security Services in Fire Loss Prevention. Evacuation from the fire area of employees not directly (3) Evacu (7) *Fire report, including an investigation and a statement Evacued in fire-fighting activities on the corrective action to be taken. invol(4) Coordination with security forces or other designated 8-5 Water-Based Fire Protection Systems. personnel to admit the public fire department and to control traffic and personnel 8-5.1 Water-based fire protection systems include fire sprin- (5) Fire extinguishment activities kler systems,standpipe and hose systems,water spray fixed sys- (6) Operators' dudes during fire emergencies in critical tems,and foam—water sprinkler systems.Also included are the areas water supplies that are part of these systems, such as private (7) Approved breathing apparatus to be provided in critical fire service mains and appurtenances, fire pumps and water areas storage tanks,and valves that control system flow. 8-5.2 All water-based fire protection systems shall be installed 8-9* Fire Brigades. in accordance with the manufacturers'specifications and the 8-9.1* If a fire brigade is provided,its organization and train- NFPA standards referenced throughout this document as ing shall be identified in written procedures. summarized in Chapter 9. 8-9.2 Arrangements shall be made to allow rapid entry into 8.5.3 All water-based fire protection systems shall be inspected, the plant by the municipal fire department, police depart- tested, eparttested,and maintained in accordance with NFPA 25,Standardjoy ment, or other authorized personnel in the case of fire or the Jmpection, Testing,and Maintenance ofWater-Based Eire Protection other emergency.Plant emergency organizations,where pro- Systems. vided, shall be instructed and trained in accordance with NFPA 600,Standard on Industrial Fire Brigades. 8-6 Other Fire Protection and Detection Systems. 8-10* Polychlorinated Biphenyls. If polychlorinated biphe- 8-6.1 All other fire protection and detection systems shall be nyls (PCBs) are contained within the wastewater treatment installed in accordance with the manufacturers'specifications plant,the owner-and the local fire officials shall prepare a con- 1999 Edition REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS 820-41 tingency plan to protect the plant and the collection system NFPA I IA, Standard for Medium- and High.Expansion.Foam from possible contamination in the event that the PCBs or Systems, 1999 edition. combustion products are leaked or washed into die drains NFPA 11C,Standard for MobileFoa.mApparatus,1995 edition. during a fire. NFPA 12, Standard on Carbon.Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, 8-11 Fire and Explosion Prevention. The principal control 1998 edition. procedures used to minimize potential fire and explosion inti- NFPA 12A, Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Sys- dents atwastewater treatment plants shall include the following: tems, 1997 edition. NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler- Systems, (1) Ventilation (See Chapter 7 for further information.) 1999 edition. (2) Education(See NFPA 1,Fire Prevention Code,forfurtherinfo" NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose mation.) Systems, 1996 edition. (3) Risk management and property conservation programs NFPA 15,Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems forFireProtec- (4) Procedures for permitting hotwork tion., 1996 edition. (5) Selection of materials of construction(See Chapter 6 forfur- NFPA 16,Standard for the Installation o f Foam-Water Sprinkler ther information.) and Foam-Water Spray Systems, 1999 edition. (6) Selection of equipment NFPA 17, Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems, 8-11.1 Control of Hazardous Source. In-house training pro- 1998 edition. grams[e.g.,plant emergency organizations(PEO)and house- NFPA 20, Standard for the, Installation of Centrifugal Fire keeping or maintenance] that will provide information to Pumps, 1999 edition. understand, identify,prevent, and handle hazardous sources NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection, and situations related to potential fire,explosion,and toxicity 1.998 edition. problems shall be established for all personnel. Close liaison NFPA 24, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service shall be implemented between the local fire department, Mains and Their Appurtenances, 1995 edition. including other authorized emergency personnel,and waste- NFPA 25,Standardfor the Inspection, Testing,and Maintenance water treatment plant safety personnel, so that mutually of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, 1998 edition. approved emergency procedures, including familiarity with NFPA 30,Rammable and Combustible Liquids Code,1996 edition. the plant,are established. NFPA 45, Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using 8-11.2 Control of Ignition Sources. Chemicals, 1996 edition. NFPA 51 B, Standard for Fire Prevention.During Welding, Cut- 8-11.2.1 Personnel involved shall be educated in the condi- ting, and Other Hot Work, 1999 edition. tions for and sources of ignition of special hazards and shall be NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code,1999 edition. trained for the safe operation of processes.[See 8-4(6)for further NFPA 61, Standardfor the Prevention of Fires and Dust Explo- information.] signs in Agricultural and Food Products Facilities, 1999 edition. 8-11.2.2 All personnel shall be trained to report faulty equip- NFPA 68, Guide for Venting of Deflagration,1998 edition. ment,worn static bonding lines,improperly stored chemicals, NFPA 69,Standard on.Explosion Prevention Systems,1997 edition. and other items needing correction. NFPA 70,National Electrical Codd,1999 edition. NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety Requirements for 8-11.3 Hotwork Permits. Welding,cutting,and similar spark- Employee Workplaces, 1995 edition. producing operations shall not be permitted until a written NFPA 72,National FireAla.rm Codd, 1999 edition. permit authorizing such work has been issued. The permit NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Han- shall be issued by a person in authority following inspection of dling Systems and Equipment,1999 edition. the area to ensure that the precautions have been taken and NFPA 90A, Standard for the Installation. of Air- Conditioning will be followed until the job is completed.(See NFPA 5113,Stan- and Ventilating Systems, 1999 edition. dart for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot NFPA 1010,Life Safety Codd,1997 edition. Work,forfurther information.) NFPA 204, Guide for Smoke and Heat Venting, 1998 edition. NFPA 241,Slandard for Safeguarding Construction,Alteration, Chapter 9 Referenced Publications and Demolition Operations, 1996 edition. NFPA 251,Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance ofBuild- 9-1 The following documents or portions thereof are refer- ing Construction and Materials, 1999 edition. enced within this standard as mandatory requirements and NFPA 255,Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Charac- shall be considered part of the requirements of this standard. teristics of Building Materials, 1996 edition. The edition indicated for each referenced mandatory docu- NFPA 256, Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Roof Coverings, ment is the current edition as of the date of the NFPA issuance 1998 edition. of this standard. Some of these mandatory documents might NFPA 259,Standard Test Melh.od for Potential Heat ofBuilding also be referenced in this standard for specific informational Materials,1998 edition. purposes and,therefore,are also listed in Appendix F. NFPA 395,Standard for the Storage ofKammable and Combusti- ble Liquids at Farms and Isolated Sites, 1993 edition. 9-1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Associa- NFPA 496, Standard for Purged and Pressurized Enclosures for tion, 1 Batterymarch Park,P.O.Box 9101,Quincy,MA 02269- Electricallquipment, 1998 edition. 9101. NFPA 499,Recommended Practice for the Classification of Com- NFPA 1,Fire Prevention Code, 1997 edition. bustibleDusts and of Hazardous(Classified)Locations for Electrical NFPA 10,Standard fo-PortableEireExtinguishers,1998 edition. Installations in Chemical Process Areas, 1997 edition. NFPA 11,Standard for Love Expansion Foam, 1998 edition. NFPA 600,Standard on hndustrialFire Brigades, 1996 edition. 1999 Edition 820-42 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES NFPA 601,Standard forSecurzty Services in.Fire Loss Prevention, lotions in Chemical Process Areas, and NFPA 499, Recommended 1996 edition. Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous NFPA 780,Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection (Classified)Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Systems, 1997 edition. Areas. While some of these recommended practices are not NFPA 1142, Standard on Water Supplies for Suburban and applicable to wastewater treatment facilities,both documents Rural Fire Fighting, 1999 edition. provide useful information. NFPA 2001, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Sys- tems, 1999 edition. A-1-5 Approved. The National Fire Protection Association NFPA 8501, Standard for Single.Burner Boiler Operation, 1997 does not approve, inspect, or certify any installations, proce- edition. dures,equipment,or materials;nor does it approve or evalu- NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention ofFurnace Explosions/ ate testing laboratories. In determining the acceptability of Implosions in.Multiple Burner Boilers, 1999 edition. installations,procedures,equipment,or materials,the author- ity having jurisdiction may base acceptance on compliance 9-1.2 Other Publications. with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence of 9-1.2.1 ANSI Publications. American National Standards Insti- such standards,said authority may require evidence of proper trite,Inc.,11 West 42nd Street,13th floor,New York,NY 10036. installation,procedure,or use.The authority having jurisdic- tion may also refer to the listings or labeling practices of an ANSI/IEEE 268,Metric Practices, 1992. organization that is concerned with product evaluations and is ANSI/ISA RP 12.67, Installation of Intrinsically Safe Instru- thus in a position to determine compliance with appropriate ment Systems in Class I Hazardous Locations, 1967. standards for the current production of listed items. 9-1.2.2 ASTM Publications. American Society for Testing and A-1-5 Authority Having Jurisdiction. The phrase"authority hav- Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA ing jurisdiction'is used in NFPA documents in a broad manner, 19428-2959. since jurisdictions and approval agencies vary,as do their respon- ASTM E 136,Standard Test Method for Behavior of Materials in sibilities. Where public safety is primary, the authority having a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C(13827), 1994. jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or other regional ASTM E 814, Standard 7est Method for Fire Tests of Through- department or individual such as a fire chief;fire marshal;chief Penetration Fire Stops, 1988 (Rev.B-94). of a fire prevention bureau,labor department,or health depart mens;building official;electlical inspector;or others having stat- utory authority.For insurance purposes,an insurance inspection Appendix A Explanatory Material department,rating bureau,or other insurance company repre- sentative may be the authority having jurisdiction.In many cir- Appendix A is not a part of the requirements of this NIPA docu- cumstances,die property owner or his or her designated agent ment but is included for informational purposes only. This appendix assumes the role of the authority having jurisdiction;at govern- contains explanatory material,numbered to correspond with the appli- ment installations, the commanding officer or departmental cable text paragraphs. official may be the authority having jurisdiction. A-1-1.1.1 Other NFPA standards should be consulted for addi- A-1-5 Combustible Liquid. See NFPA 30,Flammable and Com- tional requirements relating to wastewater treatment and col- bustible Liquids Code. lection facilities. A-1-5 Flammable Liquid. See NFPA 30, Flammable and Com- A-1-3.1 om- A1-3.1 In existing facilities,it is not always practical to strictly bustible Liquids Code. apply the provisions of this standard. Physical limitations could necessitate disproportionate effort or expense with little A-1-5 Fuel Gases. See NFPA 54,National Fuel Gas Code. increase in fire protection.In such cases,the authority having A-1-5 Listed. The means for identifying listed equipment jurisdiction should be satisfied that reasonable fire protection may vary for each organization concerned with product evalu- is ensured. ation; some organizations do not recognize equipment as In existing facilities,it is the intent that any condition that listed unless it is also labeled.The authority having jurisdiction represents a serious threat to fire protection should be miti- should utilize the system employed by the listing organization gated by application of appropriate safeguards. It is not the to identify a listed product. intent to require modification for conditions that do not rep- resent a significant threat to fire protection,even though such A-2-1 Additional information on sources of hazards, sources conditions are not literally in conformance with the fire pro- of ignition, and mitigation measures associated with the col- tection requirements. lection and transmission of municipal wastewater is contained A-1-3.3 For additional information, see NFPA 497, Recom- in Appendix D. mended Practice for the Classification of Flammable Liquids,Gases,or- A-2-2 See Figures A-2-2(a) through (g),which provide exam- Vapors and of Hazardous(Classified)Locations for Electrical Instal- ples for Table 2-2. 1999 Edition APPENDIX A 820-43 Figure A-2-2(a) Wet well or basin serving a storm sewer;illustration Figure A-2-2(c) Wet well or basin serving separate or combined sani- of Table 2-2,row 4. tarp sewer;illustration of Table 2-2,rows 16 and 34. Grade 34t(0.9-m)radius 3-ft(0.9-m)radius 5-ft(1.5-m)radius 3-ft(0.9-m)radius from vent(Div.2) from vent(Div.1) from vent(Div.2) from vent(Div.2) 3ft[— --3ft�— Grade (0.9 m) e(0.9 m) 1.5 ft (0.5 m) Wet well or basin Ventilation NNV Wet well or basin Wet well or basin Ventilation A or NNV Ventilation B Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified 5-ft(1.5-m)radius 3-ft(0.9-m)radius 3-ft(0.9-m)radius from vent(Div.2) from vent(Div.1) from vent(Div.2) Figure A-2-2(b) Wet well or basin serving a residential sewer;illustra- 3-ft(0.9-m)envelope tion of Table 2-2,row 11. around opening 3-ft(0.9-m)radius Grade Grade from vent(Div.2) Wet well or basin Wet well or basin Wet well or basin Wet well or basin Ventilation A Ventilation B Ventilation A or NNV Ventilation B ® ® ® ® 0 Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified 1999 Edition 820-44 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Figure A-2-2(d) Abovegrade equipment housing or vault physically Figure A-2-2(e) Belowgrade or partially belowgrade equipment hous- separated from wet well or basin;illustration of Table 2-2,rows 18 ing or vault physically separated from wet well or basin;illustration of and 30. Table 2-2,rows 5,12,17,31,and 36. 3-ft(0.9-m)radius Grade from v (Div.2) Grade Physically separated Abovegrade pump station or vault Ventilation NR ® ® Ventilation well or vault Dry well or vault Ventilation C Ventilation D Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified 3-ft(0.9-m)radius from vent(Div.2) Grade Dry well or vault Dry well or vault Ventilation C Ventilation D Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified 1999 Edition APPENDIX A 820-45 Figure A-2-2(f) Abovegrade equipment housing or vault not physical- ly separated from wet well or basin;illustration of Table 2-2,row 19. 5-ft(1.5-m)radius 3-ft(0.9-m)radius from vent(Div.2) 3-ft(0.9-m)radius from vent(Div.2) from vent(Div.1) 3-ft(0.9-m) envelope around opening Grade Abovegrade Abovegrade pump station or vault pump station or vault Ventilation A Ventilation B Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified Figure A-2-2(g) Odor-control system location physically separated from wet well;illustration of Table 2-2,row 20. See Note 3-ft(0.9-m)radius from vent 3-ft(0.9-m)radius around equipment(Div.2) 3-ft(0.9-m) radius around equipment(Div.2) \ \�Grade Grade Grade S— " Ventilation D —/i Ventilation C Outdoor location Note: 3-ft(0.9-m)radius from vent Location of envelope if gas source is Class I,Div.1 5-ft(1.5-m)radius from vent 3-ft(0.9-m)radius from vent Location of envelope if gas source is Class I,Div.2 Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified 1999 Edition i 820-46 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES A-3-1 Additional information on sources of hazards ignition, sources of, and mitigation measures associated with liquid Figure A-4-2(a) Anaerobic digester with fixed or floating cover above stream treatment processes is contained in Appendix D. grade not enclosed in a building;illustration of Table 4-2(a),rows 15a A-3-2 See Figure A-3-2,which provides an example for Table 3-2. and 115b. A4-1 Additional information on sources of hazards, sources 1 of ignition, and mitigation measures associated with solids 15 It treatment processes is contained in Appendix D. (4.6 m) A-4-2 See Figures A42(a) through (g),which provide exam- ples for Table 4-2(a). 10ft (3.1 m) Gas Figure A-3-2 Primary sedimentation tank;illustration of Table 3-2,row 6. dome at highest 1.5 ft(0.5 m) elevation 10 ft(3.1 m) Cover Grade Sludge Tank gas interior _ piping Minimum Grade operating water level 5ft 17 5 ft \\5 ft (1.5 m) (1.5 m) (1.5 m) (1.5 m) ® ® Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified Figure A4-2(b) Anaerobic digester control building containing sludge gas piping and with ventilation A;illustration of Table 4-2(a),row 16a. 5I 5I (1.5 m)(1.5 m) 10-ft(3.1-m) 5-ft(1.5-m) radius(Div.2) —� radius(Div.1) 15 ft (4 (1 5 m) ft ft Sludge l dge (3.10 m) Gas dome f"I piping at highest 5 ft elevaiton (1.5 m) 5ft (1.5 m) 5 It (1.5 m) Grade Control building Anaerobic digester ft 5ft 5-ft(1.5-m) 5-ft(1.5-m)envelope (1.5 m) (1.5 m) envelope(Div.2) from door(Div.1) Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified 1999 Edition APPENDIX A 820-47 Figure A-4-2(c) Anaerobic digester control building containing sludge gas piping and with ventilation C;illustration of Table 4-2(a),row 16c. 5ft 5ft (1.5 m)(1.5 m) 1T (4 Physically loft separated (3.1 m) Gas dome Exhaust at highest fan elevation Supply Sludge gas piping fan Inside entire building Grade V// Control building Anaerobic digester I I I 511: 1511: (1.5 m)(1.5 m) Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified Figure A4-2(d) Anaerobic digester control building containing sludge gas—processing equipment physically separated and with ventilation B for the processing room and ventilation C for the control building;illustration of Table 4-2(a),rows 16c and 17b. 5ft 5ft (1.I m)(1.5 m) 5-ft(1.5-m) 1-�--t—� radius(Div.2)� \ Gas-processing equipment \ 15 ft (4 loft (3.1 m) Exhaust Physically Gas dome fan separated Sludge at highest gas elevation piping 10 ft (3.1 m) fan Grade /Anaerobic Digester lel Anaerobic digester ( I I digester gas- I \ I Su I fan control processing 5ft frompoutside 5ft 5ft building room (1.5 m) Supply of classified (1.5 m)(1.5 m) Ventilation C Ventilation B fan area Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified 1999 Edition 820-48 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Figure A4-2(e) Anaerobic digester control building containing sludge gas—processing equipment not physically separated and with ventilation A;illustration of Table 4-2(a),row 16. 5 f 5 f (1.5 mI I )I(1)5 m) radius(Div.2) \ 1 ft 5-ft(1.5-m) (4. m) radius(Div.1) 5 ft Sludge Exha st 10 ft (1.5 m) gas fan (3.1 m) piping Gas dome at 5 fthighest (1.5 m)L elevation 5ft (1.5 m) 5 (1.5 m) Sludge gas- processing equipment rade r I I I Control building Anaerobic digester 5-ft(1.5-m) 15-ft I(1.5-m)envelope 5 ft 5 ft envelope(Div.2) from door(Div.1) (1.5 m)(1.5 m) ® ® 0 Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified Figure A4-2(f) Underground tunnel containing natural gas or sludge Figure A4-2(g) Underground tunnel containing natural gas or sludge gas piping with ventilation D;illustration of Table 4-2(a),rows 20a gas piping with ventilation C;illustration of Table 4-2(a),rows 20c and 20b. and 20d. Grad Grad 10-ft(3.1-m)radius(Div.1) ONatural gas 10-ft(3.1-m)radius(Div.2) O Natural gas piping I piping Valve _ Valve O� as Digester O 9 9 Digester gas O piping piping O Drain r Drain 10-ft(3.1-m)radius(Div.1) 10-ft(3.1-m)radius(Div.2) Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified Division 1 Division 2 Unclassified 1999 Edition APPENDIX A 820-49 A-5-1 Additional information is contained in Appendix D. rotating biological contactors(RBC),bio-towers,trickling filters, A-54.1 For further information,see NFPA 328, Recommended inclined plate(tube)settlers,ventilation ducts,and other equip- Practice for the Control of IZammable and Combustible Liquids and equip- ment that might be subject to corrosion.Under normal operat mg conditions, these plastic or fiberglass-reinforced plastic Gases in Manholes, Sewers, and Similar Underground Structures. materials might be submerged. However, during maintenance A-54.2 Other types of detectors, such as heat and smoke or repair they can become exposed. During maintenance and detectors, have standards recommending spacing usually repair operation,extreme care should be taken with open flame based on a certain area per detector.There are no known rec- such as cutting torches, as these exposed plastic or fiberglass- ognized standards or guidelines for the locating or spacing of reinforced plastic materials might present a considerable fuel combustible gas detectors. load if ignited. Whether natural or mechanical, air movement is a very important consideration in installing combustible gas detec- A-7-3.3 Ventilation rates and procedures established by this tors. This aspect should be carefully investigated, including standard might not be sufficient to protect personnel from the effect of doors, windows, vents, and other openings. It exposure to toxic gases that might be present in enclosed could be necessary to conduct a ventilation study that could spaces. involve a nontoxic smoke movement analysis. A-8-2.1 Proper preventive maintenance of operating and fire Dispersion characteristics can also affect detector place- protection equipment,as well as operator training,are impor- ment.Vapors and gases will disperse inversely proportional to tant aspects of a viable fire prevention program. their specific density in a quiescent environment.Vapors and gases with densities less than that of air will diffuse quickly at A-8-3 A fire risk evaluation of the plant should result in recom- first until the vapor or gas becomes diluted. Heavier-than-air mendations to integrate the fire prevention and fire protec- vapors and gases will tend to settle at a low area and not diffuse tion required in this document into the plant specific into the atmosphere unless dispersed by ventilation or temper- considerations regarding design,layout,and anticipated oper- ature currents.Vapors with densities close to that of air will ating requirements. The evaluation should result in a list of exhibit little mixing effect and will be transported largely by recommended fire prevention features to be provided based air currents. on acceptable means for the separation or control of common There are various types of sensing devices.It is important and special hazards, the control or elimination of ignition to select the proper sensing device for each application and sources,and die suppression of fires. for the environment in which it will be placed. Most organic This evaluation should focus on materials of construction and inorganic compounds can be safely monitored with a cat- in ventilation systems and in processes that normally operate alytic combustion–type sensor.However,organic and metallic in a wet condition—for example, plastic media trickling fil- solvents containing lead, silicones, plasticizers, or halogens ters,bio-towers,and rotating biological contactors.These sys- can poison the catalytic element. terns and process units can represent a considerable fuel load A-5-5.3 In all cases, standard "Danger" signs identifying the if ignition occurs during operation.Maintenance,fire spread, purpose of the lights and audible alarms and warning against and smoke production should be considered in the selection entry when there is an alarm condition should be posted as of materials. near as practical to the warning devices. Consideration should also be given to locating process A-6-3.1 See Appendix C of this document and NFPA 328,Rec- areas—for example,screen room,areas containing gas man- ommendedPraclice forlheControlofFlammableandCombustibleLig- agement equipment, and so forth—that represent a signifi- uids and Gases in Manholes, Sewers, and Similar Underground cant explosion hazard remote from other- process areas to Structures. reduce the risk of consequent damage should an explosion occur. A-6-3.3.3.3 Plastic or fiberglass-reinforced plastic products are often used as materials of construction in unit processes such as A-84(7) For an example of a fire report,see Figure A-8-4(7). 1999 Edition 820-50 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Figure A-8-4(7) Sample fire report. Fire Report Name of company Date of fire Time of fire Operating facility Under construction? Plant or location where fire occurred Description of facility,fire area,or equipment(include nameplate rating)involved: j Cause of fire,such as probable ignition source,initial contributing fuel,equipment failure causing ignition,etc. Description of fire and events and conditions preceding,during,and after the fire Types and approximate quantities of portable extinguishing equipment used Fire extinguished with portable equipment only? Public fire department called? Employee fire brigade at the location? Qualified for incipient fires? Qualified for interior structural fires? Fixed fire-extinguishing equipment installed? Type of fined extinguishing system Automatic operation Manually actuated Both Specific types of detection devices Did fixed extinguishing system control fire? Extinguish fire? Control and extinguish fire? Did detection devices and extinguishing system function properly? If not,why not? Estimated direct damage due to fire $ ,or between$ and$ Estimated additional(consequential)loss $ Nature of additional loss Estimated time to complete repairs/replacement of damaged equipment/structure Number of persons injured Number of fatalities What corrective or preventive suggestions would you offer to other utilities with similar equipment,structures, or extinguishing systems? Submitted by Title 1999 Edition APPENDIX B 820-51 A-8-6.2 Once a detection system is installed, a preventive smoke in a very short time.In addition,PVC liberates hydro- maintenance program is essential.A detection system is only gen chloride (HCl) gas. Self-contained breathing apparatus as good as the care and maintenance it receives,which is espe- should be used by personnel attempting to extinguish cable cially true in harsh environments. When installing instru- tray fires. ments, ease of calibration and maintenance should be (b) Some sludge-drying and -composting processes (espe- considered.Periodic calibration,checks,and adjustments are cially solvent extraction drying,sludge-drying kilns,and in vessel necessary for detection to remain accurate.If instruments are composting systems)might produce a product that might be sub- inaccessible,it is more likely that maintenance procedures will ject to spontaneous combustion.Generally;water will be the most not be followed.Detectors should be located to prevent expo- effective fire-fighting agent in these areas.However,fires might be sure to physical damage from normal activities in the area. deep-seated in stockpiled products,which might have to be dis- Consideration should be given to the scope and limitations persed with front-end loaders or similar equipment to fully extin- of the listing for combustible gas detectors.For example,the guish smoldering and burning material. Hazardous Location Equipment Directory by Underwriters Labora- (c) Some chlorinated hydrocarbon products commonly tories Inc.offers guidance in maintaining and using combus- used as foam suppressants or flocculation agents in wastewater tible gas detectors. The following is extracted from the treatment might cause spontaneous combustion when in con- directory's product category guide for listed gas detectors tact with powdered disinfectants. These chemicals should be (JTPX). stored separately and care should be exercised in their use. Gas or vapor detectors should be calibrated and (d) Plastic or fiberglass-reinforced plastic materials used in inspected by the operator in compliance with the man- process units or ventilation systems might represent a consid- ufacturer's instructions, as performance of the instru- erable fuel load if ignited during operation or maintenance ments will depend on proper maintenance. The and might necessitate special response techniques. instruments should be calibrated with known gas— or A-8-9.1 NFPA 600, Standard on In.dustii.al Fire Brigades, and vapor—air mixtures at intervals and particularly after OSHA,29 CFR 1910.156,should be consulted. replaceable sensors incorporated in the detecting unit are replaced. Certain gases or vapors can adversely A-8-10 Federal regulations (40 CFR 761.30) specify that the affect (poison) the sensors and limit the use of the local fire department should be notified of the location of all instruments.Sampling atmospheres containing gases or PCB-filled transformers and other electrical equipment. vapors for which they have not been previously cali- brated should,therefore,be avoided. A-8-7 Impairments to fire protection systems should be as Appendix B Wastewater Treatment Processes short in duration as practicable.If the impairment is planned, all necessary parts and manpower should be assembled prior This appendix is not a part of the requirements of this ATPA doc- to removing the protection system from service. When an ument but is included for i?zpormation.al purposes only. impairment is not planned, the repair work should be expe- B-1 General. diced until repairs are completed. B-1.1 Wastewater. Wastewater is principally the spent water A-8-9 The size of the plant and its staff,the complexity of fire- supply of the community. It is used to flush and transport fighting problems,and the availability of a public fire depart- human wastes and the liquid wastes of commerce, industry, ment should determine the requirements for a fire brigade. and institutions.Groundwater,surface water,and storm water The organization of a fire brigade is encouraged for wastewa- might also be present. The primary purposes of wastewater ter treatment facilities located in remote areas. treatment are to protect the health and well-being of the com- If a fire brigade is provided,its organization and training munity and the quality of the receiving waterway.The extent should be identified in written procedures.The recommenda- or completeness of wastewater-treatment to accomplish these tions of NFPA 600, Standard on Industrial Fire Brigades, and purposes is governed by legislation and regulations and will OSHA, 29 CFR 1910.156, should be consulted for additional vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. information. The following items discuss special fire-fighting conditions 8-1.2 Elements of Wastewater Treatment. The principal ele- unique to wastewater facilities.This information might be use- ments of wastewater treatment are as follows: ful in fire brigade training and fire preplanning. (1) Preliminary treatment (a) Cable tray fires should be handled like any fire involy- (2) Primary treatment ing energized electrical equipment. It might not be practical (3) Secondary treatment or desirable to de-energize the cables involved in the fire. (4) Tertiary treatment Water is the most effective extinguishing agent for cable insu- (5) Disinfection lation fires,but it should be applied with an electrically safe (6) Sludge treatment nozzle. Some cable insulations [for example, polyvinyl chlo- A typical schematic flow and process diagram for a wastewa- ride (PVC), neoprene, or HypalonTM] can produce dense ter treatment plant is shown in Figure B-1.2. 1999 Edition 820-52 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Figure B-1.2 Typical schematic flow and process diagram of a wastewater treatment plant. Primary treatment Disposal i Secondary treatment i Tertiary treatment Scum skimmings Chemical feed&control Carbon facilities Trickling regeneration filters Raw I r — — wastewater Pumps Optional Prima q Nitrification/ Carbon Wet Grit Pre-aeration ry equalization Secondary Tertiary Screening settling settlin denitrification settlin adsorption well removal tank tan Aeration tankg tang Return tank Primary I sludge sludge Waste sludge I Waste sludge -- - --- - - -- - - -- - --11— — --- - - - Backwash Effluent filters Sludge thickening Chlorine contact tank Aerobic or Effluent anaerobic aerators Sludge digestion Ultimate disposal dewatering Final Backwash effluent waste Solids treatment To influent Holding tank Incinerator Ash disposal B-2 Preliminary Treatment. Preliminary treatment is the secondary treatment following primary treatment commonly conditioning of wastewater as it enters the wastewater treat- can achieve removal of a total of 90 percent of the influent sus- ment plant. Preliminary treatment removes materials that pended solids and biochemical oxygen demand of the raw might be harmful to or might adversely affect the operation of wastewater.Secondary treatment processes can be either bio- the treatment plant. Such material might include lumber, logical or physical chemical. cardboard, rags, stones, sand, plastic, grease, and scum. The methods and equipment used to remove these materials B4.1 Biological Treatment. Most municipal secondary treat- include bar racks, bar screens, and gravity or aerated grit ment processes are biological.These processes can be classi- chambers. fred as fixed film or suspended growth. In each process, a B-3 Primary Treatment. Primary treatment is first-stage sedi- mixed population of microorganisms is established in the mentation,in which settleable,suspended,and floating mate- presence of oxygen. These microorganisms metabolize the rial is removed from the wastewater following preliminary dissolved organic matter in the wastewater and form a biolog- treatment. Well-operated primary treatment facilities can ical mass. The effluent from fixed film or suspended growth remove as much as 60 percent of the influent suspended solids processes contains suspensions of biological solids.These Bol- and 30 percent of the influent biochemical oxygen demand. ids are removed from the treated wastewater in a secondary However,primary treatment does not remove colloidal or dis- sedimentation tank. solved solids. B4.2 Physical-Chemical Treatment. Physical-chemical treat- B4 Secondary Treatment. Secondary treatment is intended ment includes one or more physical-chemical unit processes to reduce the concentrations of the remaining suspended sol- to treat primary effluent.Such processes might include chem- ids and the dissolved and colloidal organic matter in the waste- ical coagulation, precipitation, and filtration to remove sus- water.Such material is not removed to any significant degree pended matter and activated carbon adsorption to remove in primary treatment. A wastewater treatment plant having soluble organics. 1999 Edition APPENDIX C 820-53 B-5 Tertiary Treatment. Tertiary treatment is used as neces- C-2 Materials of Construction. sary to reduce the concentration of inorganic and organic C-2.1 Some materials commonly used in sewer construction constituents below the concentrations achievable through sec- ondary treatment. Tertiary treatment also includes the are vulnerable to attack from environmental conditions com- removal r nitrogen and phosphorus t additional process monly found in collection systems but might provide resistance unit operations.Tertiary treatment processes can be physical, to damage from fire. Other materials might be vulnerable to chemical,biological, a a combination. structural damage from fire but provide protection against long-term structural failure from corrosion. B-6 Disinfection. Disinfection is necessary to destroy patho- C-2.2 For additional information on corrosion control, see genic bacteria,viruses,and amoebic cysts commonly found in National Association of Corrosion Engineers Recommended wastewater. Disinfection processes can be chemical, such as practices RP01 series and die appropriate Water Environment ozonation or chlorination,or physical,such as ultraviolet irra- Federation publications. diation. Chemical disinfection using chlorine and, infre- quently,ozone are the most widely used means of wastewater C-3 Materials Risk Assessment. disinfection. C-3.1 The materials risk assessment should include an evalua- B-7 Sludge Treatment. tion of all factors that could potentially affect the safety and B-7.1 Sludge Stabilization. Sludge is the settled solids accu- long-term functioning of the collection system. Factors to be considered should include both of the following: mulated and subsequently separated from the liquid during various wastewater treatment processes.Sludge handling and (a) The potential that flammable liquids can enter the sys- disposal is the most difficult,important,and costly part of the tem from identifiable sources.As an example,a system serving wastewater treatment process.Sludge treatment typically con- a combined system or a system serving commercial and indus- sists of stabilization followed by dewatering prior to disposal. trial dischargers might be more vulnerable to exposure to Sludge can be stabilized under either anaerobic or aerobic floating flammable materials than separate systems serving conditions. Anaerobic sludge digestion takes place in the residential communities. absence of free oxygen. The solid end product of anaerobic (b) The potential for the development of conditions that digestion is relatively nonputrescible and inoffensive.The off- might promote attack to materials vulnerable to corrosive gas produced in anaerobic sludge digestion contains about 65 agents. Experience with existing conditions within the com- percent methane and can be collected and burned as a fuel. munity and with existing systems with similar characteristics B-7.2 Sludge Dewatering. Both anaerobic and aerobic diges- should be taken into full account. tion result in a reduction in the total volume and weight of the C-3.2 The materials risk assessment should consider the long- excess organic matter. It is often desirable, before final dis- term threat that flammable, corrosive, and explosive agents posal,to further reduce the volume and weight of sludge and present to the community and to the system's ability to serve to change it from a liquid that is more than 95 percent water the community before a final selection is made. It is recom- to a semisolid form.Dewatering can be accomplished by using mended that the materials risk assessment be presented to drying beds, vacuum filters, centrifuges, filter presses, or local authorities for review and comment before the final mechanical gravity units. The dewatering operation often is selection of materials of construction is completed. enhanced by chemically conditioning the sludge before dewa- C4 Examples. tering. The conditioning can include a thickening step that can be gravity or air flotation.Thermal conditioning can also C4.1 Storm sewers serving locations such as residential areas be used to prepare sludge for dewatering. and areas where significant quantities of flarnmable or com- bustible materials are not expected to enter the sewer system, B-7.3 Sludge Cake Disposal. After sludge has been dewa- sewers, and appurtenant structures could be constructed of tered,it is identified as sludge cake.This material is disposed any appropriate material. of by several different methods. It can be incinerated to reduce the volume to ash—approximately 10 percent of the C4.2 Storm sewers serving locations such as commercial and original cake.The heat of this combustion can be utilized to industrial areas or areas where there is a possibility that signif- produce steam for process and building heat.The cake can be icant quantities of flammable or combustible materials could composted to produce a soil conditioner.Cake can be spread enter the sewer system through illicit discharges,curb inlets, directly on land for agricultural use or it can be landfilled as a leaking underground storage tanks, or broken pipes,sewers, waste material. and associated structures might be exposed to considerable risk of fire.Materials meeting the definitions of noncombusti- ble,limited-combustible,or low flame spread might be appro- Appendix C Selection of Collection priate. System Materials C4.3 Where conditions or applications warrant selection of other materials for storm sewer piping and appurtenant struc- This appendix is not a dart of the requirements of this NFPA doc- tures, consideration to flame spread, smoke generation, and ument but is included for informational purposes only. the impact that fire or explosion will have on the structural C-1 General. Wastewater collection systems might or might integrity and operability of the sewer system and the economic not be vulnerable to the introduction of flammable liquids and environmental consequences of having the sewer system into the wastewater. These liquids, if lighter than water, will out of service should be included in the materials risk assess- float and collect on the surface.The presence of these materi- ment. als can present a threat to the integrity of the collection system C-4.4 Separate sanitary sewers serving locations such as resi- should ignition occur. dential areas and areas where significant quantities of flamma- 1999 Edition 820-54 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES ble or combustible materials are not expected to enter the released, they will rapidly rise and diffuse above the point of sewer system,sewers,and appurtenant structures can be con- leakage.Flammable mixtures are produced when these gases structed of any appropriate material. are mixed with air within certain limits.These mixtures can be C4.5 Separate sanitary sewers serving locations such as com- considered suffocating gases. mercial and industrial areas or areas where there is some pos- D-2.2 Sludge Gases. These flammable gases result from the sibility that significant quantities of flammable or combustible fermentation or anaerobic decomposition of organic matter. materials could enter the sewer system from illicit discharges, Explosive conditions, especially concerning compression and leaking underground storage tanks, or broken pipes,sewers, storage,can result when these gases are mixed with air. and appurtenant structures might be exposed to some risk of D-2.3 Sewer Gases. These flammable gases result from the fire.Materials meeting the definitions of noncombustible,lim- fermentation or decomposition of organic matter. Explosive ited-combustible,or low flame spread might be appropriate. conditions, especially concerning the screening, degritting, C-4.6 Where applications warrant selection of other materials and primary clarification processes, might result when these for separate sanitary sewer piping and appurtenant structures, gases are mixed with air. consideration to flame spread, smoke generation, and the D-2.4 Unit Processes. Special consideration should be given impact that a fire or explosion will have on the structural to the following unit processes associated with solids treatment. integrity and operability of the sewer system and the economic and environmental consequences of having the sewer system (a) Scum pits collect scum, grease, and other floating out of service should be included in the materials risk assess- flammable liquids from the surface of sedimentation tanks. ment. Special consideration should be given to equipment located in C4.7 Where combined sewers are designed to collect both these areas because of potential explosion and fire hazards. wastewater and storm water,or where there is a possibility that (b) Sumps and tanks that collect drainage from anaerobic significant quantities of flammable or combustible materials sludge treatment processes or that store, mix, and blend could enter the sewer system by means of curb inlets,illicit dis- sludge might also collect significant volumes of sludge gas. charges,leaking underground storage tanks,or broken pipes, Special consideration should be given to equipment located in all sewers and other appurtenant structures can be exposed to these areas because of the potential for explosion. considerable risk of fire.Materials meeting the definitions of (c) Anaerobic digesters are unit processes specifically noncombustible, limited-combustible, or low flame spread designed to produce sludge gas from the fermentation or might be appropriate. anaerobic decomposition of organic matter. The sludge gas normally contains significant volumes of methane as a by- G4.8 Where conditions or applications warrant selection of product of the anaerobic digestion process.Special consider- other materials for combined sewer piping and appurtenant ation should be given to equipment located in and around structures,consideration to flame spread,smoke generation, anaerobic digesters because of the potential for explosion. and the impact that a fire or explosion will have on the struc- (d) Solvent extraction and dehydration processes can pro- tur al integrity and operability of the sewer system and the eco- duce a very dry organic dust as a by-product.Special consider- nomic and environmental consequences of having the sewer ation should be given to equipment located in dust-handling system out of service should be included in the materials risk areas because of the potential for explosion. assessment. (e) Incinerators used to burn scum or sludge cake are igni- tion g tion sources when in operation.Special consideration should be given in construction of incineration buildings and in stor- y Appendix D Chemical and Fuel Fire/Explosion age of combustible materials in incineration areas. Hazards (f) Sludge-dewatering and sludge-cake conveyance equip- ment generate sludge cake and convey it to its final destina- 7his appendix is not a part of the requirements of this NTPA doc- tion (e.g., incineration, landfill, etc.). Dried cake can be a umenl but is included for informational purposes only. combustible material. Special consideration should be given D-1 General Information. in construction, operation, maintenance, and housekeeping of the equipment and surrounding areas. D-1.1 This appendix provides guidelines for protection (g) pumping stations that handle raw wastewater should against fire and explosion in die chemical-and fuel-handling be classified in the same manner as wastewater pumping sta- and storage facilities.This appendix does not include gas uti- tions(see Chapter-2).In-plant pumping stations should be clas- lization equipment, vehicle maintenance areas, or laborato- sified depending on their location in the process train and the ries. Table D-1.1 summarizes the various hazards associated type of material handled.Restrictive classifications are gener- with chemical-and fuel-handling and storage facilities. ally not necessary for pumping stations that handle fully D-1.2 This appendix also contains additional information on treated wastewater. specific areas or unit operations associated with the storage (h) Grit chambers or screening equipment that is housed and handling of chemicals and fuels commonly used in in a building or in belowgrade pits might be subject to the municipal wastewater treatment plants. same fire and explosion hazards as pumping station wet wells. D-2 Sources of Hazards. See Table D-2. (i) Imhoff tanks and other similar processes can combine the wastewater liquids and solids treatment streams in a single D-2.1 Fuel Gases. Fuel gases include natural gas, manufac- vessel. Special consideration should be given to equipment tured gas,sewer gas,liquefied petroleum gas—air mixtures,liq- located in or around Imhoff tanks or similar processes because uefred petroleum gas in the vapor phase, mixtures of these of the generation of methane gas from anaerobic solids diges- gases, and floating flammable liquids. Some of these gases tion processes within the vessel and the possibility of volatile have specific gravities lower than that of air so that, when substances being released from the wastewater. 1999 Edition APPENDIX D 820-55 Table D-1.1 Chemical and Fuel Fire/Explosion Hazards A B C D E F G Material of NEGArea Electrical Construction for Materials and Fire and Explosion Extent of Classification(All Buildings or Fire Protection Function Hazard Ventilation Classified Area Class I,Group D) Structures Measures ALCOHOL Flammable vapors See NFPA 30 1 Used in some ter- tiary treatment CHLORINE (Gas) Aids combustion; NR NR Refer to Chlorine NR(This equip- NR Chlorination of oxidizer,toxic Institute ment handles a water corrosive chemical that necessitates 2 the use of specific materials of con- struction.Special consideration should be given to these materials of construction.) OXYGEN Aids combustion; See NFPA 50 and NFPA 53 NR NR 3 Used in aeration oxidizer basins(See Chapter 3.) DIESEL FUEL, Various See NFPA 30 and NFPA 513 NR Indoors;FSS GASOLINE,AND and FE;out- 4 MOTOR OILS doors,FE Fuels for equip- ment. LIQUEFIED Flammable gas NR(stored See NFPA 58 NR FE 5 PETROLEUM outdoors) GAS OXYGEN GENER- Aids combustion; See NFPA 50 and NFPA 53 NR FSS (if 6 ATION AND oxidizer,oxygen- indoors),H, STORAGE enriched areas and FE OZONE GENERA-Aids combustion; See NFPA 50 and NFPA 53 NR FSS (if 7 TION oxidizer,toxic indoors),H, and FE ACTIVATED Combustible NR NR NR NR NR CARBON 8 (powdered or pulverized) FE—Portable fire extinguisher FSS—Fire suppression system (e.g.,automatic sprinkler,water spray,foam,gaseous,or dry chemical) H—Hydrant protection (see 5-2.4) NEC—See NFPA 70,National Electrical Code NR—No requirement 1999 Edition 820-56 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Table D-2 Gases Commonly Found in Wastewater Treatment Explosive Limits (%vol) Densityl Name Heavier/ (Chemical Lighter Formula) LEL UEL than Air Sources Atnmonia2 (NH3) 16 25 L Storage tank leaks Chlorines (C12) Nonflammable H Disinfection processes Storage tanks Gasoline' (C3H12 1.3 7.1 H Storage tanks —CsH2o) Tank truck spills Hydrogen chlo- Nonflammable H Storage tank ride (HCI) leaks Ceramic diffuser cleaning Hydrogen 4.0 44 H Sewer gas sulftde2,4 (H2S) Sludge gas Natural gas2 3.8-6.5 13-17 L Gas-piping leaks Nitrogen (N2) Nonflammable L Storage tanks Oxygen genera- tion processes Denitrification processes Oxygen' (02) Nonflammable H Generation of oxygen on site Activated sludge processes Storage tanks Sludge processes Ozone' (03) Nonflammable H Disinfection processes On-site genera- tion processes Sewer gas" 5.3 19.3 H Sewer systems Sludge gash 5 15 L Sludge digestion processes Sulfur dioxide Nonflammable H Dechlorination (SO2) processes Storage tanks 'The table lists the physical properties at standard temperature and pressure.Due to actual field con- ditions,these gases might disperse and might be present throughout the structure. 2Source:NFPA 325, Guide to Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids,Gases,and Volatile Solids. 'These gases accelerate combustion. 4Rarely reaches explosive concentration in wastewater treatment plants. 5Contains approximately 70 percent carbon dioxide,5 percent methane,and 25 percent other gases. (Source:US EPA) 6Contains approximately 65 percent methane,30 percent carbon dioxide,and 5 percent other gases. (Source:US EPA) 1999 Edition APPENDIX D 820-57 0) The primary sedimentation tank might collect and explosive conditions when either acting alone or mixed with concentrate floating flammable liquids. other gaseous organic substances: (k) Secondary and tertiary sedimentation tanks and aera- (1) Laboratory analysis and instrumentation calibration tion tanks not preceded by primary sedimentation can be sub- (hydrogen,methane,etc.) ject to the same fire and explosion hazards as primary sedimentation tanks because of the potential of floating flam- (2) Wastewater treatment plant unit processes (chlorine, mable liquids collecting on the surface. Where bypassing of ozone,etc.) primary sedimentation is possible,although not normally uti- (3) Welding operations (acetylene,oxygen,etc.) lized,secondary and tertiary sedimentation tanks and aeration Fuel gases, including natural gas, manufactured gas, and tanks might not be subject to the same fire and explosion liquefied petroleum gas, used as fuels for wastewater treat- potential as primary sedimentation. ment plant equipment can cause flammable/explosive condi- (1) Unit processes employing oxygen-enriched atino- tions when improperly used,handled,or stored.Appropriate spheres necessitate special consideration. Covered facilities measures should be taken to prevent the accumulation of haz- mightbe unclassified above the covering deck. However, any ardous gases, including ventilation, proper storage, and safe equipment or instrumentation housed under the cover within handling/distribution systems. For additional guidance, see the reactor space should be suitable for exposure to volatile NFPA 55, Standard for the Storage, Use, and Handling of Com- hydrocarbons in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere. Oxygen pressed and Liquefied Gases in.Portable Cylinders,and NFPA 59A, itself is not flammable.However,increased concentrations of Standardforthe Production,Storage,and HandlingofLiquepedNat- oxygen greatly increase the fire hazard.Oxygen aeration tanks ural Gas(LNG).In processes where explosive mixtures cannot and other similar processes should be equipped with continu- be prevented,explosion venting or protection systems should ously operating hydrocarbon LEL monitoring devices that will be provided. See NFPA 68, Guide for Venting of Deflagration, automatically cut off the oxygen supply and purge reactor and NFPA 69,Standard on Explosion.Prevention Systems,for addi- gases with atmospheric air when 25 percent LEL conditions tionalguidance. are registered.With the exception of purging equipment,all associated aeration equipment should automatically shut off D-2.7 Liquids. The disposal of waste chemical products through when 50 percent LEL conditions are registered to remove all sewers and into wastewater treatment plants,and the disposal of possible sources of ignition. waste chemical products and scurn skimmed from sedimentation (m)Galleries and other connecting structures that contain tanks,can be potential sources or contributing causes of fire and pipes transporting flammable gases or liquids necessitate spe- explosive conditions.Hydrocarbon liquids such as gasoline,kero- tial consideration in design and fire protection. sene,oils,and various chemicals either sent to sewers and drains (n) Plastic media or wood for trickling filters,rotating bio- or used forvarious applications at wastewater treatment plants can logical contactors,bio-towers,and other fixed-film systems are also provide flammable vapor concentrations at certain locations. not a significant hazard in normal operations.However,these For additional information,see NFPA 30,Flammable and Combusti- materials are normally classified as combustible and can con- ble Liquids Code,and NFPA 329,Recommended Practice for-Handling tribute a considerable fuel load if ignited under certain condi- Releases of Mmmable and Combustible Liquids and Gases. Areas of tions, such as during maintenance and construction. Some wastewater treatment plants as identified and classified in Tables fixed-film treatment systems are anaerobic and produce a 2-2,3-2,42(a),and 4-2(b),especially areas of primary treatment, combustible gas by-product,which aggravates the hazard for should be protected as flammable liquid hazards. such enclosures containing these materials. D-2.8 Finely Divided Solids and Dusts. Finely divided solids D-2.5 Chemicals. Wastewater treatment plants use a variety of used in various wastewater treatment processes, especially gaseous, solid, and liquid chemicals that by themselves or sludge dehydration processing,or dust by-products produced when mixed with oxygen or other chemicals can be a potential by such processes can be combustible or cause potential flam- source of fire,explosion,or both.Additional information can mable and explosive conditions. Process areas should be be found in NFPA 45,Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories cleaned on a regular schedule to prevent the accumulation of Using Chemicals,NFPA 49,Hazardous Chemicals Data;NFPA 497, hazardous concentrations of dust.Equipment handling finely Recommended Practice for the Classification of Flammable Liquids, divided solids should be designed and installed in a manner Gases, or Vapors and of Hazardous(Classified)Locations forElectri- that protects against the hazards of fire and explosion.Addi- cal Installations in Chemical Process Areas,and NFPA 499,Recom- tional information can be found in NFPA 61, Standard for the mended Practice for the Classifzcation of Combustible Dusts and of Prevention. of Fires and Dust Explosions in Agricultural and Food Hazardous(Classified)Locations for Electrical Installations in Chem- Products Facilities;NFPA 91, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air icalProcess Areas.Chemicals should be handled,processed,and Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate stored in a manner that eliminates or significantly reduces the Solids;and NFPA 8503,Standard for Pulverized Fuel Systems. hazard to the wastewater treatment facility and personnel and is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. Chemicals D-2.9 Materials. Certain materials are used in wastewater should be properly labeled to identify the materials and haz- treatment plants because of humid or corrosive atmospheres, ards,and materials safety data sheets should be made available including wood,plastic,fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRFs), to all personnel. paints and coatings,insulating material,and furnishings,can be combustible, limited-combustible, or low flame spread D-2.6 Hazardous Gases. Sewer and sludge gases are flamma- under certain conditions.Some of these materials can present ble gases generated by the fermentation or decomposition of a considerable fuel load if ignited. Buildings and structures organic matter. Explosive conditions, especially concerning should be provided with fire protection in accordance with screening, degritting, primary clarification, and the anaerobic Chapter 6. Areas where materials are stored should be pro- digestion process,can resultwhen these gases are mixed with air. vided with appropriate fire protection approved by the author- Specialty gases utilized for the following can form flammable/ ity having jurisdiction.For additional guidance,see NFPA 13, 1999 Edition 820-58 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Standard for the Installation,of Sprinkler Systems, and NFPA 230, spontaneous combustion) to explosion.Chemicals should be Standard for the Tire Protection of Storage. identified and stored in a proper manner. Noncompatible D-3 Conditions for and Sources of Ignition. The potential igni- chemical combinations should be identified and segregated tion of flammable gases,liquids,and solids,including dusts,that storage should be provided.See NFPA 491, Guide to Hazardous can be found at a wastewater treatment plant is limited by certain Chemical Reactions,for additional information. fundamental conditions.Gases and generated vapors need to be D4 Mitigation Measures. Mitigation of either hazards or mixed with air or an oxidizer to form a flammable mixture that potential ignition sources is achieved with a commonly pre- needs heat of sufficient intensity for ignition.The ignition tem- ferred method of copious flushing with air (i.e.,ventilation). perature of a combustible solid is influenced by the rates of air- In the event that a foreign combustible material enters the flow and heating as well as the geometry of the rates of airflow sewer system,removal by vacuum or coverage with foam might and heating and the geometry of the solid. Ignition can result become necessary. Whenever possible, such entry is to be from one or more of the following causes: avoided by containment and adsorption.Appropriate use of a (1) Open flames or hot surfaces combustible gas detector is warranted as a minimal precaution (2) Electrical arc preceding personnel entry into a collection system.The pres- (3) Sparks ence of toxic gases should be considered when entering any (4) Chemical reaction confined space. D-3.1 Open Flames and Hot Surfaces. Open flames and hot D-5 Storage and Production Facilities. Special consideration surfaces might be encountered during normal operation, should be given to the following facilities associated with the stor- repair and maintenance operations, or with malfunctioning age and production of chemicals and fuels used in the treatment equipment and appliances within a wastewater treatment of municipal wastewater. plant.Sources of ignition might include welding tasks,boilers, D-5.1 Oxygen generation, storage, and handling facilities incinerators, kerosene-type lanterns, internal combustion necessitate special consideration.Although oxygen is not itself engines, and smoking by personnel. Equipment producing flammable, it does support combustion, and increased con- open flames or hot surfaces capable of producing ignition centration of oxygen greatly increases the fire hazard. See should be properly installed, maintained, and isolated from NFPA 50,Standard for Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites. potential hazards.For additional guidance,see NFPA 31,Stan- dard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment;NFPA 37,Stan- D-5.2 Ozone is generated by passing oxygen through an elec- dard for the Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines tric field. As with oxygen-generating facilities, there is an and Gas Turbines;NFPA 82, Standard on Incinerators and Waste increased fire hazard. Ozonation facilities necessitate special and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment;NFPA 8501, Stan- consideration because of the extreme heat and electric field dard for Single Burner Boiler Operation;and NFPA 8502,Standard generated and the additional concern for the extreme caro- for the Prevention of Furnace Explosions/Implosions in Multiple sivity and toxicity of ozone.See NFPA 50,Standard for Bulk Oxy- Burner Boilers.Smoking should be prohibited in all hazardous gen Systems at Consumer Sites. areas. D-5.3 Chlorine is a very reactive chemical and necessitates D-3.2 Electrical Arc. Sustained arcing faults can cause exten- special consideration in storing and handling. Chlorine in sive damage to electrical switchgear and motor control cen- combination with other chemicals can produce sufficient heat ters. This arcing might provide sufficient heat to ignite to cause combustion of flammable materials. Chlorine and flammable gases or vapors present or generated as a result of other reactive chemicals should always be stored separately. the arc(e.g.,pyrolysis of insulating material).Electrical equip- (See information from the Chlorine Institute.) ment should be properly maintained in good operating con- D-5.4 Activated carbon stored in bulk or in bags can provide dition.Faulty equipment should be removed from service.See a source of combustible material that can add a considerable NFPA 70B,Recommended Practice forllectrical Equipment Mairrte fuel load if ignited. Special consideration should be given to n.ance,for additional guidance. equipment located in activated carbon-handling areas or acti- D-3.3 Sparks. Sparks generated by the following can be a vated carbon storage facilities because of the potential for fire. source of ignition for gases of flammable vapors: (1) Defective or worn electrical and mechanical equipment (2) Activities performed by personnel Appendix E List of Associations and Abbreviations (3) Static electricity Fire prevention practices to eliminate or control this haz_ This appendix is not a part of the requirements of this NFPA doc- ard should include a preventative maintenance program,the ument but is included for informational purposes only. use of nonsparking tools, and the provision of bonding and E-1 Association Addresses. The associations and their addresses grounding conductors in hazardous areas. See NFPA 77,Rec- are listed as follows. omrnended Practice on Static Electricity,for additional guidance. (1) ANSI. American National Standards Institute, Inc., 11 D-3.4 Chemical Reaction. Fire and explosion can be the result West 42nd Street, 13th floor,New York,NY 10036. of the chemical reaction of substances that are as follows: (2) EPA.Environmental Protection Agency,Municipal Tech- (]) Introduced in the wastewater treatment plant influent nology Branch (4204), 401 M Street, SW, Washington, (2) Used for laboratory analysis DC 20460. (3) Necessary to various unit processes (3) FMRC.Factory Mutual Research Corporation, 1151 Bos- (4) Produced as by-products ton-Providence Turnpike,Norwood,MA 02061-9102. Potential chemical reactions can cause hazardous condi- (4) NFPA. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Battery- tions that range in severity from the generation of flames (i.e., march Park,P.O.Box 9101,Quincy;MA 02269-9101. 1999 Edition APPENDIX G 820....59 (5) OSHA. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, NFPA 491,Guide,to Hazardous Chemical Reactions,1997 edition. U.S.Department of Labor;200 Constitution Avenue,NW, NFPA 497,Recommended Practice for the Classf cation of Flam- Washington,DC 20001. mable Liquids, Gases, or l/apors and of Hazardous(Classified)Loca- (6) UL.Underwriters Laboratories Inc.,333 Pfingsten Road, tions for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas, 1997 Northbrook,IL 60062. edition. (7) WEE Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, NFPA 499,Recommended Practice for the Classification of Com- Alexandria,VA 22314-1994(formerly WPCF,Water Pollu- bustible Dusts and of Hazardous(Classified)Locations for Electrical tion Control Federation). Installations in Chemical Process Areas, 1997 edition. NFPA 513,Standard forMotorFreight Terminals,1998 edition. Appendix F Referenced Publications NFPA 600,Standard on Industrial Fire Brigades, 1996 edition. NFPA 8501,Standard for Single Burner Boiler Operation, 1997 F-1 The following documents or portions thereof are refer- edition. enced within this standard for informational purposes only NFPA 8502,Standard for the Prevention.of Furnace Explosions/ and are thus not considered part of the requirements of this Implosions in Multiple Burner Boilers,1999 edition. standard unless also listed in Chapter 9.The edition indicated NFPA 8503,Standard forPulverixed Fuel Systems, 1997 edition. here for each reference is the current edition as of the date of F-1.2 Other Publications. the NFPA issuance of this standard. F-1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Associa- F-1.2.1 Chlorine Institute Publication. The Chlorine Listitute,tion,1 Batterymarch Park,P.O.Box 9101,Quincy,DIA 02269- 342 Madison Avenue,New York,NY 10017. 9101. Properties of Chlorine. NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, F-1.2.2 NACE Publication. National Association of Corro- 1999 edition. Sion Engineers, 1400 South Creek Drive,Houston,TX 77084. NFPA 30,Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code,1996 edition. Recommended Practices RP01 series. NFPA 31, Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equip- ment, 1997 edition. F-1.2.3 UL Publication. Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 NFPA 37, Standard for the Installation and Use of Stationary Pfingsten Road,Northbrook,IL 60062. Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines, 1998 edition. Hazardous Location.Equipment Directory. NFPA 45, Standard on.Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals, 1996 edition. F-1.2.4 U.S.Government Publications. U.S. Government Print- NFPA rintNFPA 49,Hazardous Chemicals Data, 1994 edition. ing Office,Washington,DC 20402. NFPA 50, Standard for Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites, Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations,Part 761.30. 1996 edition. OSHA,Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations,Part 1910.156. NFPA 53,Recommended Practice on Materials,Equipment, and Systems Used in Oxygen-E,nriched Atmospheres, 1999 edition. NFPA 55, Standard for-the Storage, Use, and Handling of Com- Appendix G Informational Publications Pressed and Liquefied Gases in.Portable Cylinders, 1998 edition. NFPA 58,Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code, 1998 edition. NFPA 59A,Standard for-the Production, Storage, and Handling This appendix is not a pari of the requirements of this NFPA doc of Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG), 1996 edition. ument but is included for inform.a.tonal purposes only. NFPA 61, Standard for the Prevention of Fires and Dust Explo- G-1 Additional Reading. sions in Agricultural and Food Products Facilities, 1999 edition. 1. Great Lakes Upper Mississippi Board of State Public NFPA 68, Guide for Venting ofDeflagrations, 1998 edition. Health and Environmental Managers, Recommended Standards NFPA69,Standard on Explosion Prevention.Systems,1997edition. for Wastewater Facilities (10 State Standard), Health Education NFPA 70,National Electrical Code® 1999 edition. Services,Albany,NY, 1990. NFPA 70B, Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment 2. Kavassik,Igor J.,William C.Krutzsch,Warren H.Fraser, Maintenance, 1998 edition. and Joseph Messina, Pump Handbook,McGraw-Hill,Inc.,New NFPA 77,ReconzmendedFractice on Static Electricity,1993 edition. York, 1986. NFPA 82,Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Han- 3. Metcalf and Eddy, Inc.,Wastewater Engineering: Collection dling Systems and Equipment, 1999 edition. and Pumping of Wastewater;McGraw-Hill,Inc.,New York, 1981. NFPA 91, Standard for-Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of 4. Metcalf and Eddy,Inc., Wastewater Engineering:Treatment, Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids, 1999 Disposal and Reuse (3rd ed.), McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, edition. 1985. NFPA 230,Standardfor theFire Protection ofStorage,1999 edition. 5. Sanks,Robert L.,George Tchobanoglous,Donald New- NFPA 325, Guide to Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liq- ton,Bayard E.Bosserman,and Garr M.Jones,Pumping Station uids, Gases, and Volatile Solids, 1994 edition. Design,Butterworth Publishers,Stoneham,MA,1989. NFPA 328, Recommended,Practice for the Control of Flammable 6. Water Pollution Control Federation, Wasteruater Treat- and Combustible Liquids and Gases in Manholes, Sewers, and Sinai- ment Plant Design,Manual of Practice#8,Alexandria,VA,1990. lar Underground Structures,1992 edition. 7. Water Pollution Control Federation, Wastewater Treat- NFPA 329,RecommendedPracticeforHandliragReleasesofFlam- meat Plant Operations,Manual of Practice#11,Alexandria,VA mable and Combustible Liquids and Gases, 1999 edition. 1990. 1999 Edition 820-60 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Index ©1999 National Fire Protection Association.All Rights Reserved. The copyright in this index is separate and distinct from the copyright in the document that it indexes.The licensing provisions set forth for the document are not applicable to this index.This index may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means without the express written per- mission of the National Fire Protection Association,Inc. A_ Building sewers ..................................Table 2-2(7) Definition............................................ 1-5 Abbreviations,list of...................................App.E Buildings/structures Valve vaults ...................... Table 2-2(30),Fig.A-2-2(d) A alareas Anaerobic digester control...................Table 4-2(a)(16) Valve vaults Ventilation rates............................Table 7-3.1.1(3) Coarse and fine screenings—handling ...........Table 4-2(a)(1) Wastewater pumping stations ..............Table 2-2(18),(19), Construction materials ......................6-3.3,A-6-3.3.3.3 Figs.A-2-2(d),(f) Control structures........................Table 2-2(27), (33) Access,fire-fighting """"."'.....""""""'8-8(4),8-9.2 Definition............................................ 1-5 g Activated carbon............................ D-5.4,Table D-1.1 Dewatering................................Table 4-2 a (12 ) Definition ............................................1-5 Diversion structures.......................Table 2-2(25),(29) Activated sludge definition ..............1.5 Effluent .....................................Table 3-2(25) Adjacent definition 1-5 Gritliandling.......................D-2.4(h),Table 4-2(a)(2) Administrative controls................................Chap.8 Incinerator......................... 6-3.3.5,Table 4-2(a)(13) Advanced(tertiary)wastewater treatment ...... B-5;see also Tertiary Scum-handling..............................Table 4-2(a)(3) sedimentation tanks Definition ............................................1-5 C Aeration basins.............................Table 3-2(7)to(9) Aeration tanks,oxygen...........................Table 3-2(13) Cable tray fires......................................A-8-9(a) Aerobic fixed film systems........................Table 3-2(10) Carbon,activated... ......................see Activated carbon Aerobic suspended growth systems.............Table 3-2(7) to(9) Carbon columns or tanksTable 3-2(21) ......................... Air supply systems............................. see Ventilation Catch basins...............................Table 2-2(24),6-3.1 Alarm systems.....................................5-3,8-8(l) Cellular plastic materials.......... ... 6-3.3.7 Ventilation system failure....................5-5,7-2.9,A-5-5.3 Centrifuges.....................................•....••..Table 4-2(a)(12) Alcohol..........................................Table D-1.1 Definition............................................ 1-5 Alternative methods.................................... 1-1.2 Chambers Ammonia......................................... Table D-2 Grit.............................................D-2.4(h) Ammonia stripping towers........................Table 3-2(18) Definition.......................................... 1-5 Anaerobic digesters............ 6-3.3.5,D-2.4(c),Table 4-2(a)(15), Junction................................Table 2-2(22),6-3.1 Fig.A-4-2(a) Screening Control buildings.........Table 4-2(a)(16),Figs.A-4-2(b)to(e) Gas storage ............................... Table 4-2(a)(18) Definition.......................................... 1-5 Anaerobic digestion definition 1-5 Ventilation rates ...........................Table 7-3.1(1) Anaerobic fixed film systems..............D-2.4(n),Table 3-2(11) Chemical reactions .................................... D-3.4 Anaerobic towers................................Table 3-2(11) Chemical storage and handling facilities..........A-8-9(c),App.D Anaerobic waste treatment............................D-2.4(b) Chlorine..........................D-5.3,Table D-1.1,Table D-2 Definition ............................................1-5 Breakpoint chlorination tanks...................Table 3=2(17) Ancillary structure .......................................1-5 Contact tanks.................................Table 3-2(17) Application of standard..............................1-3,A-1-3 Oxidation units............................Table 4-2(a)(19) Approved(definition) ...............................1-5,A-1-5 Coarse and fine screen facilities........ Table 2-2(38),Table 3-2(1) Asphyxiating atmospheres,and construction materials........ 6-1.2 Coarse and fine screenings—handling buildings .....Table 4-2(a)(1) Associations,list of....................................App.E Coatings,interior................................. 6-1.1,D-2.9 Authority having jurisdiction(definition)................1-5,A-1-5 Collection systems...........................Chap.2,Table 2-2 Fire and explosion prevention and protection......... Chap.5, B A-54.1,A-5-4.2,A-5-5.3 Material selection for ...............................App.C Backwash water holding tanks.....................Table 3-2(23) Collector sewers(definition) .............................. 1-5 Basins Combined sewers................................Table 2-2(15) Aeration ..............................Table 3-2(7),(8),(9) Construction materials .........................0-4.7 to C-4.8 Catch..................................Table 2-2(24),6-3.1 Definition............................................ 1-5 Holding.....................Table 2-2(34),(35),Fig.A-2-2(c) Combustible dust... ...........see Dust,combustible or explosive Belowgrade spaces ............................see also Tunnels Combustible gas detectors ......5-4,7-3.3(3),8-6.3,A-5-4.1,A-54.2, Grit chambers or screening equipment in pits..........D-2.4(h) A-8-6.2,D4 Vaults....Table 2-2(26),(28),(31), (32),(36), (37),Fig.A-2-2(e) Definition............................................ 1-5 Ventilation rates............................Table 7-3.1.1(2) Combustible gases ..........see Flammable and combustible gases Wastewater pumping stations ........Table 2-2(17),Fig.A-2-2(e) Combustible liquids........see Flammable and combustible liquids Belt filters.................................. Table 4-2(a)(12) Combustible materials..... 1-2.4,D-2.9;see also Limited-combustible Definition ............................................1-5 materials Biological hazards...................................1-2.2,5-1 Definition............................................ 1-5 Biological treatment....................................B-4.1 Compost Bio-towers...................Table 3-2(10),A-6-3.3.3.3,D-2.4(n) Definition............................................ 1-5 Branch sewer(definition) 1-5 Processes ........................................A-8-9(b) Breakpoint chlorination tanks.....................Table 3-2(17) In-vessel................................Table 4-2(a)(23) Building drain(definition).................................1-5 Piles ...................................Table 4-2(a)(22) 1999 Edition INDEX 820-61 Construction Evacuation .......................................... 8-8(3) Collection systems........................2-2,Table 2-2,A-2-2 Exhaust air,recirculation of.......................7-3.3,A-7-3.3 Fire protection during................................ 5-7.1 Exhaust systems...................................... 6-3.3.6 Liquid stream treatment process............3-2,Table 3-2,A-3-2 Existing facilities ................................1-3.1,A-1-3.1 Materials ...............................Chap.6,A-6.3.3.3.3 Explosion hazards.................see Fire and explosion hazards Applications ..............................6-3,A-&3.3.3.3 Explosion prevention.................................... 8-11 Collection systems ..........................Table 2-2,C-2 Explosion protection.............................1-2.1,App.D Liquid stream treatment processes.................Table 3-2 Explosionproof apparatus(definition) ...................... 1-5 Risk assessment..................................... C-3 Explosive dust........ .........see Dust,combustible or explosive Selection criteria.........................1-2.4,6-2,8-1](5) Explosive limits(definition) ............................... 1-5 Solids treatment processes.......4-2,Tables 4-2(a)and(b),A-4-2 Extinguishers,portable fire...............................5-2.5 Contact tanks Extinguishing systems ............................5-2.2 to 5-2.4 Chlorine ....................................Table 3-2(17) Ozone ......................................Table 3-2(22) -F- Control structures ..........Table 2-2(27), (33);see also Anaerobic digesters,Control buildings Fans,supply and exhaust............................7-2.2,7-2.3 Corrosion..............................6-1.3,A-6-3.3.3.3,D-2.9 Filter presses ................................Table 4-2(a)(12) Critical unit processes Definition............................................ 1-5 Construction materials...............................6-3.3.2 Filters Fire emergencies in .................................8-8(6) Belt......................................Table 4-2(a)(12) Definition.......................................... 1-5 -D- Pressure or gravity............................ Table 3-2(20) Definition.......................................... 1-5 Dampers,smoke and fire...............................6-3.3.6 Trickling.......................... .....see Trickling filters Definitions.........................................1-5,A-1-5 Vacuum...................................Table 4-2(a)(12) Design.....................................see Construction Definition.......................................... 1-5 Detection systems ..............see also Combustible gas detectors Final pumping stations........................... Table 3-2(19) Fire.................................5-3,6-3.3.6,8-6,A-8-6.2 Finely divided solids ................................... D-2.8 Flow detection devices,ventilation system ................ 5-5.1 Finishes,interior .......................................6-1.1 Dewatering of sludge ............... ...............see Sludge Fire and explosion hazards... see also Dust,combustible or explosive Diesel fuel.......................................Table D-1.1 Collection systems................................Table 2-2 Digester gas...................................see Sludge gas Control of sources...................................8-11.1 Digesters,anaerobic ....................See Anaerobic digesters Liquid stream treatment processes...................Table 3-2 Disinfection units........................... B-6,Table 3-2(24) Solids treatment processes ...............Tables 4-2(a)and(b) Dissolved air flotation(definition) ..........................1-5 Fire barrier(definition)................................... 1-5 Diversion structures ........................ Table 29,2-2(25),( ) ( ) Fire brigades.......................................8-9,A-8-9 Domestic wastewater(definition) ...........................1-5 Fire dampers ........................................ 6-3.3.6 Drainage Fire emergency plan................................S-S,8-11.1 Building drains(definition) .............................1-5 Fire loading(definition) .................................. 1-5 Fire protection liquids................................ 5-7.3 Fire prevention............. Chap.5,8-11,A-5-4.1,A-54.2,A-5-5.3 Sludge ...........................D-2.4(b),Table 4-2(a)(25) Definition............................................ 1-5 Dry wells Management policy and direction................. 8-2,A-&2.1 Belowgrade or partially belowgrade wastewater Program..................................... 84,A-8-4(g) pumping station........................Table 2-2(17) Fire protection......................1-2.1,5-2,8-5 to 8-7,A-8-6.2 Definition ............................................1-5 Chemical and fuel storage and handling facilities ........App.D Residential wastewater pumping stations ..........Table 2-2(12) Collection systems................................Table 2-2 Sludge pumping stations..................... Table 4-2(a)(9) Definition............................................ 1-5 Stormwater pumping stations ....................Table 2-2(5) Liquid stream treatment processes...................Table 3-2 Ventilation rates ............................. Table 7-3.1(2) Management policy and direction................. 8-2,A-&2.1 Drying beds(definition)...................................1-5 Solids treatment processes ...............Tables 4-2(a)and(b) Dust,combustible or explosive...........................D-2.8 Fire pumps.......................................... 5-2.4.4 Definition ............................................1-5 Fire reports...................................8-4(7),A-8-4(7) Handling of......................................D-2.4(d) Fire resistance rating(definition)........................... 1-5 Fire risk evaluation.............................1-1.3,8-3,A-8-3 -E- Fire safety information ................................ 8-4(1) Fire-rated penetration seal(definition) ...................... 1-5 Effluent structures ..............................Table 3-2(25) Firestops,through-penentration(definition).................. 1-5 Electrical arcs .........................................D-3.2 Fixed film systems..................Table 3-2(10),(11),D-2.4(n) Employees,training of.....................8-11.1,8-11.2,A-8-2.1 Fixed roof anaerobic digesters..................Table 4-2(a)(15) Enclosed areas Flame arresters/checks..................................8-6.3 Aeration basins or aerobic suspended growth Flame spread,low................ see Low flame spread materials systems .............................Table 3-2(8),(9) Flammable and combustible gases..........84(4),D-2,Table D-2; Ventilation of............................Chap.7,Table 7-3.1 see also Fuel gases;Sewer gas;Sludge gas Enclosed space(definition)................................1-5 Generation and combustion processes ................. 6-3.3.5 Equipment Flammable and combustible liquids.................8-4(4),D-2.7 Definition ............................................1-5 Definition.......................................1-5,A-]-5 Identified(definition) ..................................1-5 Flammable/combustible conditions......................... 5-1 Equipment enclosures Flash dryer(definition)................................... 1-5 Definition ............................................1-5 Flash mixer(definition) .................................. 1-5 Ventilation rates ................................Table 7-3.1 Flash mixer tanks............................... Table 3-2(15) Essential unit processes ......................6-3.3.3,A-6-3.3.3.3 Floating cover anaerobic digesters...............Table 4-2(a)(15) 1999 Edition 820-62 FIRE PROTECTION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Flocculation tanks...............................Table 3-2(15) -I- Flocculator(definition) ...................................1-5 Flow detection devices.................................. 5-5.1 Identified(as applied to equipment) Flow equalization tanks ...........................Table 32(3) Definition............................................ 1-5 Fluidized bed reactor(definition) ....1-5 Ignition,conditions for...................................D-3 Foam extinguishing systems.......................8-5.1,A-8-9(c) Ignition sources.........................................D-3 Foamed plastic materials...............................6-3.3.7 Control of....................................8-4(5),8-11.2 Force main(pressure main) Imhoff tanks........................................D-2.4(i) Definition ............................................1-5 Definition............................................ 1-5 Fuel gases ...................................... D-2.1,D-2.6 Impairments.......................................8-7,A-8-7 Definition ............................................1-5 Incineration(definition).................................. 1-5 Fuel storage and handling facilities...................... App.D Incinerators and incinerator buildings.....Table 4-2(a)(13),6-3.3.5, D-2.4(e) Individual residential pumping units.................Table 2-2(9) -G- Individual sewers,residential.......................Table 2-2(8) Industrial sewers .................................Table 2-2(2) Galleries ..........................................D-2.4(m) Definition............................................ 1-5 Definition ............................................1-5 Industrial waste(definition)............................... 1-5 Ventilation rates..........................Table 7-3.1(2), (3) Inspection,maintenance,and testing Gas detectors .................... see Combustible gas detectors Definition............................................ 1-5 Gases........see also Flammable and combustible gases;Fuel gases; Fire protection systems....8-5.3,8-6.2,8-6.3,8-7.3,A-8-2.1,A-8-6.2 Sewer gas;Sludge gas Plastic materials.................................A-6-3.3.3.3 Hazardous..........................................D-2.6 Preventive....................................8-4(2),8-11.1 Toxic .........................................A-7-3.3,D-4 Training for........................................8-11.1 Gas-handling equipment .........................Table 3-2(12) Installation Definition ............................................1-5 Non-waterbased fire protection systems...................8-6.1 Gasoline.......................... D-2.7,Table D-1.1,Table D-2 Ventilation systems .................................... 7-2 Gravity belt thickeners........................ Table 4-2(a)(12) Water-based fire protection systems......................8-5.2 Gravity(pressure)filters .........................Table 32(20) Interceptor sewers(definition)............................. 1-5 Definition ............................................1-5 Interior coatings and finishes.............................6-1.1 Grit chambers......................................11-2.4(h) Intermediate pumping stations.....................Table 3-2(19 ) Definition ............................................1-5 Intermediate sedimentation tanks ..................Table 3-2(14) Grit removal tanks ...............................Table 3-2(4) Intrinsically safe(definition) .............................. 1-5 Grit-handling buildings......................... Tab]e4-2(a)(2) Inverted siphons ................................Table 2-2(23) In-vessel composting..........................Table 4-2(a)(23) -H- J- Hazardous(classified)location Definition ............................................1-5 Junction chambers..........................6-3.1,Table 2-2(22) Ventilation of .................................. 7-1.2,7-2.6 Hazardous(classified)locations -K- Collection systems ................................Table 2-2 Construction materials,selection of..................... 6-2.3 Kerosene............................................. D-2.7 Liquid stream treatment processes...................Table 3-2 Solids treatment processes............... Tables 4-2(a)and(b) -I- Ventilation systems.......... 7-1.2,7-2.2,7-2.5,7-2.8,Table 7-3.1 Hazardous gases.......................................D-2.6 Labeled(definition) ..................................... 1-5 Hazardous waste(definition)...............................1-5 Laboratories,fire protection for ........................... 5-6 Hazards Lagoons ........................................Table 3-2(7) Biological ............................see Biological hazards Lightning protection ....................................5-7.2 Fire and explosion ..............see Fire and explosion hazards Limited-combustible materials... 1-2.4,6-3.3.2.3,6-3.3.3.1,6-3.3.3.3, Toxic................................... see Toxic hazards 6-3.3.4.3,6-3.3.6,A-6-3.3.3.3,D-2.9 Definition............................. ...... 1-5 ......... Heat treatment .............................. Tablc 4-2(a)(14) Liquid stream treatment processes... Chap.3,Table 3-2,A-3.1,A-3-2 Definition ............................................1-5 Listed definition ... 1-5,A-]-5 High-pressure oxidation units.................. Table 4-2(a)(14) Local alarms.....................5-5.2,5-5.3,Table 5-5.3,A-5-5.3 Holding basins .................Fig.A-2-2(c),Table 2-2(34),(35) Low flame spread materials .......... 6-3.3.2.3,6-3.3.3.1,6-3.3.3.3, Holding tanks 6-3.3.4.3,6-3.3.6,A-6-3.3.3.3,D-2.9 Backwash water...............................Table 3-2(23) Definition............................................ 1-5 Sludge................................... Table 4-2(a)(10) Low-pressure oxidation units ...................Table 4-2(a)(14) Holding wells,sludge-blending................. Table 4-2(a)(11) LP-Gas ....................................D-2.6,Table D-I.1 Hose systems.........................................5-2.4.3 Hot surfaces ..........................................D-3.1 M Hot work...................................A-6-3.3.3.3,D-3.1 Permits ....................................8-11.3,8-11(4) Maintenance.............see Inspection,maintenance,and testing Housekeeping..................................84(3),8-11.1 Maintenance holes...............................Table 2-2(21) Hydrants ............................................5-2.4.2 Construction materials ................................6-3.1 Hydrocarbon liquids....................................D-2.7 Definition............................................ 1-5 Hydrogen chloride................................. Table D-2 Management policy and direction ....................8-2,A-8-2.1 Hydrogen sulfide(H2S)............................. Table D-2 Materials,construction................see Construction,Materials Definition ............................................]-5 Measurement,units of.................................... 14 1999 Edition INDEX 820-63 Metering vaults,belowgrade ............Table 2-2(28),(36), (37), Preliminary treatment....................................B-2 Fig.A-2-2(e) Pressure filters................................. Table 3-2(20) Methane(CH4) (definition)................................1-5 Definition............................................ 1-5 Mixers,flash Pressure sewers Definition ............................................1-5 Collection systems............................. Table 2-2(6) Tanks.......................................Table 3-2(15) Definition............................................ 1-5 Motor oils .......................................Table D-1.1 Pressurization,positive..................................7-1.2 Primary sedimentation tanks.......Table 3-2(6),Fig.A-3-2,D-2.40) -N- Primary wastewater treatment..............................B-3 Definition............................................ 1-5 National Electrical Code criteria......1-3.3,A-1-3.3;see also Hazardous Private sewers(definition) ................................ 1-5 (classified)locations Pumping of drainage from digested sludge dewatering Natural gas...................................D-2.6,Table D-2 processes...........................Table 4-2(a)(25) Natural gasPiPin$••••••••Table 4-2 a (20),(21),Figs.A4-_(f), (g) Pumping stations....................................D-2.4(g) Nitrification/denitrification tanks..................Table 3-2(16) Definition............................................ 1-5 Definition ............................................1-5 Intermediate or final.......................... Table 3-2(19) Nitrogen..........................................Table D-2 Liquid stream treatment processes................ Table 3-2(2) Noncombustible materials....6-3.3.2.1,6-3.3.2.3,6-3.3.3.1,6-3.3.3.3, Residential wastewater ...... see Residential wastewater pumping 6-3.3.4.3,6-3.3.5,6-3.3.6,A-6-3.3.3.3 stations Definition ............................................1-5 Sludge.....................................Table 4-2(a)(9) Nonenclosed(definition)..................................1-5 Stormwater........ ..........see Stormwater pumping stations Nonstructural assemblies....6-3.3.2.3,6-3.3.3.3,6-3.3.4.3,A-6-3.3.3.3 Wastewater ..................see Wastewater pumping stations Pumping units,individual residential......see Individual residential pumping units -O- Pumps,fire.......................................... 5-2.4.4 Purpose of standard ..................................... 1-2 Odor control system areas Pyrolysis(definition)definition)..................................... 1-5 Collection systems................. Table 2-2(20),Fig.A-2-2(g) Liquid stream treaunent processes...............Table 3.2(26) Solids treatment processes................... Table 4-2(a)(24) -R- Oils..................................................D-2.7 Radio communications equipment.........................8-6.3 On-site treatment systems.........................Table 3-2(22) Reactor,fluidized bed(definition).......................... 1-5 Definition ............................................1-5 Recirculation,of exhaust air....... 7-3.3,A-7-3.3 ............. Open flames ..........................................D-3.1 Referenced publications........................Chap.9,App.F Outfall sewers..................................Table 2-2(13) Relief sewers(definition) 1-5 Definition ............................................1-5 Remote alarms...................5-5.2,5-5.3,Table 5-5.3,A-5-5.3 Oxidation ditches................................Table 3-2(7) Residential belowgrade vaults.................Table 2-2(26), (28) Oxidation units Residential control structures..................... Table 2-2(2 7) Chlorine ................................. Table 4-2(a)(19) Residential diversion structures................... Table 2-2(25) Lot-or high-pressure....................... Table 4-2(a)(14) Residential sewers ...........................Table 2-2(8), (10) Oxygen........................... D-5.1,Table D-1.1,Table D-2 Definition............................................ 1-5 Oxygen aeration tanks ...........................Table 3-2(13) Residential wastewater(definition) ......................... 1-5 Oxygen-enriched atmospheres..........................D-2.4(1) Residential wastewater pumping stations.......Tablet-2(1)), (12), Definition ............................................1-5 Figs.A-2-2(b), (e) Ozonation(definition)....................................1-5 Risk assessment.........................................C-3 Ozone contact tanks.............................Table 3-2(22) Roof coverings....................................... 6-3.3.7 Ozone generation......Table 3-2(22),Table D-1.1,Table D-2,D-5.2 Roof decks,metal .................................... 6-3.3.7 Rotating biological contactors(RBC)..........A-&3.3.3.3,D-2.4(n) -P- Definition............................................ 1-5 Penetration seal,fire-rated(definition) ......................1-5 s_ Physical-chemical treatment..............................13-4.2 Physically separated(definition)............................1-5 Sanitary sewers................................. Table 2-2(14) Piping Construction materials ........................ C-4.4 to C-4.6 Combined sewers ....................................0-4.8 Definition............................................ 1-5 Construction materials....6-3.3.2.3,6-3.3.3.3,6-3.3.4.3,A-6-3.3.3.3 Scope of standard ...............................1-1,A-1-1.1.1 Gas Screening chambers Natural Table 4-2(a)(20),(21),Figs.A-4-2(I),(g) Definition............................................ 1-5 Sludge......Table 4-2 a (20),(2 1),Figs.A-4-2(b),(c),(� g Ventilation rates..............................Table 7-3.1(1) Screening equipment................................ D-2.4(h) Ventilation rates........................Table 7-3.1(2), (3) Scum incinerators .....................Table 4-2(a)(7),D-2.4(e) San tary sewers ......................................CG4.6 Scum or skimmings definition ............ 1-5 Storm sewers........................................C-4.3 Scum pits ............................Table 4-2(a)(4),D-2.4(a) Tunnels or ...................................see Tunnels Scum-handling building or area ..................Table 4-2(a)(3) Pits,sludge ................................. Table 4-2(a)(10) Scum-pumping areas........ Table 4-2(a)(5), (6) Plant emergency organizations(PEO)................ 8-9.2,8-11.1 Secondary sedimentation tanks ........... Table 3-2(14),D-2.4(k) Plastic materials ...... 6-3.3.7,A-6-3.3.3.3,A-8-9(d),D-2.4(n),D-2.9 Secondary wastewater treatment............................B-4 Polychlorinated biphenyls ..........................8-10,A-8-10 Definition............................................ 1-5 Ponds..........................................Table 3-2(7) Sedimentation(definition) ................................ 1-5 Positive pressurization.................................. 7-1.2 Sedimentation tanks..................................D-2.4(a) Power sources,ventilation systems ........................ 7-2.9 Intermediate ................................ Table 3-2(14) Pre-aeration tanks................................Table 3-2(5) Primary.....................see Primary sedimentation tanks 1999 Edition 820-64 FIRE PROTECTION 1N WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND COLLECTION FACILITIES Secondary...........................Table 3-2(14),D-2.4(k) Holding ......................Table 3-2(24),Table 4-2(a)(10) Tertiary .............................Table 3-2(14),D-2.4(k) Imhoff ..........................................D-2.4(i) Separate nonprocess-related structures(definition) ............1-5 Definition.......................................... 1-5 Sequencing batch reactors.........................Table 3-2(7) Nittification/denitrification.....................Table 3-2(16) Sewer gas...............................D-2.3,D-2.6,Table D-2 Definition.......................................... 1-5 Definition ............................................1-5 Sedimentation ......................see Sedimentation tanks Sewers ............................................Table 2-2 Sludge-blending Table 4-2 a I I Combined............................ see Combined sewers Tertiary sedimentation tanks ............. Table 3-2(14),D-2.4(k) Construction materials................................ 6-3.1 Tertiary treatment.......................................B-5 Definitions ...........................................1-5 Testing ''''''''''''.....see Inspection,maintenance,and testing Sanitary see SanitarY sewers Through-penentration frestop(definition)................... 1- 5 Storm ...................................see Storm sewers Towers Shall(definition).........................................1-5 Ammonia stripping Table 3-2(18) Sludge Anaerobic....................................Table 3-2(11) Activated(definition)...............................g...1-5 Bio-towers..................D-2.4(n),Table 3-2(10),A-6-3.3.3.3 Cakes....................................see Sludge cakes Definition ............................................1-5 ToConstruction hazards ..materials d ........................ 1-2.2,5-1 Dewatering ..Table 4-2 a 25 ,B-7.2,D-2.4 Construction materials and ............................6-1.2 ................. ( )( ) (� Controlof sources...................................&11.1 Buildings............................... Table 4-2(a)(12) Cases...................................7-1.1.1,A-7-3.3,D-4 Definition..........................................1-5 Training,employee .......................8-11.1,8-11.2,A-8-2.1 Pumping of drainage from digested sludge dewatering Transport systems........................see Collection systems processes .......................... Table 4-2(a)(25) Trickling filters................Table 3-2(10),A-6-3.3.3.3,D-2.4(n) Drying system.........................Table 4-2(b),A-8-9(b) Definition............................................ 1-5 Definition..........................................1-5 Trunk sewers(definition) ................................. 1-5 Stabilization ........................................B-7.1 Tunnels Thickener/thickening....................... Table 4-2(a)(8) Natural gas or sludge gas piping .........Table 4-2(a)(20),(21), Definition..........................................1-5 Figs.A-4-2(f),(g) Treatment................................... B-7,D-2.4(b) Ventilation rates..........Table 4-2(a)(20), (21),Table 7-3.1(2), Definition..........................................1-5 Figs.A-4-2(0,(g) Facility construction materials.......................6-3.3.4 Sludge cakes -U- Conveyance equipment.............................D-2.4(f) Definition ............................................1-5 Ultraviolet disinfection unit.......................Table 3-2(24) Disposal............................................B-7.3 Unit processes............. ...6-3.3.2 to 6-3.3.5,A-6-3.3.3.3,D-2.4 hicineratorsfor................................... D-2.4(e) Utilization equipment(definition) 1-5 Sludge gas........... Figs.A-4-2(b)to(g),D-2.2,D-2.6,Table D-2; see also Anaerobic digesters V Definition ............................................1-5 Piping ...............................Table 4-2(a)(20),(2 1) Processing rooms .......................... Table 4-2(a)(17) Vacuum filters ...............................Table..... (12) Vent(definition) ...... Definition............................................ ]-5 ..1-5 Sludge pumping stations,dry well................ Table 4-2(a)(9) Valve vaults Abovegrade ......................Table 2-2(30),Fig.A-2-2(d) 1 Sludge storage wet wells,pits,and holding tanks... Table 4-2(a)(10) Below rade Table 2-2(26), 31 (32),Fig.A-2-2(e) Sludge-blending tanks and holding wells.......... Table 4-2(a)(11) VaultsSludge-drying ' see also Valve vaultssYstems(definition) ..........................1-5 Definition.................... .... I-5 .................... Smoke dampers.......................................6-3.3.6 Metering,below grade ....Table 2-2(28),(36),(37),Fig.A-2-2(e) Smoke detectors......................................6-3.3.6 Vent sludge as definition 1-5 Solids,finely divided ...................................D-2.8 i g $ . ).................Chap. 7,A-7- . . Solids treatment processes................ Chap.4,Tables 4-2(a) Ventilation ...............................Cha 7,A-7-3.3,D 4 Chap. and(b),A-4.1,A-4-2 Collection systems................................ Table 2-2 Solvent extraction...................................D-2.4(d) Construction materials ......6-3.3.2.3,6-3.3.3.3,6-3.3.4.3,6-3.3.6, Sparks ...............................................D-3.3 A-6-3.3.3.3 Sprinkler systems ............................ 5-2.2,6-3.3.7,8-5 For fire and explosion control........................8-11(1) Standard(definition) 1-5 Liquid stream treatment processes .................. Table 3-2 Standpipe and hose systems......................... 5-2.4.3,8-5g signaling }' Monitorin and si nalin systems ..................5-5,A-5-5.3 Storage Solids treatment processes .............. Tables 4-2(a)and(b), Anaerobic digesters,gas storage.............. Table 4-2(a)(18) Figs.A-4-2(b to(g) Chemical and fuel ..........................A-8-9(c),App.D Ventilation rates....................1-2.3,7-3,A-7-3.3,Table 7-3.1 Sludge storage wet wells,pits,and holding tanks. Table 4-2(a)(10) Definition............................................ 1-5 Storm sewers....................................Table 2-2(3) Volatile liquid(definition)................................. 1-5 Construction materials.........................C4.1 to C-4.3 Definition ............................................1-5 -W- Stormwater pumping stations ...Table 2-2(4),(5),Figs.A-2-2(a),(e) Structures(definition) ............1-5;see also Buildings/structures Waste backwash water holding tanks ................Table 3-2(23) Sulfur dioxide..................................... Table D-2 Waste treatment,anaerobic Sumps ............................................D-2.4(b) Definition............................................ 1-5 Sludge treatment processes .........................D-2.4(b) -T- Wastewater............................................B-1.1 Definition....................................... 1-5,B-1.1 Tanks.............................................Table 3-2 Domestic(definition).................................. 1-5 Drainage........................................D-2.4(b) Wastewater holding basins........ Table 2-2(34),(35),Fig.A-2-2(c) 1999 Edition INDEX 820-65 Wastewater pumping stations..........D-2.4(g);see also Residential Schematic flow and process diagram.................. Fig.B-1 wastewater pumping stations Water spray fixed systems................................. 8-5 Abovegrade.............. Table 2-2(18),(19),Fig.A-2-2(d), (f) Water supplies,fire protection.......................5-2.4,8-5.1 Belowgrade or partially belowgrade ......Table 2-2(17),A-2-2(e), Water-based fire protection systems......................... 8-5 Fig.A-2-2(e) Impairments.....................................8-7,A-8-7 Construction materials........................6-3.2,Table 2-2 Wells Dry wells ............................... Table 2-2(12),(17) Di). .............. ..........................see Dry wells Ventilation of......................................Cha 7 Wet wells ....................Table 2-2(11), (16),Fig.A-2-2(c) Holding,sludge-blending....................Table 4-2(a)(11) Wastewater treatment Wet ........................................see Wet wells Advanced........ [see Advanced(tertiary)wastewater treatment] Wet wells Elementsof.........................................B-1.2 Definition............................................ 1-5 Prima ...... B-3 Residential sewer......................... Primary ....................................... .....Fig.A-2-2(h) Definition..........................................1-5 Residential wastewater pumping stations.......... Table 2-2(11) Secondary........................................... B-4 Separate or combined sanitary sewer.............. Fig.A-2-2(c) Definition..........................................1-5 Sludge storage.............................Tab le 4-2(a)(10) Wastewater treatment processes......................... App.B Storni sewerr.................................. Fig.A-2-2(a) Fire and explosion prevention and protection.......... Chap.3, Stormwater pumping stations.........Table 2-2(4),Fig.A-2-2(a) Chap.5,A-3-1,A-3-2,A-5-4.1,A-5-4.2,A-5-5.3 Ventilation rates..............................Table 7-3.1(1) Gases commonly found in ..................... D-2,Table D-2 Wastewater pumping stations... Table 2-2(11),(16),Fig.A-2-2(c) Cou/D 1999 Edition Designing NFPA 820 Compliant Monitoring Svstems- for WastewaterPumpingStations ` NFPA 820 Overview Using Ventilation to ■ NFPA 72 is a 350-page standard that deals with fire alarm systems and puts forth many NFPA 820 Fire Protection in Wastewater Treatment Declassify Areas (or Reduce requirements of the supervised signaling and Collection Facilities the Classification) circuits. Some requirements: ■ First edition in 1990 i 4rx, was a recommended :' Common practice is to provide ventilation to either ■ The entire system(panels and remote ! practice. unclassify or reduce the classification of areas. components)must have two sources of power. ; ;;.,;_ Allows use of more generic products;for example,a Thus the main panel is often furnished with a ■ Since 1995,each i ;-`a: regular"motor rather than an explosion- battery backup. revised edition is proof motor. now a"standard': ; ■ Each signal circuit must be monitored for its ' Tip: NFPA 820 requires that the integrity.This is more complex than the typical ■ Most recent edition t __ f NO or NC circuits that water&wastewater (2012)is over 60 ° , . ventilation air flow be monitored; monitoringjusttheOn/Off status facilities typically have.This requires(unusual pages long,includes s, for us)end-of-line dropping resistors to be of a fan is NOT acce table• 10 Chapters&Annexes. ;;, Z p "some installed at the tail end of each signal circuit. ■ Authors'Observations: Many �. y sort of true flow monitoring device facilities are only partially ` �.,:..' -t is required-these range from simple Supervised Signaling Circuits compliant with NFPA 820; (paddle switches)to complex(thermal -Some Practical Issues specifically,the monitoring system dispersion). Supervised signal circuits are designed for fire alarm is often NON-COMPLIANT. Ventilation must be monitored b specialized Y a p applications,which are often quite large.NFPA 820 Classifying Areas as supervised signaling system as per NFPA 820, water&wastewater applications are often smaller, but some suitable systems are available. Electrically Hazardous Combustible Gas Detection The fire alarm vendors describe supervised signaling Following chapters give guidance in classifying (CGD) circuit using a much different dialect than ours. electrically hazardous areas,and reducing the NFPA 820 requires certain areas to be monitored for Initially,from dialect alone,it is difficult to adopt classification by ventilating: combustible gas.But many users opine that CGD these systems to NFPA water and wastewater ■ Chapter 4:Collection Systems units are problematic;several installation types; applications. Some typical terms include: namely, _ ■ Initiating device circuits. I ■ Chapter 5: Liquid Stream Treatment � Processes ■ CGD unit located in an -+-. ■ End-of-line resistors■ Standard notification appliances. easy-access classified ) ■ Chapter 6:Solids Treatment Processes - area,such as a room;only _ t There are potential"surprise"classifications that can requires simple integral ? But,after reviewing catalogue information& cause substantial&expensive re-design involving sampling system. discussions with vendors,such circuits can be facility layouts,control panel location,specifying ■ CGD unit mounted remotely from a classified incorporated into a typical water&wastewater explosion-proof equipment,specifying intrinsically design that is NFPA 820 compliant area;for example,wetwell. Requires a sampling safe control circuits,seal conduit,etc. system;including g pump,tubing and moisture Typical Example,Wastewater I ■ Become familiar with the standard.Try not to traps(moisture a real problem,and can render be"surprised": Examples include: the CGD unit ineffective.) Lift Stations ■ In the Southeast,there are often no Primary ■ CGD unit mounted integral in a hard-to-access Two wastewater lift stations have been designed& Clarifiers upstream of Aeration Basins.Such classified area;for example,wet well.Some commissioned with supervised signal circuits that ! Aeriation Basins are classified.(surprise!) units are flanged mounted inside the wet well. are NFPA 820 compliant.A third is in the bid phase ■ Depending on the unit process,process Difficult to calibrate. right now. It too is NFPA 820 compliant,but differs engineers might consider certain sludges as ■ CGD must also be monitored by a specialized a bit from the other two in that it uses a innocuous. But related sludge basins or supervised signaling system as per NFPA 820/ more sophisticated supervised facilities may indeed be classified.(surprise!) NFPA 72, signaling network. Strobe ■ For a structure to be passively unclassified,it must have at least 50%open space. (A 3-sided Supervised Signaling structure with one open side is not inherently Circuits-What are they? WARN OK unclassified.)(surprise!) NFPA 820 requires monitoring certain conditions XL XL RF LEWENnLON P NEN and alarms. Furthermore,the monitoring E " stem must be a supervised TYPICAL; ;SYSTEM WARNING• OK signaling circuit as per NFPA LIGHT 72,National Fire Alarm& ` Signaling Code. tzov...... ..... xL LELNENTILATION {zj ALARM PANEL WARNING STROBE LIGHTS (BATTERY BACKUP) EXTERIOR OF BUILDING AND INTERIOR,WORK AREA General Notes: TYPICAL ALARM CIRCUIT A. All VENTILATION,AIRFLOW, powered from LEL/ventilation SMOKE,LEL and alarm panel,thus these are on battery e( backup r ® PANELIB ILBING Y =VE LAdION s EX 1 ERI•R UN6LASSIFIES 6 M a, ,D_,RYjPIT -tz _ OEND OF LINE STR(SUPERVISEDCIRCUIT)_ Pl, _�. . >' ,: -- ( Designing NEPA 820 Compliant Monitoring Systems for Wastewater- Pumping Stations NEPA 820 Overview Using Ventilation to ■ NFPA 72 is a 350-page standard that deals Areas (or Reduce with fire alarm systems and puts forth many Declassify NFPA 820 Fire Protection in Wastewater Treatment requirements of the supervised signaling and Collection Facilities --- .a.. _-_ the Classification) q �.,�,�, circuits. Some requirements: ■ First edition in 1990 �e:y; °r: was a recommended `''`"T,s; tlBl73 Common practice is to provide ventilation to either ■ The entire system(panels and remote iv.: : tom± unclassify or reduce the classification of areas. components)must have two sources of power. practice. Allows use of more generic products;for example,a Thus the main panel is often furnished with a ■ Since 1995,eachr; ;z;:ry fa tgi "regular"motor rather than an explosion- battery backup. revised edition is , proof motor. € ■ Each signal circuit must be monitored for its now a"standard': . ,. ' Tip: NFPA 820 requires that the integrity.This is more complex than the typical ■ Most recent edition 4 NO or NC circuits that water&wastewater (2012)is over 60 = � , . ventilation air flow be monitored; "�'�� n usttheOn/Off Status facilities typically have.This requires(unusual monitori pages long,includes '<.'I x• gJ for us)end-of-line dropping resistors to be 10 Chapters&Annexes. :r? of fan is NOTacceptable;some installed at the tail end of each signal circuit. I1 h: ■ Authors'Observations: Many sort of true flow monitoring device facilities are only partially , ,, is required-these range from simple Supervised Signaling Circuits compliant with NFPA 820; (paddle switches)to complex(thermal _ Some Practical Issues specifically,the monitoring system dispersion). is often NON-COMPLIANT. Supervised signal circuits are designed for fire alarm Ventilation must be monitored by a specialized applications,which are often quite large.NFPA 820 Classifying Areas as supervised signaling system as per NFPA 820. water&wastewater applications are often smaller, but some suitable systems are available. Electrically Hazardous Combustible Gas Detection The fire alarm vendors describe supervised signaling Following chapters give guidance in classifying (CGD) circuit using a much different dialect than ours. electrically hazardous areas,and reducing the NFPA 820 requires certain areas to be monitored for Initially,from dialect alone,it is difficult to adopt classification by ventilating: combustible gas.But many users opine that CGD these systems to NFPA water and wastewater ■ Chapter 4:Collection Systems units are problematic•,several installation types; applications. Some typical terms include: ■ Chapter 5: Liquid Stream Treatment namely, L_ ■ Initiating device circuits. Processes ■ CGD unit located in an ■ Standard notification appliances. ■ Chapter 6:Solids Treatment Processes easy-access classified _ ■ End-of-line resistors area,such as a room;only Y= There are potential"surprise"classifications that can requires simple integral i But,after reviewing catalogue information& cause substantial&expensive re-design involving sampling system. 'w discussions with vendors,such circuits can be facility layouts,control panel location,specifyingincorporated into a typical water&wastewater ■ CGD unit mounted remotely from a classified explosion-proof equipment,specifying intrinsically area;for example,wetwell. Requires a sampling design that is NFPA 820 compliant safe control circuits,seal conduit,etc. system;including g pump,tubing and moisture Typical Example,Wastewater ■ Become familiar with the standard.Try not to traps(moisture a real problem,and can render yp xam p be"surprised": Examples include: the CGD unit ineffective.) Lift Stations ■ In the Southeast,there are often no Primary ■ CGD unit mounted integral in a hard-to-access Two wastewater lift stations have been designed& Clarifiers upstream of Aeration Basins.Such classified area;for example,wet well.Some commissioned with supervised signal circuits that Aeriation Basins are classified.(surprise!) units are flanged mounted inside the wet well. are NFPA 820 compliant.A third is in the bid phase ■ Depending on the unit process,process Difficult to calibrate. right now. It too is NFPA 820 compliant,but differs I engineers might consider certain sludges as ■ CGD must also be monitored by a specialized a bit from the other two in that it uses a !! innocuous. But related sludge basins or supervised signaling system as per NFPA 820/ more sophisticated supervised 1 facilities may indeed be classified.(surprise!) NFPA 72. signaling network. ■ For a structure to be passively unclassified,it Strobe must have at least 50%open space. (A 3-sided Supervised Signaling structure with one open side is not inherently Circuits-What are they? WARN OK unclassified.)(surprise!) NFPA 820 requires monitoring certain conditions XL XL RF LELNENTILAN PANEL. and alarms. Furthermore,the monitoring F ery m must stebe a supervised TYPICAL: :SYSTEM ., r,' ."" � ,....•"""""'""'"' y !� WARNING• OK wnsTEw rER" �. rs signaling circuit as per NFPA LIGHT R�UM�P STATION �'t° 72,National Fire Alarm& Signaling Code. XL t fiu!■ 120V....... LIELIVENTILATION ALARM PANEL ....... (2) •� WARNING STROBE LIGHTS (BATTERY BACKUP) EXRIOR OF 13UILDING ti AND INTTERIOR WORK AREA General Notes: TYPICAL ALARM CIRCUIT A. All devices VENTILATION,AIRFLOW, powered from LEL/ventilation SMOKE,LEL and alarm panel,thus these areon battery bac RE MOT RATI XS ... m „„ ® :PANEL B ILDIN YEN- LAdION EX_TER,�I�.OR �" _ UNCLASSIFIES ... _ files .� $ . THE PUMP nEND OF LINE 'DRYGck RESISTOR(SUPERVISED CIRC UT)PIil `k- Jl I I�• i. gas,