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HomeMy WebLinkAboutMiscellaneous - Berry Street (3)rn TECHNICAL REPORT SE' - 9 2013 BOARD OF APPEALS HISTORIC CEMETERY DELINEATION BERRY FARM CEMETERY RIDING ACADEMY PRESERVE PROJECT AREA North Andover, Massachusetts Jenifer Banister Joseph N. Waller, Jr. Submitted to: North Andover Holdings, LLC 231 Sutton Street, Suite 1 B North Andover, Massachusetts 01845 Submitted by: The Public Archaeology Laboratory, Inc. 26 Main Street Pawtucket, Rhode Island 02860 pqn'I r r% I= PAL Report No. 2817 June 2013 PAL Publications CARTOGRAPHERS Dana M. Richardi/Jane Miller GIS SPECIALIST Jane Miller GRAPHIC DESIGN/PACE LAYOUT SPECIALISTS Alytheia M. Laughlin/Gail M. Van Dyke MANAGEMENT ABSTRACT PAL conducted a historic cemetery delineation of the Berry Farm Cemetery in North Andover, Massachusetts. Historic cemetery delineation involved machine -assisted topsoil removal along the cemetery's northwest, west, and southwest sides in proximity to areas of project -related impacts associated with the proposed Riding Academy Preserve development. Machine -assisted topsoil removal demonstrated that the Berry Farm Cemetery was established atop a rise elevated above a surrounding wetland. Soils consisted of landscaping fills overlying B Horizon subsoils and/or poorly drained wetland soils. Twentieth century garbage that included tires, construction materials, and plastic tarps were incorporated within the wetland fills at the northwestern and southwestern cemetery corners. More recent improvements to the area to facilitate drainage of the wetland were also observed in the southwestern study area. A pet burial was exposed beneath a medium-sized rock approximately 10 feet west of the existing split -rail fence. Animal remains were reburied in the trench following topsoil removal and archaeological confirmation that the exposed remains were those of a medium-sized mammal and not human. No unmarked graves or other human burial related features were identified during the historic cemetery delineation of the Berry Farm Cemetery. Consequently, the western cemetery limits, as currently defined by a split -rail wooden fence and the vegetated tree line, appear to represent the actual limits of cemetery interments. PAL recommends that project proponents proceed with the proposed development as currently planned. Additional cemetery delineation may be warranted if construction plans are revised to infringe upon the cemetery's south and east sides. Archival research conducted in advance of archaeological fieldwork indicated that the grave of Seth Farnum is situated outside the limits of the Berry Farm Cemetery. This grave is situated south of Turnpike Street (Route 1 ] 4) and will not be impacted by project construction. S TABLE OF CONTENTS MANAGEMENTABSTRACT..............................................................................................................i 1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 ProjectScope and Authority.............................................................................................................. 4 ProjectPersonnel........................................................................................................................ 4 Disposition of Project Materials........................................................................................................ 4 2. METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................5 ArchivalResearch............................................................................................................................. 5 FieldInvestigations........................................................................................................................... 5 Site Mapping and Documentation...................................................................................................... 6 3. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT................................................................................................... 7 Geologyand Geomorphology............................................................................................................ 7 Soils.................................................................................................................................................. 8 Hydrology......................................................................................................................................... 8 4. GENERAL HISTORY OF NORTH ANDOVER........................................................................10 Early Settlement Period (A.D. 1620-1675)...................................................................................... 10 Colonial Period (1675-1.775)........................................................................................................... 13 Federal Period (1775-1830)............................................................................................................ 13 Industrial Period (1830-1915)......................................................................................................... 13 Modern Period (1915—present)........................................................................................................ 16 5. RESULTS OF THE SURVEY......................................................................................................19 Results of the Archival Research..................................................................................................... 19 FieldInvestigations......................................................................................................................... 28 Walkover/Surface Inspection.................................................................................................... 28 SubsurfaceTesting.................................................................................................................... 30 6. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................34 Summary and Discussion................................................................................................................ 34 Recommendations........................................................................................................................... 34 REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................... 37 APPENDICES A TABLE OF HEADSTONES PRESENT IN THE BERRY FARM CEMETERY AT THE TIME OF THE SURVEY.......................................................................................6............ 39 B PROJECT CORRESPONDENCE.............................................................................................. 47 PAL Report No. 2817 iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1. Location of the town of North Andover within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts................................................................................................................ 1 Figure 1-2. Location of the Andover Riding Academy/Berry Farm cemetery project area on the Lawrence, MA USGS topographic quadrangle .............................................. 2 Figure 2-1. Berry Pond and the Berry Farm Cemetery, view facing south ......................................... 3 Figure 1-3. Detail of the proposed Andover Riding Academy Development showing the location of the Berry Farm cemetery ............................................................................... 5 Figure 3-1. Physiographic zones of New England showing the location of the Town of North Andover, Massachusetts (source: Fenneman 1938) ........................................... 7 Figure 3-2. Drainage basins map of Massachusetts showing the location of the Andover Riding Academy/Berry Farm cemetery project area ..................................... Figure 4-1. 1830 Map of Andover showing the location of the Andover Riding Academy/ Berry Farm cemetery project area (Dorman 1830) ........................................................ 14 Figure 4-2. 1852 map of Andover showing the location of the Andover Riding Academy/Berry Farm cemetery project area (Walling 1852)..................................................................15 Figure 4-3. 1872 map of North Andover showing the location of the Andover Riding Academy/Berry Farm cemetery project area (Beers 1872) ............................................. 17 Figure 5-1. Gravestone of Daniel Farrington, view facing east ........................................................ 20 Figure 5-2. Gravestone of Lydia Town, Rebecca Town and Hamon Town, view facingeast.................................................................................................................... 21 Figure 5-3. Gravestone of Peter Town, view facing east.................................................................. 21 Figure 5-4. Gravestone of Jacob Berry, view facing east................................................................. 22 Figure 5-5. Gravestone of Susannah Berry, view facing east ............................. Figure 5-6. Gravestone of Jacob Berry, Ancil Berry and Jacob W. Berry, view facing east .............. 24 Figure 5-7. Gravestone of Hiram Berry, view facing east................................................................ 24 Figure 5-8. Gravestone of Anna W. Berry, view facing east............................................................ 25 Figure 5-9. 1909 plan of land belonging to William Beck, No. Andover, Massachusetts (Smith 1909)................................................................................................................ 26 iv PAL Report No. 2817 List of Figures Figure 5-10. Gravestone of Seth Farnum, view facing north.............................................................. 28 Figure 5-11. Front entrance to Berry Farm Cemetery, view facing east ............................................. 28 Figure 5-12. Site plan showing the archaeological testing and cemetery features................Back Pocket Figure 5-13. Uninscribed, crude granite gravestone, view facing east ................................................ 29 Figure 5-14. Machine excavation of a portion of MT -1, view facing south ........................................ 30 Figure 5-15. Profile of MT -1, west wall............................................................................................ 31 Figure 5-16. Profile of MT -1, east wall............................................................................................. 31 Figure 5-17. Machine excavation of a portion of MT -2, view facing southeast .................................. 32 Figure 5-18. Machine excavation of a portion of MT -3, view facing northwest ................................. 32 PAL Report No. 2817 v LIST OF TABLES Table 4-1. Historic Cultural Chronology for Essex County, Massachusetts .................................... 11 Table 5-1. Berry Farm Cemetery Recorded Interments.................................................................. 21 vi PAL Report No. 2817 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION North Andover Holdings, LLC is proposing development of the former Andover Riding Academy property in North Andover, Massachusetts (Figure 1-1). The proposed Riding Academy Preserve development will include 240 units of rental housing on approximately 26.86 acres of land in five, four- story buildings each with a clubhouse/community building and associated amenities, infrastructure, parking, and landscaping north of Berry Street and east of Boston Hill (Figures 1-2 and 1-3). The historical Berry Farm Cemetery is situated within the proposed development area. The Berry Farm Cemetery was established in the eighteenth century. The split rail fence surrounding the cemetery is not original, and it was considered possible that unmarked interments extended beyond the currently defined limits of the cemetery into areas of proposed construction. Accordingly, North Andover Holdings, LLC retained PAL (The Public Archaeology Laboratory, Inc.) to conduct a historic cemetery delineation of the Berry Farm cemetery. This report presents the results of the historic cemetery delineation and offers management recommendations based on the results of the archival research and the field investigations. Figure 1-1. Location of the town of North Andover within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. PAL Report No. 2817 1 Chapter One `�' y ` � ''� °L Z '��. '�� �-, �� / ••' �r� 1` � �"� l�''-5�ti .'\��l ltGmvei� ��id-�� -"�'. �_ / y y dot f ll� HA/LOFAiiRR I A i`�� v •� ; �( is / - J _- `�J% bbl � �t✓` , �j.1� � ` � � �� 'J� `�, � ,lit ��'.'t art. � �n 6� ia3f .�'1„� `�•- `�•z � -tj 1 l �--� FOR `sx ` - � Cemetery � \_� VI. �, ���) + r� .1 C. ,l`F I •�\ +.o��i/ O+prT 0 i �r�. •li\/'� C./'�(ti, ar��, 1 KGVnO MW f 1 , • ..- � �” `,. � � � i% orl � �... i "� ' ��. 1 ��j`�=� -f t��-Y'y,,,RORE�t y�• - •, t ' o � cf1 � c �D 1 �o ,. �/��1"' .• �A Pon fro Z < ��:r� ` io_ �� 1.`� N RT De Magnetic Declination , �1t'S''t'A'FrE`FCt lt; s , , � � J ` udd SCALE 1:24000 ~� it� �•{ 0 1MILES - as •.- , 0 x000 YARDS �• 0 1 KILOMETER Figure 1-2. Location of the Andover Riding Academy/Berry Farm cemetery project area on the Lawrence, MA USGS topographic quadrangle. 2 PAL Report No. 2817 WA 7 Introduction 0 O 01 PAL Report No. 2817 3 Chapter One Project Scope and Authority The cemetery delineation was designed to define the western limits of the cemetery and determine if unmarked burials extended into project work areas. Historic cemetery delineation was conducted in accordance with relevant federal and state statutes and regulations pertaining to cultural resources and historic preservation such as Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended (36 CFR 800), Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 9, Sections 26-27C (950 CMR 70-71), the Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act (MEPA) (301 CMR 11), and Massachusetts's Unmarked Burial Laws (Massachusetts General Laws: Ch 114, Section 17; Ch 38, Section 613, Ch 9, Sections 26A & 27C, and Ch 7 Section 38A). All tasks associated with this project were undertaken in accordance with the standards outlined in the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation (48 FR 44716, 1983) and the Massachusetts Historical Commission's (MHC) Public Planning and Environmental Review: Archaeology and Historic Preservation (1979). This report also follows the guidelines established by the National Park Service (NPS) in the Recovery of Scientific, Prehistoric, Historic, and Archaeological Data (36 CFR Part 66, Appendix A). Project Personnel PAL personnel involved in the historic cemetery delineation include Joseph Waller (principal investigator), Jennifer Banister (project archaeologist) and Kirk Van Dyke (archaeologist). Archival research for the project was conducted by Jennifer Banister in April 2013.prior to fieldwork. Fieldwork was conducted on May 8-9, 2013 under Permit to Conduct Archaeological Field Investigation Number 3379 issued by the Massachusetts State Archaeologist and the MHC on April 12, 2013. Disposition of Project Materials All project information (field forms, maps, photographs, etc.) is currently on file at PAL, 26 Main Street, Pawtucket, Rhode Island. PAL serves as a temporary curation facility until such time as the Commonwealth of Massachusetts designates a permanent state repository. 4 PAL Report No. 2817 The Berry Farm Cemetery measures approximately 50 -x -150 -feet (ft) (7,500 sq ft). The cemetery is slightly elevated from the surrounding landscape. A partial split - rail fence with an associated opening on the west side provides access to the cemetery. Man-made drainage features surround the eastern half of the cemetery and Berry Pond is located approximately 60-70 ft to the northeast (Figure 2-1). The goal of the historic cemetery delineation was to determine if unmarked graves continued beyond the current limits of the Berry Farm Cemetery and encroached upon areas of proposed subsurface impacts associated with the proposed Riding Academy Preserve development. The survey Figure 2-1. methodology consisted of athree-phased view facing south. approach that included archival research, machine -assisted topsoil removal, and site mapping/documentation. CHAPTER TWO METHODOLOGY Berry Pond and the Berry Farm Cemetery, Archival Research Archival research was intended to provide information on the size, location, age, extent, and content of the burial ground. It encompassed a review of town/county land evidence and probate records as well as family genealogy records of the Berry family. Land evidence records were obtained from the Northern Essex County and Southern Essex County Registry of Deeds in Lawrence and Salem, respectively. A 1930 monograph entitled "Farm and Neighborhood Cemeteries of Andover and North Andover, Massachusetts, Including Stone Inscriptions", compiled by Lenora White McQuesten was also reviewed at the Memorial Hall Library in Andover. This document contained information about the Berry Farm Cemetery including some genealogical notes on a few of the women buried there. PAL also contacted the North Andover Historical Society, although it did not supply any additional pertinent information on the Berry Farm Cemetery. Archival research also involved a review of site-specific local geography, geology, and soils, local history, MHC archaeological site files, and historic maps of North Andover. Field Investigations In cases where a cemetery's boundaries are uncertain or unknown, machine -assisted topsoil removal is an effective means of identifying unmarked graves and delineating the limits of cemetery interments. Machine -assisted topsoil removal of the Berry Farm Cemetery was limited to the west, northwest, and southwest sides of the burial ground, excluding a drainage feature and flagged wetland areas. PAL Report No. 2817 5 Chapter Two Machine -assisted excavation was used and some care was taken on the north and south sides to avoid disturbing large trees whose root systems could have impacted burials contained within the cemetery. Machine -work continued approximately 20 to 25 ft beyond the visible cemetery limits. Machine -assisted archaeological testing consisted of mechanical removal of site area topsoils in systematic linear rows within project impact areas to intersect unmarked grave shafts. Grave shafts, if present, were expected to be oriented east/west, similar to those observed within the burial ground. Arco Excavators of North Andover supplied a KoMatsu mini excavator equipped with a flat blade scraping edge to remove the topsoils. PAL staff closely monitored the removal of topsoils and followed the excavator using square shovels and masonry trowels to clean the topsoil/subsoil interface and inspect exposed trench floors for evidence of grave shafts, buried burial markers, or other cultural features that might have been located outside the readily visible limits of the cemetery. Machine trenches measured approximately 3 ft in width and ranged between roughly 40 and 80 ft in length. Trenches were excavated into sterile subsoils to depths ranging between 2 and 4 ft below the ground surface. Following archaeological recording, trenches were re -filled and the ground surface was restored to its original topographic contours. Site Mapping and Documentation Field tasks involved mapping the spatial distribution and layout of testing areas in relation to both the existing cemetery proposed Riding Academy Preserve development areas. Digital photographs were taken of the machine -work and testing areas, the cemetery parcel, and the surrounding landscape. The cemetery including the split -rail fence, individual headstones and footstones, and depressions and areas of machine - assisted trenching were mapped using a Trimble GeoXT sub -meter Global Positioning System (GPS) handheld receiver. Each burial marker contained within the cemetery was photographed and measured with information recorded on the stone (decoration and transcription) recorded. This information is presented in Appendix A. 6 PAL Report No. 2817 CHAPTER THREE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT The environmental context of a given area, including its geology, topography, hydrology, and natural resources, plays a significant role in assessing potential human activity that took place within an area over time. This chapter presents an overview of the environmental setting of the Riding Academy Preserve/Berry Farm Cemetery proceeding from macrolevel considerations, such as the effects of glacial activity on the regional landscape, to project area -specific conditions. Geology and Geomorphology The town of North Andover is situated within the New England Seaboard Lowland physiographic zone in northeastern Massachusetts (Figure 3-1). The New England Seaboard Lowland is characterized by gently rolling terrain and low-lying knolls interspersed with broad stream valleys and swamps. The Riding Academy Preserve project area is elevated 40 meters above mean sea level (as]) (131 feet asl). Bedrock in northeastern Massachusetts is arranged in narrow bands between two major southwest/northeast trending faults: the Clinton - Newbury and Bloody Bluff faults. The project area is situated within the Nasboba lithotectonic subdivision between the Merrimack Belt to the north and the Milford -Dedham Zone to the south. Underlying bedrock of the immediate project corridor includes Sharpners Pond Diorite (Ssgd), which is a non -foliated equigranular biotite-horneblende tonalite and diorite of Silurian Age (Zen et al. 1983). Ordovician Age Boxford Member amphibolite (OZnb) and Fish Brook Gneiss (OZf) outcrop north and east of _c Riding Academy Project Area O t _ L Lr I4�1JV`` � �V ` \ JJ wnsrnl, vl.nm 1 0 so 100.i i 0 60 120 Am the site area, respectively(Zen et al. 1983). The Clinton -Newbury Fault, which runs just north of Figure 3-1. Physiographic zones of New England Lake Cochichewick, separates the underlying showing the location of the Town of North Andover, bedrock of the Mosquito Brook Site from the Massachusetts (source: Fenneman 1938). metamorphosed sandstone of the Merrimack Belt. The Bloody Bluff Fault forms the boundary of the Nashoba and the Milford -Dedham lithotectonic subdivisions of eastern Massachusetts separating bedrock of the Sharpners Pond Pluton with that of the Brittlely Deformed Terrane. PAL Report No. 2817 7 Chapter Three The surficial geology of North Andover was largely determined by glacial and fluvial dynamics. Massive glaciers advanced over the region approximately 17,500 years ago. As the glaciers advanced, the ice plucked, scoured, and eroded the local bedrock. The glacial advance and subsequent retreat realigned drainages and deposited till and boulder erractics, incorporated into the thick glacial ice, along its course. Flowing meltwaters and stationary blocks of ice created various landforms (drumlins, kame terraces, eskers, moraines, outwash plains etc.) that are still visible on the North Andover landscape. The erosional forces of wind and water continued to scour and transform the southern New England surface as the glaciers continued their retreat northward. Glacial meltwaters slowly drained into the oceans resulting in a gradual increase in mean sea level. A series of vegetative successions began by 14,000 years ago following soil deposition and development (Ogden 1977). North Andover is situated within upland ground moraine and till: an unsorted mixture of glacial deposits that include sand, silts, rocks, and boulders. A ground moraine complex characterizes southern portions of town. Additional glacial features evident across the greater landscape include drumlins (large narrow hills formed of rocky till) and quite possibly a kame deposit at Claypit Hill (North Andover Open Space Committee 2000). A kame is a sandy and gravelly deposit of stratified glacial drift. High clay content in regional soils prohibits soil drainage and contributed to the development of an extensive wetland system created by glacial meltwaters in southern portions of the town. Soils Soils are the product of chemical and physical weathering of geological material including bedrock. Glacial ice picked up and ground bedrock that was then transported and deposited as a mixture of unweathered rock particles. These sediments were then separated and sorted by glacial meltwaters. Strong winds distributed fine eolian (windblown) particles over the southern New England landscape. Vegetation became established, chemical processes of weathering increased, and rock sediments developed into soils. Differences in regional soils are primarily attributed to the interaction of the five factors of soil formation: the parent material, climate, living organisms, relief, and time. Soils within the Berry Farm cemetery area of the Riding Academy Preserve development are identified as Sudbury Fine Sandy Loam, 0-3 percent slopes (MRCS 2013, USDA 1981). Sudbury series soils are classified as very deep, nearly level, moderately well drained soils on terraces and outwash plains. The soils formed in acid glacial outwash derived mainly from gneiss and granite (USDA 1981). Hydrology The Berry Farm Cemetery and Riding Academy Preserve are located in the Ipswich River drainage near the border with the Shawsheen River drainage (Figure 3-2). The headwaters of the Ipswich River are formed by many small tributary streams located in the interior wetlands of Tewksbury, Wilmington, Burlington, and Reading. The Ipswich River flows generally northeast through the towns of North Reading, Topsfield, and Ipswich where it empties into the Atlantic Ocean. The Shawsheen River basin has a watershed of 78 square miles comprised of 60 miles of stream as well as 18 lakes and ponds (Simcox 1992:24). The Shawsheen River flows in a northeasterly direction through Andover to its confluence with the Merrimack River. The river drainage has a total length of about 25 miles from Bedford to the Merrimack River in Lawrence. It forms the southeastern edge of the Merrimack drainage basin running parallel to, and only a short distance east of, the Concord River. 8 PAL Report No. 2817 Environmental Context Figure 3-2. Drainage basins map of Massachusetts showing the location of the Andover Riding Academy/Berry Farm cemetery project area. PAL Report No. 2817 9 CHAPTER FOUR GENERAL HISTORY OF NORTH ANDOVER Chapter Four of this report summarizes first European exploration and settlement of North Andover and the subsequent development of the town. The post -contact periods for Middlesex County are divided into distinct temporal subdivisions as summarized in Table 4-1. This review is by no means exhaustive, but provides a general framework for understanding the history of land use for those occupying the Riding Academy Preserve and surrounding area during the historic period and wound up buried within the Berry Farm Cemetery. Early Settlement Period (A.D. 1620-1675) Prior to European settlement, the Andover area was inhabited by Native Americans variously referred to as Pawtucket or Penacook who lived along the coast from the north side of Massachusetts Bay, in the vicinity of Salem and Saugus, to York Village in Maine. Their subsistence patterns included a variety of seasonally regulated activities such as hunting, fishing and shellfishing, collection of wild plants, and horticulture. Trails are conjectured to have followed rivers and streams. Trade with Europeans had an immediate impact on the economy and material culture of Native Americans. Traditional late pre -contact Native American material assemblages were supplemented by European trade items that included copper, brass, and iron pots, metal tools and knives, bottles, jugs, and cloth. A dependency on European trade goods quickly began to erode the native cultural system. Depopulation and disorganization caused by the pandemic of 1617 to 1619 intensified this process. During the First Settlement Period (1620-1675), the Great and General Court of Massachusetts set aside a portion of land in Essex County for an inland plantation known as the Plantation at Merrimack, This plantation included parts of what are now Andover, North Andover, and South Lawrence. In order to encourage settlement, early colonists were offered three years immunity from taxes, levies and services (except military service). The first permanent settlement in the Andover area was established in 1641 by John Woodbridge and a group of settlers from Newbury and Ipswich. Shortly after they arrived, they purchased a piece of land from the local Pennacook and the Village at Chochichawick (Andover) was established. In 1646 the settlement was incorporated as a town and was named Andover. Originally most of the Andover area was common land used by the residents of the village (North Andover). The founders of Andover received from 4 to 20 acres of land depending on their economic and social standing. Simon Bradstreet, a magistrate and one of the settlement's most prominent citizens, and yoeman John Osgood received 20 acres, while the majority of the town's 40 settlers that received house lots in the area prior to 1662 received just four acres apiece. The village of Andover was laid out in the English open field tradition. Homes and the meetinghouse were built in the village center, while agricultural fields were placed at least a mile from the residential areas. New paths and cart ways were established radiating out from the village to access these common lands located to the north and west. Other roads linked the village with Reading, Haverhill, Boston, and Salem. The citizens of Andover continued to practice the open field tradition for approximately twenty years. After that time, it became more common for landowners to build their homes nearer their farms (Larson 1995:1). The movement from the nucleated village led to the settlement of the southwest part of the town of Andover. 10 PAL Report No. 2817 General History of North Andover PAL Report No. 2817 11 y ^ G/ T .c^y � 1 U O O R C1 0 i Cl •� ro L E i U o E= E T'O E U ^ "0 o `� u v •= n c v 'r 'v u v i •p h L ' y y a F pm o cYso ro U U tb by U M U " UtaiZI - Y ro T G eC — v C V U ro 4• va '7. p .�. y0 0 3 a n.p ' o ° o 7 v no G ro T 7 L U r G U U CI} U% C E NU'o c N 3 -o '0 i_5f- U O w UCi d LTi y J iJ m Q. O U .II C t y i cC. v E 3 a c - c 0 > v c N R ^ Cn � U 4y ro v y E a �+ - c o y Q t. ro. O L E U O U V U p SLIZ' r m ..+ ` r- N Q: E ao a w 10 is � v .°.�. i< > u s .= >° "� U e F 2 J rot N C Ur U - F C J F C U C U O U t N U s y U C ) .`tn. EOp= X Ut m ' .F LL NU L� m _ NU t - °>°-°.o E w CJ RS Q L �p m ro N p O= U L ro v O z y rs ro vC O 'E E T N E t G D p =6 U '� t R •Y L C U C .=C UCU .9 Onr t +-• UU V.nz.7 E EO ro C- s>,—u a ro m u 3 E N10 ctlO� ro a= v v L ti o Q 3 v c v Mei > n.V 4 U X, E o o W `t u c_ R2 a��ib` u Gt` c^ Ub v-v� co ° R � 'y � y cyi — � �O v •.� v c�� s v � ro a�� �` n U FC. cn r O U Lu U - °, O .a O L' ^.1, = C m R d t y `� - > oCp ti ti¢ t V.6 -b q0 T70 Lu to Li.]_N C ^ M U� F �,� O.« U= y� 6G cn y 31 cccn._ �= aT• o M, r >_ on E G F N O V � U 2 0 c`- c V Ua PAL Report No. 2817 11 Chapter Four Y C C O V O O '✓) U J - '� _. E _y 7'_ rJ T vi M E � CJ L5I1 �' C C10C - -5.2 v. 'J V 7 E J 9 :! J ._ c yJ 5 e D E° c$ m= [ s E• u - ou c � � U - i V. -0 E' U-.+ J y �. rf C a r n - y1= ,- G ❑ t7. En mt o c p 7 C :0 o U h L c c U C 272 E Ev n. M •v l Z - z 7 E '� s v v E U o ti t 5 E ^ C E c oV'o �- c .c = aJ z = yl.�i o• E o - r _j r E -- .'v.�r r uiz - = E L _ U ._E - L` 7 ^ O i TZEL un E 3 G iJ •^ Cc w v u C 'C 'vV' •, S- O Q Y_ t_ E - G a C U > G J L �• v L 'V rc V C n C> M 5 y 7 C E � x m our ° v a Vi=a v y r o� o .o v J Ou.a U 'E_ v- 7-2 E G 7 t•3 � .11 .^. r A p IU , C J > LJ O C � c7 � �� E� U r C 4- •'JJ `.�. v O -G a E 0-5 E c .- j L r U •- C J = J `Et'Y �a� _ESS G - n �� E 4. C o`CC E L N - G 7<! O i fi r" E G•, �1- Ev C J�� 'G � j j � U - i U j C v11 G T U •R L 'O O ] - a j l I y l W - 12 PAL Report No. 2817 General History of North Andover Colonial Period (1675-1775) In the Colonial Period, town boundaries evolved as bounds between Andover and "Billerickey" (1658) and "Wills Hills" (1678) were established (Guzzi 1975). The village of Andover began to expand southward as new settlers moved into the area and sons who did not inherit land, acquired property outside the family holdings. By 1693, a new meetinghouse was needed to accommodate the town's rising population. Arguments ensued regarding the placement of the meetinghouse. Those in northern Andover wished to build the meetinghouse in the north, while those in southern Andover understandably wished for it to be built in the town's southern region. Others attempted to be diplomatic suggesting a more centralized location. Along with the population increase, family disputes and demographic differences made the division of the community into two segments a viable option. In 1709, the General Court of Massachusetts ordered that Andover be divided into northern and southern parishes. The north parish retained the original meetinghouse, leaving the south parish to construct its own (Larson 1995:2). Both of Andover's northern and southern parishes continued to expand throughout the eighteenth century. Although agriculture remained the predominant subsistence economy in both parishes, a larger commercial center emerged in the South Parish. Initially, industry was a small part of the economy. The first rights were given to tanners by 1675, and in 1682, rights were given to anyone who would set up a sawmill, fulling mill, and gristmill on the Shawsheen River near Rogers Brook. Other industries established on the Shawsheen included ironworks and a powder mill. Two institutions of learning (Andover Theological Seminary and Phillips Academy) also facilitated the commercial expansion of South Parish. Federal Period (1775-1830) Expansion of the roadway network in Andover occurred during the Federal Period (Figure 4-1). The Andover and Medfield Turnpike (1807), a privately franchised toll road, was the major interregional roadway through Andover. Following the American Revolution, the economic base shifted from agriculture to manufacturing. The establishment of Phillips Gun Powder Mill on the Shawsheen River in 1775 was the start of a movement toward localized manufacturing of goods. Phillips expanded his operations to include the manufacture of paper and following an explosion that destroyed the powder mill in 1796 shifted exclusively to the production of paper. In 1794, Andover invested capital into the Newburyport Woolen Mill and manufactured most of the machinery that went into the mill. During the early nineteenth century, two of the four mill privileges on the Shawsheen changed from agriculture milling to cotton and woolen mills. Abbot Mills in Abbot Village produced cotton and woolen goods and used so much power that other mill owners were forced to relocate, establishing Marland Village. Another privilege was established on the Shawsheen at Frye Village. Despite the emphasis on manufacturing, many residents of Andover still practiced agriculture. Due to the tremendous population growth that continued into the nineteenth century, a west parish separated from the south in 1826 (Larson 1995:2). Industrial Period (1830-1915) Andover's economic dependence on manufacturing solidified during the early years of the Early Industrial Period (1830-1870) (Figure 4-2). Each of the early mill privileges developed into textile manufacturing villages. Textile manufacturing firms were incorporated in Ballardvalle and Marland and Fry Villages. The completion of the Boston and Lowell Railroad in 1835 provided a major boost in that it PAL Report No. 2817 13 Chapter Four i; s. w zs V M, 14 PAL Report No. 2817 General History of North Andover U C ,L 0 C w O Ow e� kn N 00 N r— in N 00 Z PAL Report No. 2817 15 Chapter Four enabled manufacturers to get their product to market more easily. Agriculture remained a viable economic activity, producing hay, grains, potatoes, fruit and firewood. The textile industry began to establish roots in Essex County along the Merrimack and the Shawsheen Rivers following the American Revolution. The Essex Company purchased land from nearby Methuen and a portion of Andover's West Parish for the purposes of building a dam on the Merrimack River. The Essex Company's purchases resulted in the new industrial town of Lawrence. Nevertheless while the surrounding areas were becoming increasingly more urban, Andover remained primarily agricultural (Larson 1995: 2). Despite the division of Andover into North and South parishes and the construction of separate meetinghouses, many of the South Parish's townsfolk continued to travel to the North Parish to attend town meetings and vote. By 1850, the population had grown to 7,000. None of the town's meetinghouses could accommodate the town's voting base. Accordingly, the South Parish petitioned the legislature's Committee on Towns to partition Andover along the 1709 parish dividing line. The Committee granted the request on March 9, 1855. Andover's North Parish was renamed North Andover, while the former South and West Parishes retained the moniker of Andover (Larson 1995). The town's total population more than doubled during the Late Industrial Period (1870-1915), starting at 2,549 and ending at 5,556. Economic interests and employment in the town continued to shift from agriculture to industry and trades (Figure 4-3). Manufacturing consolidated its hold on the Late Industrial economy of the town as expansion in the machine shop and textile mills vastly enlarged manufacturing employment opportunities. Between 1875 and 1915 the number of men employed in manufacturing rose from 511 to 1141 representing 59 percent of all occupations rising to 70 percent respectively (MHC 1985). Despite the decline in the number of farms and farmers, the value of agricultural product coming from the town increased tremendously nearly doubling by 1905. In 1875 hay was the principal product followed by vegetables and milk. By 1905 milk and other dairy products were first in value followed by hay, straw and fodder, and vegetables (MHC 1985). Modern Period (1915—present) Increased automobile travel stimulated several changes to North Andover's transportation networks during the Early Modern Period (1915-1940). By 1926 the Old Essex Railroad or Salem and Lawrence Railroad mad its last run in Middleton and probably ended in North Andover around the same time. Increases in automobile travel also brought varying degrees of improvement to the roads. These improvements along with the introduction of water and sewer systems and professional fire and police departments advanced suburbanization and further redirected development in North Andover (MHC 1985). The population of North Andover increased substantially throughout the twentieth-century with the success of the textile mills, attracting many immigrants to the area. The population nearly doubled between 1890 and 1950, from less than 5,000 to just under 10,000 people. Manufacturing employment continued to expand, but the principal industrial development in the mid -twentieth century was construction of the Western Electric Company campus, manufacturers of telephone and telegraph equipment. Davis and Furber Machine Co., Sutton's Mills and J.P. Stevens and Co. all remained in business throughout the period despite the general decline of textiles and related manufacturing in New England during and following the Great Depression. Agriculture similarly decreased in importance during this period (MHC 1985). 16 PAL Report No. 2817 �u M General History of North Andover i '.A"U r fiFos MM L 4 q b� tsY ruliar p ' • •.• rn�,nom sa left 77rpn . /iJiry,[fU. tllnm J+! 1 j Berry Farm Cemetery_. - 1 � A L E T 0 N �+ .7h...ylrrry. •� Fir �1 4 � � I f� MIoOLESEx C NTY, j Y Fra/r„/'.�zt./irr/rr•.,•/n l✓r�;1l/•. Y Figure 4-3. 1872 map of North Andover showing the location of the Andover Riding Academy/Berry Farm cemetery project area (Beers 1872). PAL Report No. 2817 17 Chapter Four Despite the closing of many mills a substantial increase in population occurred again in the second half of the twentieth century due to suburban ization and the construction of routes 93 and 495. By 2000, the population rose to over 26,000 (North Andover Historical Society 2013). 18 PAL Report No. 2817 CHAPTER FIVE RESULTS OF THE SURVEY The Berry Farm Cemetery is situated within the southeastern limits of the proposed Riding Academy Preserve development area (see Figure 1-2). An online database of interments describes the Berry Farm Cemetery as containing 36 burials (http://www.fmdagrave.com/cgi-in/fg.cgi?page=gsr&GScid=2173844). Dates of burial reportedly contained within the cemetery range from 1764 (Daniel Farrington) to 2007 (Elmer O. Neumann) with 33 of the burials dating to the nineteenth century. Archival resources and fieldwork conducted as elements of the historic cemetery delineation suggest that it is unlikely that Mr. Neumann is buried at this location (see below). Demographic information pertaining to those interred within the cemetery are presented in Table 5-1 and Appendix A. Archival research and subsurface investigations were used in conjunction to establish the land use history of the Berry Farm Cemetery and to determine the potential for unmarked graves to be located within impact areas associated with the Riding Academy Preserve project area. The results of each of these activities are presented below. Results of the Archival Research Land evidence records on file at the Northern Essex Registry of Deeds in Lawrence and the Southern Essex Registry of Deeds in Salem were reviewed prior to the commencement of fieldwork. First mention of the Berry Farm Cemetery is made in a deed dated March 31, 1783. This deed records the sale seventeen acres of land including the dwelling house, barn, and other buildings thereon from Philip Farington to Peter Town. The conveyed parcel is described as consisting of tillage mowing & orcharding. Specific exception is made in the deed for the Berry Farm Cemetery "as far as the land has been improved for a Burying place then northwardly to the line of said John Farrington's land so that the said Burying ground be excluded from said conveyed premises..." (Southern Essex County Registry of Deeds [SECRD], Book 149, Page 237). Daniel Farrington (d. Feb. 2, 1764; age 58), likely a relation of Philip Farrington, is interred within the cemetery: This is the earliest known burial in the cemetery (Figure 5-1). In 1806, Peter Town deeded this property along with a second to Joel Town for the sum of $1,000. The deed describes the conveyed parcel's bounds "excepting a piece of land contained within the aforementioned bounds left for the priviledge (sic) of a burying place for the use of the inhabitants of that part of said Andover, which is not intended to be granted and conveyed hereby" (SECRD, Book 181, Page 1 ] 3). Peter, his two wives, and one young son are interred in the cemetery. His two wives and young son Hamon share one slate headstone that reads: In Memory of Mrs. Lydia and Mrs. Rebecca Town L. died Dec` 13, 1774 AEt 22 R. died May 16, 1815 AEt 55 HAMON TOWN Son of Mr. and Mrs. P. Town Died Decr 14, 1800 AEt 13 PAL Report No. 2817 19 Chapter Five Table 5-1. Berry Farm Cemetery Recorded Interments. Individual Birth Death Angier, A ca. 1765 February 6, 1849 Angier, Abigail November 1771 August 5, 1860 Berry, Abba February 1779 March 1, 1862 Berry, Ancil September 1822 May 7, 1823 Berry, Anna W. September 1858 August 22, 1871 Berry, D. Putnam December 1846 March 16, 1865 Berry Elijah Unknown June 6, 1831 Berry, Hiram September 1818 October 15, 1819 Berry, Jacob ca. 1790 January 12, 1873 Berry, Jacob ca. 1817 October 10, 1837 Berry, Jacob W. September 1837 November 22, 1837 Berry, Rebecca A. Unknown March 9, 1828 Berry, Samuel ca. 1835 September 27, 1864 Berry, Samuel October 1761 July 9, 1852 Berry, Susannah August 1795 March 15, 1870 Berry, Susannah July 1824 January 26, 1875 Bowdell, Sarah ca. 1772 June 30, 1852 Famam, Benjamin ca. 1772 February 7, 1844 Famam, Ruth (Saltmarsh) ca. 1774 October 10, 1839 Farnham, Jesse February 4, 1793 July 30, 1835 Farnum, Seth* ca. 1806 May 3, 1845 Farrington, Daniel ca. 1706 February 2, 1764 Faulkner, HenryG. March 1840 February 18, 1863 Goodhue, Sarah January 1829 October 30, 1831 Goodhue, William F. January 17, 1822 October 14, 1862 Gray, Benjamin ca. 1796 May 30, 1865 Gray, Cornelius ca. 1799 February 26, 1873 Gray, Harriet N. ca. 1835 March 2, 1856 Gray, Mary (Maruatta) ca. 1795 June 19, 1849 Gray, Nancy G. August 1828 February 15, 1869 Lacey, Hannah (Gray) ca. 1766 December 16, 1827 Nichols, Mercy B. ca. 1790 March 4, 1846 Russell, Tabitha December 1787 June 15, 1867 Town, Hamon ca. 1787 December 14, 1800 Town, Lydia ca. 1752 December 13, 1774 Town, Peter ca. 1749 May 20, 1830 Town, Rebecca ca. 1760 May 16, 1815 * Located outside of cemetery boundary 20 PAL Report No. 2817 Results of the Survey Figure 5-1. Gravestone of Daniel Farrington, view facing east. The combined Town's headstone is made of slate and decorated with a Willow and Urn motif (Figure 5- 2). Peter Town himself (d. May 20, 1830; age 80 years and 9 months) is buried in the cemetery. Similar to that of his wives and son, Mr. Town's headstone is made of slate and adorned with a Willow and Urn. A footstone inscribed with P. T. complements the headstone, while a bronze ASR 1775 Sons of the American Revolution plaque and flag holder placed in front of his headstone suggest that he served in the Revolutionary War (Figure 5-3). The property was first owned by the Berry family in 1815 when Jacob Berry acquired the two Town family parcels from Joel Town for the sum of $1,900 (SECRD, Book 208, Page 223). The parcel containing the Berry Farm burial ground consisted of 14.75 acres. Jacob Berry died January 12, 1873 at the age of 83 and was interred in the burial ground (Figure 5-4). Nevertheless, the first member of the Berry family to be buried in the Berry Farm Cemetery was that of Elijah Berry who died on June 6, 183 1. The property was willed to Jacob Berry's son Albert following his death in 1873. Albert's mother and Jacob's wife died at the age of 74 years, 8 months on March 15, 1870 and is interred within the cemetery (Figure 5-5). At least four of Jacob's and Susannah's children are buried in the Berry Farm Cemetery. One headstone for three of their children stands upright adjacent to Susannah's burial marker and is inscribed as follows: PAL Report No. 2817 21 Chapter Five Figure 5-2. Gravestone of Lydia Town, Rebecca Town and Hamon Town, view facing east. 22 PAL Report No. 2817 Figure 5-3. Gravestone of Peter Town, view facing east. Results of the Survey Figure 5-4. Gravestone of Jacob Berry, view facing east. Figure 5-5. Gravestone of Susannah Berry, view facing east. PAL Report No. 2817 23 Chapter Five Jacob Berry died Oct. 10, 1837 AEt 20 yrs Ancil Berry died May 5, 1823 AEt 9 ms. Jacob W. Berry died Nov. 22, 1837 AEt 10 weeks "Children of Jacob & Susannah Berry" The joint headstone was made of slate and is decorated with a Willow and Urn motif with an urn for each of the children etched into the tympanum/lunette (the crescent-shaped crest of the headstone) (Figure 5- 6). Hiram Berry, the fourth child of Jacob and Susannah Berry received his own slate headstone, which is inscribed: In Memory of Hiram Son of Mr. Jacob & Mrs. Susannah Berry who died Oct. 15, 1819 AD 13 months "Sleep on sweet child and take thy rest. God called thee home he thought it best" (Figure 5-7). Hiram is buried next to his siblings. Albert Berry died on March 26, 1893, although neither he nor his wife Mary appear to be interred in the cemetery. Their 12 year, 11 month year-old daughter Anna W. (d. Aug. 22, 1871) is buried in the cemetery (Figure 5-8). The Berry Farm property was willed to Albert's children Samuel, Charles, and Mary following his death. The children soon after deeded the property to a Mr. William J. Beck in 1909 (SECRD, Book 274, Pages 241-243). The deed records the transfer of: ...two certain tracts of land, situated in said North Andover, with all the buildings thereon, containing twenty-eight and 3/100 acres, and nineteen and 28/100 acres, and situated on the Salem Turnpike, and on both sides of a street known as Berry Street, and shown upon a plan of land belonging to William Beck, drawn by Horace Hale Smith, C.E. dated June 1909 and recorded herewith. Excepting therefrom (sic), however, such rights, if any, as the inhabitants of the Town of Andover may have in and to a certain portion of the said premises to be used by them as a burial place. The deed records that: All of the above premises were formerly the property of Jacob Berry, of said North Andover, grandfather of the grantors herein, who died January 12, 1873, leaving the said premises to his son Albert Berry, by the terms of his will, directing the said son to pay certain legacies provided by the said will and we the grantors, covenant with the grantee herin that the said legacies so provided have been duly paid. The said Albert Berry, father of the grantors herein, having died in said North Andover, May 26, 1893, intestate, leaving us, the said grantors, with our mother, Mary W. Berry, since deceased, as his only heirs at law and next of kin. 24 PAL Report No. 2817 Figure 5-6. Gravestone of Jacob Berry, Ancil Berry and Jacob W. Berry, view facing east. Results of the Survey #g l 4 MroaF,g;ty�JyC_ ,.{kF � 9 F< �r4 df�ef C • ti j !�d4s (! ! • �1 t_.t� Asti :y � u , � 4 '�` Figure 5-7. Gravestone of Hiram Berry, view facing east. PAL Report No. 2817 25 Chapter Five Figure 5-8. Gravestone of Anna W. Berry, view facing east. The survey plan accompanying the 1909 deed clearly shows the two parcels of land conveyed to William Beck along with a house and barn, and the Berry Farm Cemetery accessible via `Barry" (sic) Street (Figure 5-9). William J. Beck deeded the property to Sara B. Beck in 1932 (Northern Essex County Registry of Deeds [NECRD], Book 564, Page 128), who in turn sold the property to Gerard and Ann Proulx on April 1, 1957 (NECRD, Book 852, Page 91). This deed records the size of "said burial lot" as comprising "approximately 7500 square feet." The Proulx's sold the property to the Fiore Family Trust on June 29, 1965. The property passed between different trusts (Fiore Family, Margeson Family, Berry Street) from 1965 on until it was eventually sold to North Andover Holdings LLC on April 30, 2012 (NECRD Book, 1037, Page 321; Book 1357, Page 410; Book 1358, Page 110 & 114; Book 1417, Page 249, Book 1524, Page 103; Book 12923, Page 102). Berry family members interred within the cemetery during the tenures of Jacob Berry (Sr.) through Samuel, Charles, and Mary Berry included Abba Berry, who shares a headstone with her husband previously mentioned Elijah Berry. Abba Berry died on March 1, 1862 at the age of 83 years and 1 month and is said to have died of old age (Find a Grave 2013). Other Berry family members interred within the burial plot include D. Putnam Berry (d. March 16, 1865, age 18 years 5 months); Susannah, wife of Daniel G. Berry (d. Jan. 26, 1875, age 50 years 6 months); Samuel (d. Sept. 27, 1864, age 29); and Samuel and Rebecca A. (d. July 9, 1852, age 90 years 9 months and d. March 9, 1828). Memorials to 14 Berry family members are inscribed on 10 headstones within the cemetery. 26 PAL Report No. 2817 Results of the Survey w PAL Report No. 2817 27 Chapter Five Additional families in the cemetery include those of the Angier (2), Bodwell (1), Faulkner (1), Goodhue (2), Nichols (1), and Russell (1) families and abutting property owners such as the Gray and Farnum families. The earliest marked interment within the cemetery is that of Daniel Farrington (d. 1764). Susannah Berry (d. 1875) may be the latest. The Find a Grave (2013) website records the latest interment in the cemetery as that of Elmer O. Neumann, who died on Aug. 1, 2007. Find a Grave reports that there is no headstone for Mr. Neumann, which was confirmed during the archaeological site visit and walkover. Additionally, PAL archaeologists observed no evidence for recent burial within the cemetery, which would be expected for a grave of only six years. The absence of a headstone combined with no evidence for surface or vegetative disturbances and ground slumping consistent with recent burial suggests a possibility that the inventory of interments recorded on the Find A Grave website may be erroneous with regards to the burial of Mr. Neumann. The veracity of Find A Grave's claim is further questioned by the fact that the website records Mr. Neumann's place of residence both at his birth and at the time of his death as Cook County, Illinois. Minor inaccuracies recorded in the Find A Grave burial transcriptions were confirmed as a result of cross-checking the recorded website burial data with McQuesten's (1930) inventory of Berry Farm Cemetery graves and the field inspection of headstones. Documented discrepancies between these sources of information suggest that the Find A Grave website is prone to error. Demographic information reported in Table 5-1 and Appendix A have been corrected for inaccuracies. Five Gray family members are interred in the cemetery. These include Mary, wife of Cornelius Gray (d. June 19, 1849; age 54), Cornelius Gray (d. Feb. 26, 1873; age 74), Harriett N., daughter of Cornelius and Mary (d. March 2, 1856; age 21), Nancy G., wife of Henry J. Gray (d. Feb. 15, 1869; age 40 years and 6 months), and Benjamin Gray (d. May 30, 1865; age 69 years). Hannah, wife of Benjamin is inventoried in Lenora White McQuesten's (1930) manuscript entitled "Farm and Neighborhood Cemeteries of Andover and North Andover, Mass., Including Stone Inscriptions" as having died on Sept. 27, 1855 at the age 66, however her headstone is no longer extant. The cemetery also contains the remains of Mrs. Hannah (Gray) Lacey, wife of John and youngest daughter of Thomas Gray, who died on December 16, 1827 at the age of 61 (see Appendix 1). Three members of the Farnum (alternately spelled Farnam or Farnham) family are also buried in the cemetery. These individuals include Ruth, wife of Benjamin Farnam, who died of consumption on Oct. 10, 1839 (Age 67), Benjamin Farnam who died of "bilious fever" on February 7, 1844 (Age 72), and Jesse Farnham who died on July 30, 1835 (Age 42) (Find a Grave 2013). Seth Farnum (d. May 3, 1845; Age 39) is recorded as being interred in the Berry Farm Cemetery (Find a Grave 2013). Seth Farnum's gravesite is, however, located outside of the burial ground. Mr. Farnum requested prior to his death to be buried under a large oak tree on the farm near the house (Figure 5-10). Seth Farnum's grave is located south of Turnpike Street (Route 114) behind a white colonial farmhouse outside of the Riding Academy Preserve project area. Field Investigations Walkover/Surface Inspection Historic cemetery delineation began with a site visit and walkover of the Berry Farm Cemetery to examine current conditions and inspect project work areas. The site visit and walkover demonstrated that the interment area is elevated approximately 1 to 3 ft above the surrounding surface grade to the north and the south. A drainage ditch surrounds the cemetery on three sides with PVC drainage piping visible at the cemetery's eastern end. The cemetery is accessed from its western side. Here the cemetery is defined by a partial split -rail fence (Figure 5-11). Several large trees line the northern and southern edges of the cemetery with a few large stumps present within the northwestern cemetery limits. Burial markers within 28 PAL Report No. 2817 Rip,' r�fj ` Y ►�` i ►• 1+' a (qrµe ! ,t�.. of •r:X VS "�' y ,r � + i`w itis •�_ ` - - • .•" +. ��+[ � .'.�f ;y "'AAA + �r I'4 r., �,YYYY "+[.d Xf�s , t.,i - `1. • . �p'�'l.' M-' `' y/I.k.. iAlt;^ : M• .� s� j�jb a J"M1 i+k aaKy,7 a ('riiti f! �,F:i,� x, 1 '" . f � a•..�3 ri�A� a.'yif .t- r.✓Y'a yam,, t:' .},a, 'if' ft.' y ; -t`rN! Cat ! 4`, f r -s. , iiiiiiiij -- r � " ; ti ;� � d►'' � C, } i � 'x. ', • he - 10 k<10= LLk iii An • _ . � .. _ . � - "$' 'sem" .. �� - Chapter Five the cemetery are organized in at least eight linear rows (Figure 5-12, Back Pocket). Cemetery rows become more irregular further east in the cemetery plot. The burials are oriented in traditional Christian fashion head to the west and feet to the east. The terrain of the cemetery is generally flat with local vegetation comprised chiefly of mowed grass and poison ivy. Mid -eighteenth to the late -nineteenth century inscribed and engraved headstones are carved out of slate and marble in the burial ground. All of the gravestones are modest in ornamentation with flat cut and arched tops. Funerary motifs include winged cherubs (see Figure 5-1), several variations of willow and urn (see Figures 5-2, 5-3, 5-6, and 5-7), and rosettes. Several roughly shaped granite fieldstones (n=ll) may identify additional interments within the cemetery (Figure 5-13). Several depressions are associated with these granite markers further reinforcing our supposition that these fieldstones designate additional gravesites. It is unclear who may be buried at these gravesites, however as no mention of these burials was referenced in any of the resources reviewed as an element of this study. Few topographic depressions and/or vegetation changes within the cemetery with no associated headstones or footstones suggest that other unmarked graves may also be contained within the burial ground (see Figure 5-12). Figure 5-13. Uninscribed, crude granite gravestone, view facing east. Subsurface Testing Subsurface archaeological investigation involved the machine -assisted removal of site area fills and topsoils to natural subsoils (Figure 5-14). Cemetery delineation was limited to the areas of proposed project impacts. Three areas extending approximately 20 to 25 ft beyond the visibly discernible limits of the cemetery were excavated on the cemetery's northwest, west, and southwest sides (see Figure 5-12). No excavations were conducted within flagged wetlands or the area of existing drainage ditch on the cemetery's east, northeast, and south sides. Machine Trench 1 (MT -1) was excavated along the west side of the cemetery within two feet of the extant split -rail fence. MT -1 soils generally consisted of a dark grayish brown (IOYR 4/2) medium sandy silt "landscaping fill" overlying a yellowish brown (IOYR 5/4) medium sand with rock and gravel B2 subsoil. The landscaping fill extended to approximately 19 centimeters below surface (cmbs), while Bz subsoils were encountered at approximately 42 curbs. A 30 PAL Report No. 2817 Results of the Survey brownish yellow (IOYR 6/6) fine sand C Horizon underlay the B Horizon at a depth of approximately 62 cmbs. The brownish yellow sand transitioned into a red (2.5YR 4/6) oxidized coarse sand with gravel by The limit of trench excavation at approximately 77 cmbs (Figure 5-15). Soils along the east wall of MT -1 lying adjacent to the Berry Farm Cemetery and its associated split -rail fence were intact appearing as a dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) medium sandy silt A Horizon underlain by a natural yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty fine— medium sand with gravel B, subsoil (Figure 5-16). The A Horizon extended to 27 cmbs suggesting that this portion of the former Berry Farm was historically plowed, while B1 subsoils extended to approximately 57 cmbs. Bz and C Horizon subsoils underlay the B, in the east wall of the trench. A pet burial was exposed beneath a medium-sized rock approximately 10 ft west of the existing split -rail fence. Animal remains were reburied in the trench following topsoil removal and archaeological confirmation that the exposed remains were those of a medium-sized mammal, apparently dog, and not human. No grave shafts or other human burial related features were identified along the west side of the cemetery. Figure 5-14. Machine excavation of a portion of MT -1, view facing south. Machine trenches MT -2, MT -3 and MT -4 were excavated at the northwest and southwest corners of the cemetery (see Figure 5-12). Fill strata and poorly -drained black wetland soils were observed in these areas (Figures 5-17 and 5-18). The soil stratigraphy of MT -2 consisted of mottled dark brown (10YR 3/3) and black (10YR 2/1) silty medium sand fill to approximately 50 cmbs followed by a band of black (IOYR 2/1) silty wetland soil to approximately 60 cmbs. Below this was dark yellowish brown (IOYR 3/4) silty fine—medium sand with gravel wet subsoil to a trench termination depth of approximately 75 cmbs. MT -3 and MT -4 exhibited similar soil stratigraphy that consisted of dark grayish brown (1 OYR 4/2) medium sandy silt "landscaping fill" to approximately 20 cmbs overlying striated wetland fills comprised of black (10YR 2/1) and dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty medium sand with gravel. These trenches were terminated at approximately 80 cmbs due to the presence of water. Twentieth century garbage that included tires, construction materials, and plastic tarps were incorporated within the wetland fills at the northwestern and southwestern cemetery corners. The presence of wetland conditions appear to support that claim of our Arco contractor that an extensive wetland surround the Berry Farm Cemetery prior to twentieth- and twenty-first century drainage alterations and wetland engineering. Recent improvements to the area to facilitate drainage of the wetland were also observed slightly southwest of MT -3. Observed improvements included an exposed PVC pipe covered in pea gravel extending towards the southern drainage ditch. No unmarked graves or other burial related features were identified along the north or south sides of the cemetery. PAL Report No. 2817 31 Chapter Five Figure 5-15. Profile of MT -1, west wall. Figure 5-16. Profile of MT -1, east wall. 32 PAL Report No. 2817 Results of the Survey L _.,� _ �,�� ��4 i •Mrd, � ,;,�. t , ,.�-;,^ ,�..;. 49 1'�•I7 d+: •. ,itd +ii�' f' K 'i: . a+r •a "s•. I�-i' 1J _.'�' artr•lj'c' •r''�;'�i?yea^ ° y §� . �. �� 'id«•. ��at � S j `.. arrP- r C ` e� A ,rte. w -..11,E W • -� '' s - � Figure 5-17. Machine excavation of a portion of MT -2, view facing southeast. Figure 5-18. Machine excavation of a portion of MT -3, view facing northwest. PAL Report No. 2817 33 J� '� •rte • + S3! 'fS � ii � 3 i J .+! w -..11,E W • -� '' s - � Figure 5-17. Machine excavation of a portion of MT -2, view facing southeast. Figure 5-18. Machine excavation of a portion of MT -3, view facing northwest. PAL Report No. 2817 33 CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS The historic cemetery delineation was designed to determine if unmarked interments contained within the Berry Farm Cemetery extended into project work areas and could potentially be impacted by construction of the Riding Academy Preserve in North Andover. The archaeological survey's objective was achieved through a combination of archival research and machine -assisted site investigation. Summary and Discussion The historic cemetery delineation commenced with a review of written accounts of the Berry Farm Cemetery housed at the Stevens Memorial Library and the North Andover Historical Society and land evidence records pertaining to the history of land use of the Berry Farm. Archival research provided information on the content of the Berry Farm Cemetery, while land evidence records supplied information on the age and size of the cemetery, as well as information on nearby families, several of whom are interred in the cemetery, who inhabited the area as the cemetery was utilized. Twenty-nine headstones marking 36 interments associated with 12 different families are present in the cemetery. Burial within the cemetery was organized in at least eight linear rows. The earliest marked interment within the cemetery belongs to that of Daniel Farrington who died in 1764. The latest interment is that of Susannah Berry who died in 1875. Local historian Lenora McQuesten (1930) reports that a Hanna Gray was also buried in the cemetery, although her marker no longer exists. A Mr. Seth Farnum is recorded as being buried within the Berry Farm Cemetery. Mr. Farnum however is buried south of the Riding Academy Preserve project area behind a white colonial farmhouse south of Turnpike Street. Historic cemetery delineation involved machine -assisted topsoil removal along the cemetery's northwest, west, and southwest sides in proximity to areas of proposed project -related subsurface impacts. The archaeological survey area west of the cemetery exposed natural intact soils immediately adjacent to the split -rail fence presently demarcating the cemetery's western boundary and disturbed topsoils and fills overlying B and C Horizon subsoils further to the west. Twentieth century garbage that included tires, construction materials, and plastic tarps were incorporated within the wetland fills at the northwestern and southwestern cemetery corners. Recent improvements to the area to facilitate drainage of the wetland were also observed in the southwestern study area. No unmarked graves or other human burial related features were identified as a result of the historic cemetery delineation. Consequently, the western cemetery limits, as currently defined by a split -rail wooden fence and the vegetated tree line, appear consistent with the actual limits of cemetery interments. Recommendations No unmarked graves or other human burial related features were identified during the historic cemetery delineation of the Berry Farm Cemetery, Riding Academy Preserve project, in North Andover. PAL recommends that project proponents proceed with the proposed development as currently planned. Additional cemetery delineation may be warranted if construction plans are revised to infringe upon the cemetery's south and east sides. The delineated western limits of the cemetery should be clearly marked with high -visibility fencing prior to the commencement of any ground -disturbing activities. The delineated western cemetery limits should be designated in the field and on project plans as a "no access" 34 PAL Report No. 2817 Results of the Survey area. Project proponents should also limit encroachment upon the cemetery by construction equipment, staging, or other activities to the best degree possible during construction. Archival research conducted in advance of archaeological fieldwork indicated that the grave of Seth Farnum is situated outside the limits of the Berry Farm Cemetery. This grave is situated south of Turnpike Street (Route 114) and will not be impacted by project construction. PAL Report No. 2817 35 REFERENCES Beers, D.G. 1872 Atlas of Essex County, Massachusetts. Reprinted In The Old Maps of Southern Essex County, Massachusetts in 1884, Saco Valley Printing, Fryeburg, ME. Originally published, D. G. Beers & Co., Philadelphia, PA. Dorman, Moses 1830 A Plan of Andover Taken for the Town. Harvard Map Collection, Cambridge, MA. Fenneman, N.E. 1938 Physiography of the Eastern United States. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. Find A Grave 2013 Berry Farm Cemetery, North Andover, Essex County, Massachusetts. Electronic document retrieved May 13, 2013: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi- bin/fg.cjzi?page=cr&CRid=2173844&CScn=Berry&CScntry=4&CSst=21 &CScnty--1177 Guzzi, Paul 1975 Historical Data Relating to Counties, Cites and Towns in Massachusetts. Massachusetts Historical Commission, Office of the Secretary of State, Boston, MA. Larson, M. 1995 The Big Split: How Andover became Two and a Half Towns. Cochichewick Chronicles 1(1). Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC) 1985 Town Reconnaissance Survey Report: Andover. On file, Massachusetts Historical Commission, Office of the Secretary of State, Boston, MA. McQuesten, Lenora White 1930 Farm and Neighborhood Cemeteries of Andover and North Andover, Mass., Including Stone Inscriptions. Manuscript on file at the Stevens Memorial Library, North Andover, MA. National Park Service (NPS) 1983 Archaeology and Historic Preservation: Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines. Federal Register 48(190). National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. Natural Resources Conservation Service (MRCS) 2013 Natural Resources Conservation Service, Web Soil Survey, Essex County, Massachusetts, Northern Part. Electronic Document retrieved April 26, 2013: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurva.gWx. PAL Report No. 2817 37 References North Andover Historical Society 2013 North Andover History. Electronic Document retrieved March 27, 2013: http://www.essexheritay,e.org/sites/north andover hist soc.shtml. North Andover Open Space Committee 2000 Open Space and Rcreation Plan 2000. Electronic Document retrieved February 03, 2003: http://home.att.net/—stephen.manning/naopenspace2000.pdf Northern Essex County Registry of Deeds (NECRD) n.d. Land Evidence Records, Registry of Deeds, Northern Essex County, Lawrence, MA. Ogden, J. Gordon 1977 The Late Quaternary Paleoenvironmental Record of the Northeastern North America. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 288:16-34 Simcox, Alison C 1992 Water Resources of Massachusetts. U.S. Geological Survey Water -Resources Investigations Report 90-4144. Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management Division of Water Resources. Boston, MA. Smith, Horace Hale 1909 Plan of Land Belonging to William Beck, No. Andover, Massachusetts. On file, Northern Essex County Registry of Deeds, Lawrence, MA. Southern Essex County Registry of Deeds (SECRD) n.d. Land Evidence Records, Registry of Deeds, Southern Essex County, Salem, MA. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1981 Essex County, Massachusetts Northern .Part. Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Walling, H.F. 1852 Map of the town of Andover, Essex County, Massachusetts. Surveyed by authority of the town by Henry F. Walling, civil engineer. Zen, E., Richard Goldsmith, Nicholas Ratcliffe, Peter Robinson, Rolfe Stanley, Norman Hatch, Andrew Shride, Elaine Weed, and David Wones 1983 A Bedrock Geologic Map of Massachusetts. U.S. Geological Survey, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Department of Public Works, Boston, MA. 3 8 PAL Report No. 2817 APPENDIX A TABLE OF HEADSTONES PRESENT IN THE BERRY FARM CEMETERY AT THE TIA E OF THE SURNTY PAL Report No. 2817 39 Berry Farm Cemetery, North Andover, Massachusetts Record of Interments (PAL 2013) No. Inscription Material Size (inches) Notes widthxhei htxthickness 1 In Memory of Slate 23 -x -36-x-1.5 • Cherub Mr. Daniel Farrington • McQuesten (1930): XIV who Died Feby 2d 1764 • French & Indian War in the 58'h year soldier of his age "At fifty eight my transient Breath Resigned my soul took wings among Y Etherial Kind and left her mortal partner here to lay until the Glorious Resurection Day" 2 Elijah Berry Marble 20 -x -39-x-2 -2 interments Died • McQuesten (1930): X & June 6, 1831 XI ABBA, • Abba Berry died of old His Wife age' Died March 1, 1862 AE 83 yrs & 1 mo. "Father & Mother" 3 D. Putnam Berry Marble 20.5 -x -39-x-2 • McQuesten (1930): XII Died • Veteran flag present March 16, 1865 AE 18 yrs. 5 Mos. & 16 days "He Lives in Heaven" 4 Susannah Marble 21 -x -38.5-x-2 • Broken in half and Wife of repaired with 2 iron Daniel G. Berry brackets Died • McQuesten (1930): XIII Jan. 26, 1875 Aged 50 yrs & 6 mos. "The day from thy spirit gone Thy God hath claimed thee as his own In Paradise thou shurest bliss Never to be found in world like this." 5 Anna W. Marble 20.5 -x -40.5-x-2 • Recent flowers placed in Daughter of Albert front of headstone — dried & Mary W. Berry husks DIED • Veteran flag located to left Aug 22, 1871 of this headstone — possibly Aged 12 yrs, 1 I ms. moved "She is waiting for us in the glorious • McQuesten (1930): II Eden -land Which lies beyond the sunset of life." 6 Samuel Berry Marble 24 -x -39-x-2 • Very top broken off Died • McQuesten (1930): I Sept. 27, 1864 AE 29 "The dust returns to the Earth as it was the spirit unto God he gave it." 7 In Memory of Slate 23.5 -x -50-x-2.25 • Willow & Urn Ruth, wife of • Footstone present Benjamin Farnam • McQuesten (1930): XVI who died • Maiden name Saltmarsh; Oct. 10, 1839 died of consumption* AE 67 8 In Memory of Slate 25 -x -48.5-x-2 • Willow & Urn Benjamin Farnam • McQuesten (1930): XV who died • Died of bilious fever (lung Feb 7, 1844 fever)* AEt 72 9 Possible headstone Granite 13.5 -x -8-x-2.5 • Broken. Crude • No Inscription 10 Sacred Marble Laying flat: 15-x-33.5 -Rose or Fruit tree design to the In ground: • 2 interments Memory of 16.5 -x -4-x-2 • McQuesten (1930): VI & Samuel Berry Vll Died July 9, 1852 AE 90 yrs & 9 mos. Rebecca A. (broken of]) His (broken) Died March 9. 1828 11 Jacob Berry Marble 21 -x -45-x-2 • McQuesten (1930): I1I Died Jan 12, 1873, Aged 83 yrs "To die is gain." 12 Susannah, Marble 20.5 -x -46.5-x-2 • Footstone present Wife of • McQuesten (1930): IV Jacob Berry Died March 15, 1870 Aged 74 yrs, 8 ms. "Her spirit rests with God, her toils are passed, The goal is gained, the haven reached at last." Bolduc (sp?) & Hackett Lawe (carvers) 13 Jacob Berry Slate 22.5 -x -39-x-2 • Willow & Urn (3) died Oct. 10, 1837 • 3 interments AEt 20 yrs • McQuesten (1930): V Ancil Berry died May 5, 1823 AEt 9 ms. Jacob W. Berry died Nov. 22, 1837 AEt 10 weeks "Children of Jacob & Susannah Berry 14 In Memory of Slate 14 -x -25-x-1.5 • Willow in Pot Hiram • Not listed in McQuesten Son of Mr. Jacob & (1930) Mrs. Susannah Berry who died Oct. 15, 1819 AEt 13 months "Sleep on sweet child and take thy rest. God called thee home he thought it best." 15 Possible Headstone (or 2) Granite • Crude, Uninscribed • Likely w/ assoc. footstone 16 In Memory of Slate 20.5 -x -30-x-2 • Willow & Urn Mr. Jesse Farnham • McQuesten (1930): XVII who died • He lived on the homestead July 30, 1835 until the last ten years of his AEt 42 life when he became blind. Then he lived with the Townes.* 17 (top broken of) Marble 24 -x -34-x-2 • Leaning, propped by 2 died Feb. 6, 1849 stones AEt 84 -2 interments Abigail his wife • A. Angier (McQuesten Died Aug. 5, 1860 1930) AEt 88 yrs 9 mos. • McQuesten (1930): IX "Honored Father and Mother" 18 Likely Headstone Granite • Crude, Uninscribed • w/ assoc. footstone 19 Sarah Goodhue Marble 12.5 -x -17.5-x-2 • d. Oct. 30, 1831 AEt 2 yrs Died 9 mos (McQuesten 1930) ? (illegible) • McQuesten (1930): XXXI AEt ? (illegible) 20 William F. Goodhue Marble 20.5 -x -21-x-2 • d. Oct. 14, 1862 AEt 40 died yrs (McQuesten 1930) (broken) • A Civil War Soldier (McQuesten 1930) • McQuesten (1930): XVIII • He took ill during service and died at Washington D.C." 21 Mercy B. Slate 15.25 -x -34-x-1.5 • Willow & Urn Wife of James • McQuesten (1930): XIX Nichols Died Mar. 4, 1846 AEt 56 "Yes we have parted mother thou art dead! On its last resting place I lean thy head: Then by thy coffin side I knell and look A daughters farewell kiss and farewell look. Those marble lips no kindred kiss return'd, Thy voice alas thou could'st not speak thy doom; I felt it all told to my heart! The shaft had struck I knew that we must part." T.W. 22 Henry C. Faulkner Marble 22 -x -44-x-3 • McQuesten (1930): VIII Died Feb. 18, 1863 Aged 22 years & 11 mos. "He is not dead but Slee eth." 23 Likely Headstone Marble 20 -x -17.5-x-2 • Broken, Uninscribed -Laying Flat, possibly moved 24 Likely Headstone Granite l I -x -7.5-x-4 • Crude, Uninscribed • w/ assoc. depression in ground 25 In Memory of Slate 19.5 -x -37-x-1.5 • Willow & Urn Mrs. Lydia and • 3 intcrments Mrs. Rebecca Town. • McQuesten (1930): XXI L. died Dec` 13, 1774 AEt 22 R. died May 16, 1815 AEt 55 ------------------- HAMON TOWN son of Mr and Mrs P. Town died Dec` 14, 1800 AEt 13 26 In Memory of Slate 28 -x -51.5-x-1.5 • Willow & Urn Mr. • Revolutionary War veteran Peter Town. flag who died • Associated footstone May 20 1830: • McQuesten (1930): XX AEt 80 ys & 9 ms. 27 Mary Slate 17 -x -39-x-2 • Willow Wife of • McQuesten (1930): XXIII Cornelius Gray • Maiden name Maruatta; Died June 19, 1849 died of consumption" AEt 54 28 Sarah Slate 17 -x -37.5-x-2 • Willow Wife of • McQuesten (1930): XXV Henry Bodwell Died June 30, 1852, AEt 80 T. Warren Lowell (carver) 29 Cornelius Gray Marble 20 -x -27.5-x-2 • Laying flat DIED • McQuesten (1930): XXII Feb. 26, 1873 AE. 74 30 Likely Headstones Granite • Crude, Uninscribed 31 Granite 32 Granite 33 Mrs. Hannah Slate 19-x-35 • Willow & Urn Wife of • Laying Flat & partially Mr. John Lacey underground and youngest dau- • McQuesten (1930): XXIX of Mr. Thomas Gray died Dec. 16, 1827 AEt 61 yrs. 34 Harriett N. Marble 14-x-30 • Laying Flat & partially Daughter of Cornelius & Mrs. underground Gray, • McQuesten (1930): XXIV died March 2, 1856, aged 21 years 35 Nancy G. Marble 20.5-x-42 • Rose (?) design Wife of • Laying Flat & partially Henry J. Gray underground Died • McQuesten (1930): Feb. 15, 1869 XXVIII AE. 40 y's. 6 m's. "And when the lord shall summon us, whom thou hast left behind. May we untainted by the world, assured welcome find; May each like thee depart in peace, to be a glorious guest where the wicked cease from troubling, and the weary are at rest." J. Leonard Lawrence Mass (carver) 36 Tabatha Russell Marble 19-x-24 • Laying flat & partially DIED underground June 15, 1867 • Split down center AEt 79 's & 6 m's • McQuesten (1930: XXX 37 Benjamin Gray Marble 18-x-13 (flat) • AEt 69 yrs (McQuesten Died 3" (in ground) 1930) (broken) • McQuesten (1930): XXVI May 30, 1865 (inground) 38 Likely Headstones Granite Crude, Uninscribed 39 Granite Back of Cemetery 40 Granite Visible Depressions No Marker Hannah Wife of Benjamin Gray Died Sept. 27, 1855 AEt 66 yrs Unknown Unknown • This headstone not present, information from McQuesten (1930) • McQuesten (1930): XXVII Mr, Seth Farnham Slate • Outside Cemetery died Boundary May 3, 1845 • w/ assoc. footstone AEt 39 years • Seth asked to be buried "Beneath this stone, `til Christ shall under a large oak tree on the bid him rise farm near the house.` A husband dear, and much loved Father lies, Yet cease to weep 'tis God ? be Calm and still And bow in sweet submission to His will." x Source: Find A Grave (2013) APPENDIX B PROJECT CORRESPONDENCE PAL Report No. 2817 47 t. t ti April 12.2013 w Deborah C. Cox President PAI, 'the Commonwealth of Massachusetts 26 Main Street Pawtucket RI 02860 William Francis Galvin, Secretar;T of the Commonwealth Massachusetts Historical Commission Atlas, Joseph Waller RE: Riding Academy Preserve, 16 Berry Street, North Andover, MA. MHC ##RC.53699. PAL #2817. Dear Deborah: Staff of the -Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC) have reviewed the State Archaeologist's permit application submitted for the archaeological investigations proposed for the project referenced above. Please mail the original Appendix 13 with the Principal Investigator's signature in ink. Historical background research should be conducted prior to fieldwork, hiformation subinitted to the. MHC indicates that a report was submitted to the North Andover Zoning Board of Appeals on January 23, 2013, with .historical information about the cemetery, including references to documents filed at the Northern Essex Registry of Deeds. Appendix 4 of that report was not provided to the MHC, but the description of the contents of the appendix lists photographs, a map, and a copy of a cemetery covenant and easement, Please obtain that.report and consider the information about the cemetery. Please also review the193.0 monograph, P'arm and neighborhood cemeteries of Andover and North Andover, Ilfassochusetts, including stone inscriptions, compiled by Lenora White McQuesten, available at several places including the Memorial Hall Library, in Andover. That work contains information about the Berry Farm Cemetery with genealogical notes. During the field investigation, please implement 'the astral field recording methods including record photographs with scale and north arrow, pian and profile drawings, descriptions of feature and matrix soil characteristics, etc. Please catalogue and curate any non -mortuary. artifacts found during the investigations. Please submit a draft report to the MI:IC, then two copies of a final report, MHC inventory forms, and a CD with the report authors, date, title, page count, and abstract. A State Archaeologist's permit has been issued for the investigation, and I look forward to reviewing the results. These comments are Offered to assist in compliance with 950 CMR 70. Please contact.Edward L. Bell of my staff if you have any questions. Sincerely, Brona Simon State Historic Preservation Officer Executive Director State Archaeologist Massachusetts Historical Commission Enclosure (SA Permit) 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (617) 7Z7-8470 • Fax: (617) 727-5128 www.sac,state.ma.us/rnhc 9 is �y6 7r �J the Commonwealth of Massachusetts William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth Massachusetts Historical Commission PERMIT TO CONDUCT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIELD INVESTIGATION Permit Number 3379 Date of Issue April 12, 2013. Expiration Date April 12, 2014 V-1191 is hereby authorized to conduct an archaeological field investigation pursuan-t to Section 27C of Chapter 9 of General Laws and according to the regulations outlined in 950 CMR 70.00. Riding Academy Preserve, North Andover Project Location Brona Simon, State Archaeologist Massachusetts Historical Commission 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (617) 727-8470 • Fax. (617) 727-5128 ww%v sec.state.ma.us1Mhc a L rblic Archaeology Laboratory May 2, 2013 Brona Simon Executive Director State Archaeologist Massachusetts Historical Commission 220 Morrissey Boulevard Boston, Massachusetts 02125 Attn: Ed Bell Re: Riding Academy Preserve -- North Andover Intensive survey — historic cemetery delineation PAL #2817 Dear Ms. Simon: Thank you for State Archaeologist Permit No. 3379 to conduct an intensive (locational) archaeological survey/historic cemetery delineation for the Berry Farm Cemetery located within the Riding Academy Preserve project area in North Andover. In response to a request in your letter dated April 12, 2013, please find. enclosed an original Appendix B — Permit Application: Archaeological Field Investigation with the Principal Investigator's signature in ink for your records. PAL has conducted the background research and has scheduled archaeological field investigations for the week of May 6, 2013. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact Deborah Cox, President, or me at your convenience. �SiFh nccerely, 11er, Jr. Senior Archaeologist Enclosure cc: Eric Loth, North Andover Holdings (w/encl.) Karen Pollastrino, Minco Corporation (wlencl.) 26 Main Street Pawtucket, Al 02860 1 401.728.8780 Main 1401,728.8784 Fax palinc.com 950 CMR: DEPARTMENT OF THE STATE SECRETARY APPENDIX B COMbIONfEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS SECRETARY OF STATE: MASSACH NETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION PERMIT APPLICATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIELD INVESTIGATION A. General Information Pursuant to Section 27C of Chapter 9 of the General Laws and according to the regulations outlined in 950 CMR 70.00, a permit to conduct a field investigation is hereby requested L Name(s): Joseph N. faller, Jr. 2. Institution: The Public Archaeology Laboratory, Inc. Address: 26 Main Street Pawtucket, Rhode Island. 02860 3. Project Location: Riding Academy Preserve see attached proposal 4. Town(s): North Andover 5. Attach a copy of a USGS quadrangle with the project area clearly marked. .vee attached 6. Property Owner(s): North Andover Holdings, LLC. 7. The applicant affirms that the owner has been notified and has agreed that the applicant may perform the proposed field investigation. S. The proposed field investigation is for a(n): a. Reconnaissance Survey b. Intensive Survey — Historic cemetery delineation e. Site Examination d. Data Recovery B. Professional Qualifications 1. Attach a personnel chart and project schedule as described in 950 CMR 70.11(b). a. Personnel Principal Investigator(s): Joseph N. Waller, Jr. Project Arebaeologist(s): Jennifer Bannister Field Crew: Kirk Van Dyke b. Schedule Fieldwork: April 2013 Laboratory: April 2013 Report: June 2013 2. Include copies of curriculum vitae of key personnel (unless already on lila with the State Archaeologist). C. Research Design 1. Attach a narrative description of the proposed Research Design according to the requirements of 950 CMR. 70.11. 2. The Applicant agrees to perform the field investigations according to the standards outlined in 950 CMR 70.13. 3. The Applicant agrees to submit a Summary Report, prepared according to the standards outlined in 950 CMR 70.14 by: June 30, 2013 4. The specimens i ecovered during performance of the proposed field investigation will be curated at: The Public Archaeology Laboratory, hie. 26 Main Street Pawtucket, Rhode Island 02860 SIGNATURE e DATE -3128112 APAI ICANT (S) I 900 J / el I fi FORM E - BURIAL GROUND MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION MASSACHUSETTS ARCHIVES BUILDING 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 Locus Map Assessor's Number USGS Quad Area(s) Form Number Map 106D/Lot 33 Lawrence F7 � I Town: North Andover Place (neighborhood or village): Address or Location: 16 Berry Street Name: Berry Farm Cemetery and Burial Ground Ownership: ❑ Public ❑ Private Approximate Number of Stones: 57 headstones and footstones (40+ individuals) Earliest Death Date: February 2, 1764 Latest Death Date: January 26, 1875 Landscape Architect: Condition: Fair to good Acreage: 7500 ftZ Setting: The cemetery is located in rural North Andover, adjacent to a large wetland system. The burial ground is elevated approximately l to 3 ft above the surrounding surface grade and is defined by a partial split -rail fence. The burial plot is accessed from its western side. Several large trees line the northern and southern edges of the cemetery with a few large stumps present within the northwestern cemetery limits. Recorded by: Joseph N. Waller, Jr. Organization: The Public Archaeology Laboratory, Inc. Date (month /year): September 2013 BOARD OF APPEALS 4/11 Follow Massachusetts Historical Commission Survey Manual instructions for completing this form. IE 0 W IE BOARD OF APPEALS 4/11 Follow Massachusetts Historical Commission Survey Manual instructions for completing this form. INVENTORY FORM E CONTINUATION SHEET NORTH ANDOVER 16 BERRY STREET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No. 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 ❑ Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, you must attach a completed National Register Criteria Statement form. Use as much space as necessary to complete the following entries, allowing text to flow onto additional continuation sheets. VISUAL/DESIGN ASSESSMENT Describe landscape features, gravestone materials, designs, motifs, and symbols that are either common Note any known carvers. Burial markers are organized within at least eight linear rows. Mid -eighteenth to the late -nineteenth century inscribed and engraved headstones are carved out of slate and marble in the burial ground. All of the gravestones are modest in ornamentation with flat cut and arched tops. Funerary motifs include winged cherubs, several variations of willow and urn, and rosettes. Several roughly shaped granite fieldstones identify additional interments within the cemetery. Few topographic depressions and/or vegetation changes within the cemetery with no associated headstones or footstones suggest that additional unmarked graves may also be contained within the burial ground. HISTORICAL NARRATIVE Explain religious affiliations, major period of use, and evaluate historical association of this burial ground with the community. The Berry Farm Cemetery is a small rural cemetery utilized by a group of rural farmers and their families from the mid - eighteenth through the nineteenth centuries. Demographic information pertaining to those interred within the cemetery is attached. The burial ground is first referenced in a deed dated March 31, 1783, which records the sale seventeen acres of land from Philip Farington to Peter Town. Exception for the burial plot is made in the deed "as far as the land has been improved for a Burying place then northwardly to the line of said John Farrington's land so that the said Burying ground be excluded from said conveyed premises..." (SECRD, Book 149, Page 237). Daniel Farrington, likely a relation of Philip Farrington, is the earliest known interment within the burial ground. Peter Town deeded this property to Joel Town in 1806 "excepting a piece of land contained within the aforementioned bounds left for the priviledge (sic) of a burying place" (SECRD, Book 181, Page 1.13). Peter, his two wives, and one young son are interred in the cemetery. The property and cemetery came into Berry ownership when Jacob Berry acquired it from Joel Town in 1815 (SECRD, Book 208, Page 223). Jacob Berry, his wife Susannah and four children are buried in the Berry Farm Cemetery. The first member of the Berry family to be buried in the Berry Farm Cemetery was that of Elijah Berry who died on June 6, 183 1. The property was willed to Jacob Berry's son Albert following his death in 1873. In turn, the Berry Farm property was willed to Albert's children Samuel, Charles, and Mary following his death. The children soon after deeded the property to a Mr. William J. Beck in 1909 excepting "such rights, if any, as the inhabitants of the Town of Andover may have in and to a certain portion of the said premises to be used by them as a burial place" (SECRD, Book 274, Pages 241-243). William J. Beck deeded the property to Sara B. Beck in 1932 (NECRD, Book 564, Page 128), who in turn sold the property to Gerard and Ann Proulx on April 1, 1957 (NECRD, Book 852, Page 91). This deed records the size of "said burial lot" as comprising "approximately 7500 square feet." The Proulx's sold the property to the Fiore Family Trust on June 29, 1965. The property passed between different trusts (Fiore Family, Margeson Family, Berry Street) from 1965 on until it was eventually sold to North Andover Holdings LLC on April 30, 2012 (NECRD Book, 1037, Page 321; Book 1357, Page 410; Book 1358, Page 110 & 114; Book 1417, Page 249; Book 1524, Page 103; Book 12923, Page 102). Memorials to 14 Berry family members are inscribed on 10 headstones within the cemetery. Additional families in the cemetery include those of the Angier (2), Bodwell (1), Faulkner (1), Goodhue (2), Nichols (1), and Russell (1) families and abutting property owners such as the Gray and Farnum families. The earliest marked interment within the cemetery is that of Daniel Continuation sheet 1 INVENTORY FORM E CONTINUATION SHEET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 NORTH ANDOVER 16 BERRY STREET Area(s) Form No. I Farrington (d. 1764). Susannah Berry (d. 1875) may be the latest. Five Gray family members are interred in the cemetery. Hannah, wife of Benjamin Gray, is inventoried in Lenora White McQuesten's (1930) manuscript entitled "Farm and Neighborhood Cemeteries of Andover and North Andover, Mass., Including Stone Inscriptions" as having died on Sept. 27, 1855 at the age 66, however her headstone is no longer extant. The cemetery also contains the remains of Mrs. Hannah (Gray) Lacey, wife of John and youngest daughter of Thomas Gray. Three members of the Farnum (alternately spelled Farnam or Farnham) family are also buried in the cemetery. These individuals include Benjamin Farnam, Ruth, wife of Benjamin, and Jesse Farnham. Seth Farnum (d. May 3, 1845; Age 39) is recorded as being interred in the Berry Farm Cemetery. Seth Farnum's gravesite is, however, located outside of the burial ground. Mr. Farnum requested prior to his death to be buried under a large oak tree on the farm near the house. Seth Farnum's grave is located nearby, south of Turnpike Street (Route 114) behind a white colonial farmhouse. Berry Farm Cemetery, North Andover, Massachusetts Record of Interments (PAL 2013) No. Inscription Material Size (inches) Notes widthxhei htxthickness 1 In Memory of Slate 23 -x -36-x-1.5 • Cherub Mr. Daniel Farrington • McQuesten (1930): XIV who Died Feby 2d 1764 • French & Indian War in the 58th year soldier of his age "At fifty eight my transient Breath Resigned my soul took wings among Y Etherial Kind and left her mortal partner here to lay until the Glorious Resurection Day" 2 Elijah Berry Marble 20 -x -39-x-2 -2 interments Died • McQuesten (1930): X & XI June 6, 1831 • Abba Berry died of old age' ABBA, His Wife Died March 1, 1862 AE 83 yrs & 1 mo. "Father & Mother" 3 D. Putnam Berry Marble 20.5 -x -39-x-2 • McQuesten (1930): XII Died • Veteran flag present March 16, 1865 AE 18 yrs. 5 Mos. & 16 days "He Lives in Heaven" 4 Susannah Marble 21 -x -38.5-x-2 • Broken in half and repaired Wife of with 2 iron brackets Daniel G. Berry • McQuesten (1930): XIII Died Jan. 26, 1875 Aged 50 yrs & 6 mos. "The day from thy spirit gone Thy God hath claimed thee as his own In Paradise thou shurest bliss Never to be found in world like this." 5 Anna W. Marble 20.5 -x -40.5-x-2 • Recent flowers placed in Daughter of Albert front of headstone — dried & Mary W. Berry husks DIED • Veteran flag located to left Aug 22, 1871 of this headstone — possibly Aged 12 yrs, 11 ms. moved Continuation sheet 2 INVENTORY FORM E CONTINUATION SHEET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 NORTH ANDOVER 16 BERRY STREET Area(s) Form No. Continuation sheet 3 "She is waiting for us in the glorious • McQuesten (1930): lI Eden -land Which lies beyond the sunset of life." 6 Samuel Berry Marble 24 -x -39-x-2 • Very top broken off Died • McQuesten (1930):1 Sept. 27, 1864 AE 29 "The dust returns to the Earth as it was the spirit unto God he gave it." 7 In Memory of Slate 23.5 -x -50-x-2.25 • Willow & Urn Ruth, wife of • Footstone present Benjamin Farnam • McQuesten (1930): XVI who died • Maiden name Saltmarsh; Oct. 10, 1839 died of consumption" AE 67 8 In Memory of Slate 25 -x -48.5-x-2 • Willow & Urn Benjamin Farnam • McQuesten (1930): XV who died • Died of bilious fever (lung Feb 7, 1844 fever)" AEt 72 9 Possible headstone Granite 13.5 -x -8-x-2.5 • Broken, Crude • No Inscription 10 Sacred Marble Laying flat: 15-x-33.5 -Rose or Fruit tree design to the In ground: • 2 interments Memory of 16.5 -x -4-x-2 • McQuesten (1930): VI & Samuel Berry VII Died July 9, 1852 AE 90 yrs & 9 mos. Rebecca A. (broken off) His (broken) Died March 9, 1828 11 Jacob Berry Marble 21 -x -45-x-2 • McQuesten (1930): III Died Jan 12, 1873, Aged 83 yrs "To die isgain." 12 Susannah, Marble 20.5 -x -46.5-x-2 • Footstone present Wife of • McQuesten (1930): IV Jacob Berry Died March 15, 1870 Aged 74 yrs, 8 ms. "Her spirit rests with God, her toils are passed, The goal is gained, the haven reached at last." Bolduc (sp?) & Hackett Lawe (carvers) 13 Jacob Berry Slate 22.5 -x -39-x-2 • Willow & Urn (3) died Oct. 10, 1837 • 3 interments AEt 20 yrs • McQuesten (1930): V Ancil Berry died May 5, 1823 AEt 9 ms. Jacob W. Berry died Nov. 22, 1837 AEt 10 weeks "Children of Jacob & Susannah Berry 14 In Memory of Slate 14 -x -25-x-1.5 • -Willow Pot Continuation sheet 3 INVENTORY FORM E CONTINUATION SHEET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 NORTH ANDOVER 16 BERRY STREET Area(s) Form No. Continuation sheet 4 Hiram • Not listed in McQuesten Son of Mr. Jacob & (1930) Mrs. Susannah Berry who died Oct. 15, 1819 AEt 13 months "Sleep on sweet child and take thy rest. God called thee home he thought it best." 15 Possible Headstone (or 2) Granite • Crude, Uninscribed • Likely w/ assoc. footstone 16 In Memory of Slate 20.5 -x -30-x-2 • Willow & Urn Mr. Jesse Farnham • McQuesten (1930): XVII who died • He lived on the homestead July 30, 1835 until the last ten years of his AEt 42 life when he became blind. Then he lived with the Townes." 17 (top broken off) Marble 24 -x -34-x-2 • Leaning, propped by 2 died Feb. 6, 1849 stones AEt 84 • 2 interments Abigail his wife • A. Angier (McQuesten Died Aug. 5, 1860 1930) AEt 88 yrs 9 mos. • McQuesten (1930): IX "Honored Father and Mother" 18 Likely Headstone Granite • Crude, Uninscribed • w/ assoc. footstone 19 Sarah Goodhue Marble 12.5 -x -17.5-x-2 • d. Oct. 30, 1831 AEt 2 yrs Died 9 mos (McQuesten 1930) ? (illegible) • McQuesten (1930): XXXI AEt ? (illegible) 20 William F. Goodhue Marble 20.5 -x -21-x-2 • d. Oct. 14, 1862 AEt 40 yrs died (McQuesten 1930) (broken) • A Civil War Soldier (McQuesten 1930) • McQuesten (1930): XVIII • He took ill during service and died at Washington D.C." 21 Mercy B. Slate 15.25 -x -34-x-1.5 • Willow & Urn Wife of James • McQuesten (1930): XIX Nichols Died Mar. 4, 1846 AEt 56 "Yes we have parted mother thou art dead! On its last resting place I lean thy head: Then by thy coffin side i knell and look A daughters farewell kiss and farewell look. Those marble lips no kindred kiss retum'd, Thy voice alas thou could'st not speak thy doom: I felt it all told to my heart! The shaft had struck I knew that we must part." T.W. 22 Henry C. Faulkner Marble 22 -x -44-x-3 •McQuesten (1930): VIII Died Feb. 18, 1863 Aged 22 years Continuation sheet 4 INVENTORY FORM E CONTINUATION SHEET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 NORTH ANDOVER 16 BERRY STREET Area(s) Form No. m Continuation sheet 5 & 11 mos. "He is not dead but Slee eth." 23 Likely Headstone Marble 20 -x -17.5-x-2 • Broken, Uninscribed -Laying Flat, possibly moved 24 Likely Headstone Granite 11 -x -7.5-x-4 • Crude, Uninscribed • w/ assoc. depression in ground 25 In Memory of Slate 19.5 -x -37-x-1.5 • Willow & Urn Mrs. Lydia and • 3 interments Mrs. Rebecca Town. • McQuesten (1930): XXI L. died Dec` 13, 1774 AEt 22 R. died May 16, 1815 AEt 55 ------------------- HAMON TOWN son of Mr and Mrs P. Town died Dec` 14, 1800 AEt 13 26 In Memory of Slate 28 -x -51.5-x-1.5 • Willow & Urn Mr. • Revolutionary War veteran Peter Town. flag who died • Associated footstone May 20 1830: • McQuesten (1930): XX AEt 80 ys & 9 ms. 27 Mary Slate 17 -x -39-x-2 • Willow Wife of • McQuesten (1930): XXIII Cornelius Gray • Maiden name Maruatta; Died June 19, 1849 died of consumption" AEt 54 28 Sarah Slate 17 -x -37.5-x-2 • Willow Wife of • McQuesten (1930): XXV Henry Bodwell Died June 30, 1852, AEt 80 T. Warren Lowell (carver) 29 Cornelius Gray Marble 20 -x -27.5-x-2 • Laying flat DIED • McQuesten (1930): XXII Feb. 26, 1873 AE. 74 30 Likely Headstones Granite • Crude, Uninscribed 31 Granite 32 Granite 33 Mrs. Hannah Slate 19-x-35 • Willow & Urn Wife of • Laying Flat & partially Mr. John Lacey underground and youngest dau- • McQuesten (1930): XXIX of Mr. Thomas Gray died Dec. 16, 1827 AEt 61 yrs. 34 Harriett N. Marble 14-x-30 • Laying Flat & partially Daughter of Cornelius & Mrs. underground Gray, • McQuesten (1930): XXIV died March 2, 1856, aged 21 years 35 Nancy G. Marble 20.5-x-42 • Rose (?) design Wife of* Laying Flat & partially HenryJ. Gray underground Continuation sheet 5 INVENTORY FORM E CONTINUATION SHEET NORTH ANDOVER 16 BERRY STREET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Area(s) Form No. 220 MORRISSEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 =1 I • Source: Find A Grave (2013) BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES Find A Grave 2013 Berry Farm Cemetery, North Andover, Essex County, Massachusetts. Electronic document retrieved May 13, 2013: http://www.findagrave.com/c ig bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&CRid=2173844&CScn=Berry&CScntry=4&CSs t=21 &CScnty=1177& McQuesten, Lenora White 1930 Farm and Neighborhood Cemeteries of Andover and North Andover, Mass., Including Stone Inscriptions. Manuscript on file at the Stevens Memorial Library, North Andover, MA. Northern Essex County Registry of Deeds (NECRD) n.d. Land Evidence Records, Registry of Deeds, Northern Essex County, Lawrence, MA. Continuation sheet 6 Died • McQuesten (1930): XXVIII Feb. 15, 1869 AE. 40 y's. 6 m's. "And when the lord shall summon us, whom thou hast left behind. May we untainted by the world, assured welcome find; May each like thee depart in peace, to be a glorious guest where the wicked cease from troubling, and the weary are at rest." J. Leonard Lawrence Mass (carver) 36 Tabatha Russell Marble 19-x-24 • Laying flat & partially DIED underground June 15, 1867 • Split down center AEt 79 's & 6 m's • McQuesten (1930): XXX 37 Benjamin Gray Marble 18-x-13 (flat) • AEt 69 yrs (McQuesten Died 3" (in ground) 1930) (broken) • McQuesten (1930): XXVI May 30, 1865 (in round) 38 Likely Headstones Granite Crude, Uninscribed 39 Granite Back of Cemetery 40 Granite Visible Depressions No Hannah Unknown Unknown • This headstone not present, Marker Wife of Benjamin Gray information from McQuesten Died (1930) Sept. 27, 1855 • McQuesten (1930): XXVII AEt 66 yrs Mr. Seth Farnham Slate • Outside Cemetery died Boundary May 3, 1845 • w/ assoc. footstone AEt 39 years • Seth asked to be buried "Beneath this stone, `til Christ shall under a large oak tree on the bid him rise farm near the house.* A husband dear, and much loved Father lies, Yet cease to weep `tis God ? be Calm and still And bow in sweet submission to His will." • Source: Find A Grave (2013) BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES Find A Grave 2013 Berry Farm Cemetery, North Andover, Essex County, Massachusetts. Electronic document retrieved May 13, 2013: http://www.findagrave.com/c ig bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&CRid=2173844&CScn=Berry&CScntry=4&CSs t=21 &CScnty=1177& McQuesten, Lenora White 1930 Farm and Neighborhood Cemeteries of Andover and North Andover, Mass., Including Stone Inscriptions. Manuscript on file at the Stevens Memorial Library, North Andover, MA. Northern Essex County Registry of Deeds (NECRD) n.d. Land Evidence Records, Registry of Deeds, Northern Essex County, Lawrence, MA. Continuation sheet 6 INVENTORY FORM E CONTINUATION SHEET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION 220 MORmssEY BOULEVARD, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02125 NORTH ANDOVER 16 BERRY STREET Area(s) Form No. I Smith, Horace Hale 1909 Plan of Land Belonging to William Beck, No. Andover, Massachusetts. On file, Northern Essex County Registry of Deeds, Lawrence, MA. Southern Essex County Registry of Deeds (SECRD) n.d. Land Evidence Records, Registry of Deeds, Southern Essex County, Salem, MA. Photolog: Berry Farm Cemetery Photo No. Direction Description Photographer I Date 1 SE Berry Farm Cemetery Jennifer Bannister 5/8/2013 Continuation sheet 7