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60RDON AIR QUALITY CONSULTANTS, INC:
P.O. Box 5739.6 Minton Road
aMmica, Messwhuseits 01821-5239
Tel. (978) 6639213 • Fu (978) 670.1332
February 16, 2001
Project No. Barkan -04
Ms Janet Meany
Barkan Management Company, Inc.
268 Summer Street,
Boston, MA 02210
Dear Ms Meany:
On February 1, 2001, I went to Rosemary Brennan's residence
located at- 1C Fieldstone Court in North Andover, to identify the
black "soot" which was deposited on walls and to locate the
source of the soot.
The following sections of this letter report present the scope
of work, the sampling and analytical methodology, the results of
the testing, my comments and general recommendations.
I. Scope of Work
The scope of work was well defined. IC involved collecting
samples of the black particulates, identifying the particulates
ar)d at.r.empring to locate their source.
Specifically, the following tasks were performed --
1. Take wipe samples of suspect particulates from several
selected locations:
2. Perform a qualitative evaluation of the heating system
(in the hallway) :
3_ determine the airborne particle counts in selected
locations;
4. Make observations regarding issues that could affect
the indoor air quality;
5. Generate and submit a report presenting the results,
along with our comments and general recommendations.
CORDON AIR OUA1_ITY CONSULTANTS. INC-
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11. Kothodology
508 670 1332 1_03
The test methodologies used for this evaluation were those
which are generally accepted by the industrial hygiene
community. Specifically, the methodologies used for this
study are as follows:
1. Particulate identification
Samples were collected on special membrane filters. The
samples were transported to STL Laboratories in
Billerica, MA for analysis using Scanning Electron
Microscopy and Polarized Light Microscopy.- A brief
description of the method follows:
A representative_ portion of each sample filter was
sectioned and collapsed using an acetone vaporizer. The
sample was mounted in index oil (n=1.605) on glass
slides for an initial PLM examination. Another portion
of each sample was mounted on double sided tape and
coated with evaporated graphite for the SEM analysis.
Photos were taken of each dust sample by PLM at -120X,
Percentages of the material composing the dust samples
were made by visual estimate by the PLM. The
percentages and identification of materials was
confirmed by SEM examination. EDX spectra and SEM
ptiotomicrographs were taken of the soot detected in
sample ?. and of a iron sphere detected in sample 3.
2. Airborne Particle Counts
The airbarr:e particle counts were measured using a
calibrated MetOne particle counter which counts and
sizes airborne particulates.
3. Obsexvatione
General observations were made regarding the areas
assessed to determine issues which may impact the
overall indoor air quality.
III. Results
Table 1 presents the results of the testing -
2
GORDON AIR QUALITY CONSULTANTS. INC.
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Table 1
5ariace Particulate Identification
Sample Location Particulate Identification
Sample #1 95% Opaques (ambiguous opaques, paint chips)
Kitchen ceiling 3% Mineral grains
and wails 2% Cellulose (cotton & paper fibers)
Sample #2 90% Opaques (ambiguous soots or opaques)
Living Room TV set 5% Biologicals (skin scales, starch grains)
screen 3% Cellulose (cotton 6 paper fibers)
2% Mineral grain (lime)
Sample N3 60% Biologicals (skin scales, starch,
Rug under front pollen, spores, trichome)
door 20% Cellulose (cotton & paper fibers)
10% Opaques (ambiguous opaques, paint. chips)
5% Mineral grains (lime, k -feldspar)
3% Soots (oil, coal?)
1t Glass fibers
1% Synthetic fibers
Sample #4
94%
Mineral grains
3edroom d ipper
3%
Ce)lul.ose (cotton
& paper
fibers)
bottom
2%
Opaques (ambiguous
soots,
paint chips)
1%
Biologicals (skin
scales)
Sample #5
52%
Biologicals (skin
scales,
starch, cob
bedroom wall
web, trichome, mold)
254 Cellulcse (cotton &
paper fibers)
20t
Opaques (ambiguous
soots,
paint chips)
3%
Mineral grain
2_ particle Counts
The particle counts were all above 10,000,000 particles
per cubic foot which is the maximum that the instrument
can measure, typical household airborne particle counts
range from 500,000 to 1,500,000 particles per cubic
foot. T am certain that the excessively high particle
counts were due to a recently smoked cigarette in the,
residence which invalidate the airborne particle count
measurements.
3
GORDON AIR QUALITY CONSULTANTS, TNC.
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3. Beating Systea
The apartment is heated by a gas fired furnace located
in a "closet" in the hallway_ It is a forced hot water
system which means there is no ductwork to be concerned
about.
At the time of my testing, the chimney draft was very
good. There were appropriate provisions for bringing in
combustion air. The "closet" was under negative
pressure which means that air was moving from the
hallway into the "closet" instead of from the "closet"
into the hallway. This is as it should be so that even
if there is a backfire from the furnace (i didn't see
any signs of blow -back) the smoke would be exhausted out
through the chimney and should not migrate into the
hallway.
Even if an incident did occur, and smoke was blown into
the hallway, the front door to the Brennan residence
would have to be opened for any significant amount of
smoke to enter_
4. observatlons
Black "sooty" deposits were noted on walls throughout
the residence. They were only noted on walls where a
baseboard radiator was located. Unheated walls were
clean-
IV.,
lean_
IV., Discussion Of Results.
1. Partieulatis Identification
Sootwas detected in the sample taken from the
television set screen in the living room, on the rug
sample, on the bottom of the bedroom slipper and on the
wall samples. The analyst states that, for the most
part, the soot on the samples matches the morphology of
natural gas soot and candle soot. This soot is composed
of very fine, sub -micron sized particles that
conglomerate into wispy groups. The morphology and
chemical composition of these two soot sources are very
similar to each other. The EDX (electron microscopic)
,pectrum of this sample detected low concentration of
sulfur, chlorine, potassium and silicon. This spectrum
is close to both natural gas soot standards and candle
4
c,ORDON AIR QUALITY CONSULTANTS, INC.
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FQb-19-01 06;70A GordonARr-Quality 5OO 670 1332 P.06
soot standards. In addition, the opaques in the sample
did not appear to have any defining characteristics.
Paint and ambiguous opaques appear throughout.
'the sample taken from the rug under the front door also
contained a variety of biological material, much of it
skin scales. Mineral grains were present at lower
percentages. Some were bright under crossed polars,
indicating that quartz or lime particles.may be present.
A few paint chips were detected in the sample.
The sample taken from the bottom of a bedroom slipper
contained a high percentage of mineral grains. These
grains appeared fine and small and covered the entire
filter. Cellulose was detected in the sample.
The kitchen wall/ceiling sample was heavily loaded with
Opaques. Opaques are typically harmless. They are
probably from paint, organic binders from a variety or
plastics, rubbers and glues used throughout a house.
There is a very high proportion of opaques in these
samples.
Some of the samples contain a high percentage of
biologicals which could be mold. There is a possibility
that some of the "soot" is actually black mold. I can
rest for mold or just assume that it is mold and make
recommendations for abatement. The mold can be abated
at the same time as the wall soot.
2. Airborne Particulates
The concentrations of airborne particulates could not be
:accurately measured because of the cigarette smoke
background_ I don't believe that this is a necessary
measurement to make ubatement recommendations.
3. Reating Systan
The heating system was working fine and does not appear
to be the cause of the wall stains.
V. Conclusions and ReCa ellendations
In conclusion, it does appear that soot is impacting on the
walls and ceilings above the baseboard. radiators.
5
GORDON AIR QUALITY CONSULTANTS, INC.
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Feb -19-01 06-20A GaardonAirQuality
506 670 1332 P.07
This phenomenon is caused by the updrafts created by the hot
radiator. This type of radiator is designed to draw room
air, which contains submicron particulates including soot,
and pass the air (arid particulates) by the hot radiator
surface which heats the air and "drives" it upwards towards
the ceiling. When the air currents containing the submicron
particulates reach the ceiling, the particles impact on the
trail and ceiling at the point where they join. Some of the
particulates are deposited on the wall.
The distinctive pattern on the walls is caused by the
configuration of the radiator. The hotter sections drive
the air up faster than the cooler radiator components.
Note that most of the particulates found in the samples were
not soot. These particles were found on the walls, but were
either transparent or white so that they blend in with the
wall paint and were not visible like the black soot.
particles.
Fortunately, according to the literature, the
the particles does not appear to be harmful to
My recommendations are as follows:
composition of
one's health.
---� 1. Clean or paint all walls in the residence. If there
is concern for mold, the walls should also be washed
with a mild disinfectant.
2. Current industrial hygiene literature states that
candies often cause this type of problem. I
recommend that candles not be burned in the space
unless there is an exhaust located nearby like a
bathroom exhaust, for example or during the warmer
weather when Windows can be opened and the heat is
not on. Note that the kitchen exhaust does not
exhaust outside.
3. Install an electric stove. Gas stoves often give
off soot especially when a cold, wet, pot or pan is
placed onto the burner_ Any yellow flame indicates
that soot is being formed.
--� 4. As an option, baffles can be placed above the
radiators to direct the submicron particulates away
from the walls.
6
GORDON ALR QUALITY CONSUL !'ANTS, INC.
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SO$ 670 1332 P.Oa
If you have any questions about this report, or would like to
have a meeting to discuss it, please contact tae at (9-18) 663-
9213.
incipal Consultant
Gordon Air Quality Con
QEP
tants, Inc.
7
GORDON AIR QUALITY CONS111.: TANTS, INC_
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3 6 tr*" 4 Date .....
I
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER
PERMIT FOR WIRING
This certifies that ...... ..... . ......... I . :�. P . , . , .... , ... ( .. i . r" . "( . ...... . ( . (- . . ........
... . .... .... . .. ...
has permission to perform .......................
wiring ftr the building of ....... zj(j ( ) A
...... * . ....... I ..... ...............
at..................................... fW ........................ e, North An Mass.
Fee.A'0�... Lic. No...�EI I ............. . .. ...... ......... ...............
ELECTRI AL INSPECTOR
Check #
t ommonnraa[d a�cc%�u„ac�%welfs
2aparinrenl of -`ire &raicm
BOARD OF FIRE PREVENTION REGULATIONS
Permit No,
Occupancy and Fee Checked
tev. 111991 m."'.
APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO- PERFORM ELECTRICAL WORK
All %%,urk to be performed in accordance with the Massachusetts Electrical Code (NIEC), 527 CMR 12.00.
(PLEASE PRINT IN INK OR TYI'E ALL INTORMATION) Onte:
City or Town of: To the Inspector o Wires:
By this application the undersigned gives notice of his or her intention to perform the electrical work described below.
Location (Street & Number)
Owner or Tenant ���( FLt� �n �S
��--- Telephone No,
Owner's Address /� L.uaGdrl�g,c ago'
Is this permit in conjulictiori with n building permit? YesNo
/ /� nil ❑ � � '(Ghee!: Appropriate Box)Purliose of Building ASIeiKKTtt�J Wilily Authorization No.
Existing Seri -ice t\tops �d4(6 1101 t Oyencead ❑ Uud •rd �.
b No. of Meters .
Nei.• Service SjqjnP_ Anips / Volts Overhead ❑ Undord
b ❑ i`io. aCi4lelers�
Number f F ed
o e ers and Ampactly
Location and Nature of Proposed Electrical !York:
r-- Canr letio►r of the follnvirrQ Liable Lina be waived b tl / ' `
Nat of Recessed Fixtures
No, of Lighting Outlets
No, of Ceii,-Susp. (Paddle) Falls
No. of Hot Tubs
re ns cctor of
°' ° Total
Fraltsfonucrs LA
Generators KAVA
i o. o merguilcy tg ung
Batte Units
No. of Lighting Fixtures
Sirimnling Pool Above ❑ in- ❑
Lind. Lind.
No. of Receptacle Outlets
No. of Oil Burners
;FIRE ALARt
:J_
iYo. of Zones
No. of Switches
No. of Ranges
No. of Gas Burners
No. of Air Cond. oral
Tons
. of Detection and
Initiating Devices k
No, of Alerting Devices
No. of Waste Disposers
No. of Dishwashers
Heat Pump Number Eons_ Ihl
Totals: — -
Space/Area Heating KW
No. o Sel - ontaincd
Detection/Alerting Devices
Local ❑ iv Untcipa
Connection CD Other
No. ref Dryers
Healing Appliances I{�y
Security Systems:
No, of Devices or Equivalent
Daia Wiring:
No. oflleviccs or Equivalent
lelecomnruatcattons 1 •irtt;g:
No. o.f llevices or E uivalent
t o. ^f Nater
IIealcrs KiV
tVo. of No. of
Signs Ballasts
No. H}drontassage Bathtubs
OTHER:
No. oftllotors Total HP
daadr additional detail if desired. or as required by the Inspector of {Vires.
INSURAiIiCE COI EltAGE: Unless waived by the ou-ner, no permit for the performance of electrical work may issue unless
the licensee provides proof of liability insurance including "completed operation" coverage or its substantial equivalent. The
undersigned certifies that such coverage is fn force, and has exhibited proof of same to the permit issuing office.
CHECK ONE' I`rSUR1\NCE [/ BOND ❑ OTHER ❑ (Specify:)
03
Estimated Value of Electrical Work:' (When required by municipal policy-) (Exp ation Date)
Work to Start:Inspections to be requested in accordance with MEC Rule 10, and upon completion.
I ccr tifj , utulcr the dins mrdclu
palties of perjury; Mal the information oil flus application is true and complete.
FULNI NAME:
` LIC. NO.:
Licensee: I A2ie_ P4 Signature
(If applicable, enter "cYra�pt" in roe license n umber line LIC. i`i O.: o10S�' t,
Address: 66X A r O 3 Bus. Tel. No;•
OWNER' 1NSUR.ANCE NVA1VER: 1 am aware that the Licensee docs not have the liability insurance overage normallyrequired by law. B\ my signature below, I hereby waive this requirement. 1 atn the (check onc) ❑ owner ❑ o« ner's agent.
Oivner/Agent
Signature Telephone No. Pi:RMIT rEE• : S