HomeMy WebLinkAbout1970-03-14 ANNUAL TOWN MEETING NORTH ANDOVERJol~N J. LYONS, Town Clerk
]~LECTI01~ DEPARTM]~T
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER
TOWN BUILDING
NOR~'~ ANDOV'~, MASS.
June 5, 1970
To Whom It May Concern:
I have this date posted true and attested copies
of amendments to general by-laws adopte under Articles
28, 29 and 51 and the amendments to zoning by-laws adopted
under articles 32 and 33 of the Warrant for the annual
adjourned Town Meeting held Marmh 14, 1970 with the approval
of the Attorney General endorsed thereon.
Amendments posted~at the following locations:
Bonelli's Package Store
Canty' s Market & Kitchen
Center Store
Cumberland Farms
Fire Station 1.
" " 2.
Filet$~ts Barber Shop
Finneran' s Drug Store
Fred's Variaety Store
Hay Scales Store.
Holtins Super Service
Highway Grocery Store
McAloons Package Store
Middlesex Pharmacy
Messina' s Market
Meagans Drug 8tore
North Andover Pharmacy
Phelan's Variety Store
Val' s Restaurant
V. F. W. Home.
Trombly' s Brothers Service
Town Office Bu. ilding. ~/~.~/~.
,
THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
DEPARTMENT Of THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
STATE HOUSE · BOSTON O2133
Mr. John J. Lyons
Town Clerk
Town Building
North Andover, Massachusetts
May 12, 1970
01845
Dear Mr. Lyons:
I enclose the amendments to general by-laws adopted
under Articles 28, 29 and 31 and the amendments to zoning
by-laws adopted under Articles 32 and 33 of the warrant
for the annual adjourned town meeting held March 14, 1970
with the approval of the Attorney General endorsed thereon.
HFO'C:cav
Enclosures
Very truly yours,
Assistant Attorney General/
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER
Jo~ J. LYon-s, Town Clerk
ELECTION DEPARTMENT
Honorable Robert H. Quinn
Attorney General of The Commonwealth
State House
Boston, Mass.
March 27, 1970
Dear Sir:
TOW'~T BUILDING
NORTIt A.~DOVEi~, MASS.
&t our Annual Adjourned Town Meeting held in the Veteran's Auditorium
of ott~ North Andover High School on Saturday March 15, 1970 at 1:30
P.M., the following articles appeared in the Warrant:
~dtTICLE 32. To see if the Town will vote to amend its Zoning By-Law,
in order to ~rmit certain uses in Neighborhood Business Districts,
not no specifically ~ rmitted,by adding thereto the following new
section:
Section 4.~4: Banking, insurance, professional and other similar offices.
Petition of ~'rancis B. Kittredge and others°
Under t he aforesaid article it was VOTED to amend the Zoning By-Law
by adding thereto the following new section: Section 4.24: Insurance
professional and real estate offices.
The vote: AF~'IRMATIVE 499- NEGATIVE 188. a two-third majority.
~TICLE 35- To see if the Town will vote to amend Section 91~2 of its
Zoning By-Law by striking therefrom the word "certified", so that
notices of hearings may be sent to interested parties by regular first
class mail, post&ge prepaid, as provided by statu~e, unless the Board
of Appeals votes to send notices by certified m~il in particular cases.
Petiton of the Board of Appeals.
Under the aforesaid article it was voted to ADOPT the article.
The vote: AFFIRmaTIVE 798. NEGATIVE 43. A two-third majority.
Eleven hundred ninety-eight (llg~) regis~red voters were present.
~,/ Boston,~Mass. May 12, 1970
The foregoing amendments to zoning by-laws
adopted under Articles 32 and 33 are approved.
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER
JOI~N J. LYONS, Town Clerk
ELEC~IOI~ DEPAi~TMENT
Honorable Robert H. Quinn
Attorney General of The Commonwealth
State House
Boston, Mass.
Dear $ ir:
TOWN BUILDING
I~TOli~ ~DOV~R,
~ch 27, 1970
EC'EIVED
/ PR 0 1970
~_epartment ol At/~rney Gen_era~ ~
At our Annual Adjourned Town ~eeting held in the Veteran' s Auditorium
of our North Andover High School on Saturday Uaroh l~, 1970 at 1:30
P.M., the following articles appeared in the warrant:
ARTICrE 28. To see if the Town will vote to amend article III of its
General By-Laws by adding thereto the following new section:
Section 10. No snow or ice shall be deposited upon any portion of a
way open to public travel for the safe maintenance of which the Town
is responsible, except by Town employees acting in the proper perfor~
mance of their duties. This provision shall not prohibit an occupant
or premises abutting upon such a way from clearing snow or ice from a
sidewalk in front of such premises, or from that part of any driveway
or other means of access from such Ir emises to the way, provided that
such clearing does not result in a narrowing of the travelled portion
of the way as defined by prior snow removal procedures performed by
Town Employees.
Petition of Nicholas F. Nicetta; Highway Surveyor, Joweph W. Lawlor;
Chief of Police. ..
Under the afm~esaid article it was VOTED UANIMOUSLY to ADOPT the
Article.
ARTICLE 29. To see if the Town will vote to amend its General By'Laws
by striking out Sections i and 6 of Article III, and to rentunber the
remaining sections of said Article Accordingly.
Petition of the Town By-Law Committee.
~Jnder the aforesaid article 1~ was VO'LED LrNANI~OUSLY to ADOPT the
Article:
(Art.5. Sec.1. The ~electmen shall annually during the mont~ c~ March,
appoint at least five police officers, and a Chief of Police. The
latter shall have general supervision and direction of the constables
and police officers of the Town. Our Polbe Dept., Civil Service.
Art.~. Sec.6. No person shall pasture cattle or other animals either
with or without a keeper, upon any of the streets or ways of the Town,
provided that this By-Law shall not affect the rights of an person to
the use of the land within th limits of such street or way adjoining
his own premises.)
ARTICLE 31. To see if the Town will vote to adopt the Building By-Law
hereinafter set out in full in our Appendix to the Warrant for this
Neeting. Petition of the Building Code Committee.
Under the aforesaid~ Article it was VOTED IR~ANIMOUSLY to ADOPT the
Article: (copy attached)
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER
JOHN J. LYONS, Town Clerk
ELECTION DEPA~TMEN~
TOW~ BUILDING
NOlgl~ ANDOVE!~,
Honorable Robert Ho ~inn.
Narch 27, 1970
Eleven hundred ninety-eight (1198) duly registered voters were
pre sent.
A true copy: ATTEST: ~' ~"
CC (Bldg Laws)
Boston, Mass. May 12, 1970
The foregoing amendments to general by-laws adopted under
Articles 28, 29 and 31 are approved.
// ~"A[t~r~ey General
APPENDIX TO WARRANT FOR THE 1970 ANNUAL TOWN MEETING
SECTION
e
PROPOSED NORTH ANDOVER BUILDING BY-~. W
(Article 31 of Warrant)
GENERAL PROVISIONS
This By-Law shall be known as the North Andover Building By-Law. Its
intent is to provide for the safety and welfare of the inhabitants of
the Town insofar as they are dependent upon building construction.
No structure, building, or part thereof, shall hereafter be bn~lt, con-
structed, razed, altered, added to, or changed in type of use or occupancy
except in conformity with this By-Law.
The Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, including the Board of
Standards Building Code affecting buildings or structures, excluding
permissive legislation relating thereto not accepted by the Town of North
Andover, shall be as fully complied with as though herein written. The
Board of Standards Building Code, hereinafter referred to as the "State
Cod'e", shall apply in all situations not covered or referred to in this
By-Law.
No provisions of the Zoning By-Law pertaining to uae, location or con-
struction of buildings shall be nullified by the provisions of this By-Law.
BUILDINGS AFFECTED:
The following shall be excepted from the provisions of this By-Law:
(a) Buildings belonging to the United States of America or to the
Commaonwealth of Massachusetts.
(b) Bridges, quays, and wharves.
(c) Buildings not more than eight feet in length or breadth or
seven feet in height measured to the extremities.
(d)
Temporary structures erected for storage or offices during
construction operations, providing such structures shall be
removed at completion of operations.
(e) Ordinary repairs.
ENFORCEMENT:
The Chief of Police, upon application of the B~11ding Inspector, shall
cause complaint to be made before the proper court for any violation of
any provision of this By-Law. The Selectmen, or the Building In.spector,
may institute proceedings to enforce this By-Law and to enjoin the erection,
alteration, continuance or occupation of any structure in violation of the
provisions of this By-Law.
10.
PENALTY:
No person shall continue work after the Inspector has notified htm in
writing that the work must be suspended, or has posted the structure with
"Stop Work Orders", now shall such notices he removed without the per-
mission of the Inspector. Whoever violates or continues to violate this
By-Law after having been notified of such violation shall be pumishad by
a fine not in ex~ess of $100. Each week during which such violation is
continued shall be deemed to be a separate offense.
The imposition of the penalties herein prescribed shall not precl~e
the Selectmen from instituting an appropriate action or proceeding to
prevent an unlawful erection, construction, reconstruction, alteration,
repair, conversion, maintenance or use, or to restrain, correct or abate
a violation, or to prevent the occupancy of a structure or portion thereof~
or of the presses, or to prevent an illegal act, conduct, business or use
in or about any premises.
BUILDING APPEALS COMMITTEE:
There shall be a permanent committee composed of five members, appointed by
the Selectmen, one of whom shall be the B~ilding Inspector, which shall be
known as the Building Appeals Committee. The Building Inspector may submit
to said committee any application for building permits which incorporate
new methods or new materials to be used in construction. Any person ag-
grieved by act or decision of the Building Inspector may appeal therefrom
within ten days by f~ling an application for a hearing with the Building
Appeals Committee. In varying the application of any provision of this
By-Law, or in modifying an order of the Building Inspector, affirmati~
votes of three members shall be required; the Building Inspector not having
voting power. The ruling of the Building Appeals Commlttee upon any such
ap~nlication shall be final and binding upon the applicant and the Building
~nspector.
REPEAL OF CONFLICTING L~WS:
When this By-Law becomes effective, it shall repeal all prior inconsistent
building By-Laws of the Town.
VALIDITY:
The invalidity of any section or provision of this By-Law shall not
validate any other section or provision thereof.
BUILDING DE P~RTMENT
The Selectmen shall annually in April, appoint a Building Ynspector, who
shall hold office for the term of one year or until s~lch time as his
successor is appointed.
15.
The Selectmen shall have the poMer to discharge the Inspector for
failure to perform his duties, and to fill any vacancy in the office.
The ~nspector or his authorized agent shall have the charge and control of
the enforcement of the regulations relative to building in the Town. His
salary or compensation shall be such as the Town may from time to time
determine. He may, with the approval of the Selectmen, employ such assist-
ance, expert or otherwise, as may be necessary for the performance of the
duties of his office.
The Inspector shall administer the Building Department and enforce this
By-Law, keeping a record of the business of the Department, making all
returns required by law, render an annual report to the Selectmen and
such other reports as they m~y request. He shall issue all permfts and
examine all buildings for which he has issued permits. He shall e~x~mine
all buildings or structures reported to be insecure, dangerous, or damaged
by fire. He shall order the suspension of any work being done in violation
of this By-Law.
The Building Inspector shall not be personally liable while acting for the
Town, and he is hereby relieved from all personal liability for any damage
that may accrue to persons or property as a result of any act required or
permitted in the discharge of his official duties.
For purposes of inspection and examination, the Inspector shall have the
right of entry at any reasonable hour and upon proper identification.
16.
18.
19.
APPLICATIONS AND PEB3IITS
Before erecting, altering, moving, razing, adding to or making any change
in use or type of occupancy of any building or structure, the owner shall
file an application for a permit with the Bttilding Department, along with
plans and specifications as required by the Building Inspector. No ex-
cavating or other work shah begin tmtil a permit is granted.
The Inspector shall ex~m~e all applications for permits, plans, specifica-
tions and other data submitted in order to determine if a permit shall be
issued. He shall require that all workmanship and all building materials
shall be of good quality and that types and~ methods of construction shall
be in accordance with generally accepted standards of engineering practice
and not inconsistent with law.
Each applicant for a bttilding permit must submit a plan of his lot, to-
gether with an application, showing the location, dimensions, estimated
cost, nature and extent of the proposed work or chaug~es, purpose for which
the building is to be used and such other information as the Inspector sh~ll
require. The lot must be staked with visible and adequate bounds in accord-
ance with the plan submitted.
The Inspector may require such changes in plans and specifications as will
bring them in conformity w~th this By-Law. One copy of the submitted plans,
~roperly stamped with the Inspector's approval, shall be returned with the
permit and kept on the sdte, available for reference.
20.
21.
22.
24.
25.
SPECIAL PERMIT:
Nothing in the By-Law shall prevent the Inspector from iss-~g a special
permit for a parb of the work while the application is being examined. No
work shall be done except in accordance with the permit.
TIME LIMITATION:
Permits shall be issued within thirty days after receipt of the application,
providing the requirements of this By-Law and the Zoning By-Law are fully
complied with. Permits shall become void one year after date of issue
unless construction thereunder shall have been commenced, or after the
operations thereunder are discontinued for a period of more than one year.
A new permit must be obtained before any fttrther work is started.
PERMIT FEES:
Based upon estimated costs of construction, the permit fees shall be as
follows:
Up to ~1,000 . .
Over $7,000 ........
il ll% lO.OO
thousand
on estimated cost
Residential estimated costs shall be based on $15.00 per square foot.
INSPECTION:
Now all or ceiling of any structure shall be lathed or otherwise covered
until the Inspector has been notified that the structure is ready for such
work, and until he has given written consent therefor. The Inspector shall
act on such notice within 48 hours of its receipt.
OCCUPANCY PERMIT:
No building of any type sS~ll be occupied until all requirements of this
By-Law and the "State Code" are met and a Certificate of Occupancy is
issued by the Building Inspector.
DEFINITIONS
ADDITION: An extension or increase in floor area or height of a building
or structure.
ALTERATION: Any change in the arrangement of a building or structure or
any work affecting the structural parts thereof, not constituting a repair.
APARTMENT: One or more rooms designed for, or occupied as, a residence by
one family.
APARTMENT HOUSE: A building designed for, or occupied as, a residence by
more than two families.
-5-
APPROVED: Unless otherwise provided, this refers to approval bythe
Inspector.
ATTIC: The space between the top of uppermost floor construction and the
under side of roof const~:ction.
BASEMENT: The portion of a building that is partly underground, but which
has more than half its height measured from finished floor to ceiling above
the average finished grade of adjoining ground.
BEARING WALL: A wall supporting any load other than its own weight.
BUILDING: A structure having a roof supported by columns or walls for the
shelter, support, or enclosure of persons, animals or property.
CEllAR: Lowermost portion of a building partly or totally underground
having more than half of its heiEht below the average grade of the adjoining
ground.
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY: The Department of Public Safety of the Common-
~ealth of Massachusetts and Board of Standards Building Code.
DIVISION WALb: A masonry bearing wall extending between external or party
· m~lls, and sub-dividing a building into parts.
ENGINEERING STANDARD: A specification, code, rule, guide, practice or pro-
cedure generally accepted in the field of construction, based upon engineer-
ing practice, capable of verification by objective scientific tests and
widely recogni~ed and accepted as authoritative.
FIRE DOOR, AUTOMATIC: A fire door equipped with a fusible link so as to
close by the action of fire.
FIRE PARTITION: A wall or partition which sub-divides a building so as to
restrict the spread of fire, or to provide an area of refuge.
FIRST STORY: The first story wholly above adjacent ground.
FOOTING: That part of a masonry foundation resting directly on the ground.
FOUNDATION: A wail or pier which is below ground and supports other parts
of a building.
HALF STORY: A story directly under a sloping roof in which the point of
intersection of the bottom of the rafters and the face of the w~_lls is less
than five feet.
INCCMBUSTIBLE: Material which will not support combustion.
MILL CONSTRUCTION: That type of construction havingmasonrywalls and
heavy timber, interior construction with no concealed spaces.
NON-BEARING W~JJ: A wall or partition carrying no load other than its own
weight.
PARTITION WALL: A non-bearing ~ll.
PARTY WALL: A masonry wall used or built to be used in eo, m,,on by two or
more buildings.
PLOT PLAN: A plan showing measurements and boundaries of an individual lot.
REINFORCED CONCRETE: An approved mixture of Portland Cement, water and fine
and coarse aggregate, reinforced by steel.
REPAIR: The reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing b,,~lding
for the purpose of restoration.
SPAN OF BEAM: The distance from center to center of its supports.
STORY: That portion of a building above the basement or cellar which is
between one floor level and the next higher floor level.
STRUCTURE: Means a combination of m~terials to form a construction that is
safe and stable; including, among others, buildings, stadi,,m~, tents, re-
viewing stands, platforms, staging, obser~tion towers, radio towers, water
tanks, towers, private and public swimming pools, trestles, piers and wharves,
sheds, shelters, fences and Malls, and display signs; the term structure shall
be construed as if followed by the words "or part thereof".
VENEER: A facing of brick, stone, concrete, tile, glass or other material
attached to a wall for the purpose of providing ornamentation or protection
and not providing support.
26.
~QUIRED AREAS
a. No building shall hereafter be erected, altered or used for habitation
with a ground area of less than 600 square feet.
b. In every dwelling hereafter erected there shall be in each apartment at
least one room c~mtaining not less than one hundred and fifty square feet of
floor area, and every other room except kitchenettes, water closet compart-
ments and bath rooms, shall contain not less than ninety square feet of floor
area and for rooms where people are employed there shall be at least twenty-
five square feet of floor area for each person.
27.
LIGHT AND VENTILATION
a. In every apartment house, dwelling or place where people are employed,
hereafter erected, every room shall have at least one window opening directly
upon the street or upon the yard, or court, except that kitchenettes, pantries,
toilets, and bathrooms may have such windows opening upon a light well or m~y
be ventilated by fans, ducts, or ventilated skylights with the approval of
the Building Inspector. All windows shall be of such size and so located as
to properly light all parts of such rooms. No light well shall be less than
three feet in its least dimension nor less in area than twelve square feet
for one story, and must be increased six square feet in area for each additional
story, and the ~mlls of such light well shall be constructed c~ non-combustible
material.
b. ROOMS BELOW GRADE: No room which has less than one-half (~) of its height
above the finished grade shall be occupied as a habitable room. Tb~ provisions
of this section shall not be construed to prohibit play, recreation or similar
rooms below grade.
c. ATTIC SPACES: Ail attic spaces and unoccupied spaces between roofs and top
floor ceilings shall he ventilated by not less th~ two (2) opposite louvres
or vents with a total clear area of opening not less than one-third (1/3) of
one percent (1%) of the horizontally projected roof area.
d. CRAWL SPACES: Access spaces under grade floor construction and wherever
wood, gypsum, metal or other floor construction subject to corrosion or
de~£oration is installed above the ground without basements shall be provided
not less than eighteen (18) inches in depth. Such spaces shall he vented with
screened openings having a clear ar.ca of not less than one-third (1/3) of one
per cent (1%) of the enclosed buildmng area or shall be provided with other
equivalent means of artificial ventilation. The screens shall he corrosion-
resistive and rodent proof.
28.
WINDOW SI2E
In all rooms used for residence purposes hereafter erected, the total window
area in each room, including toilets and bathrooms, except where mechanically
ventilated as prescribed by law, shall be at least one-tenth of the floor
area of the room with not less than one-half of the required glass area avail-
able for unobstructed ventilation.
29.
ROOF STRUCTURES
No structure shall be erected or placed on any building above the highest
level permitted for the roof, except over stairs, tanks, elevators, elevator
machinery, cooling towers and the like.
The average height of any parapet on a roof shall be not more than four feet
above the ht.~hest level permitted for the roof, and the maximtu~ height of the
parapet above the roof shall not exceed six feet at any point.
SKYLIGHTS, PROJECTIONS and SIGNS
a. Ail skylight oversh~fts extending more than one story on roofs of structure
other than dwelling houses shall be metal and wire glass, and shall not be at
any point higher than six feet above the highest level pe~rmitted for the roof
except with special approval.
b. Bays. Balconies, Porc. hes, Cornices and Other Projections: No parts of a
structure shall project over any street, square, or public way.
c. Gutter leaders and conductors shall not project more than seven inches.
d. Signs and marquees shall be allowed, if the materials and methods of
construction are approved by the Building Inspector. Refer to Sign By-Laws.
32.
ROOF WATER
No roof shall be so constructed as to discharge water, ice or snow upon a
public way or adjoining property.
EXIT REQUIP~MENTS
a. Every building and structure and p~rt thereof hereafter erected shall
have adequate exit ways providing safe and continuous means of egress to a
street or to an open space with direct access to a street as herein pro-
vided. The owner or lessee of every existing building and structure shall
be responsible for the safety of all persons in or occupying such premises
with respect to the maintenance and adequacy of means of egress therefrom.
b. .ONE FAMILY D~LLINGS: In dwellings, the exit stairway shall be not less
than three ~3) feet in width w~th continuous walls, guards or handrails
projecting not more than three and one-half (3-1/2) inches into the stair
width.
c. M~LTI-F~ILY DWELLINGS: Every dwelling house hereafter erected or altered
shall have two separate stairways leading from each apartment to the ground,
access to these stairways being at two points as far apart as possible.
d. P~ADROOM: The minimum headroom in all parts of the stairway and its
enclosure shall be not less than six and two-thirds (6-2/3) feet measured
vertically.
e. ACCESS TO FLAT ROOFS: Every building of two stories or more and having
a flat roof shall have permanent access to the roof, from the inside of the
building, through an opening at least two feet by three feet, with fixed
stepladder or stair. Such opening shall have direct access from a public
corridor or a stair hall and shall not be equipped with a lock.
34.
FOOTINGS AND FOUNDATIONS
FOUNDATIONS: The foundations of all structures for dwellings shall be walls
aud/°r piers of masonry. All other wooden structures not more than two stories
in height, may be built wholly or in part upon piers or posts of masonry or
iron. The foundations of all structures must rest on solid ground or leveled
surfaces of solid rock, or on piles, concrete, or other solid substance. Such
foundations, other than solid rock, shall extend not less than three feet below
the adjacent surface of the ground.
Sundecks, porches and steps shall have suitable foundations of stone,
brick, iron or concrete, built on undisturbed soil, not less than three feet
six inches below, and extending not less than three inches above the finished
grade.
Excavations for stone foundations shall be msde at least six inches
beyond the outside of foundation walls am~ shall not be backfilled until
inspected.
Foundation walls of stone shall be at least sixteen inches thick.
Foundation walls of concrete shall be poured with forms upon both
sides and shall be well compacted into space. For dwellings, the thickness
of the foundation walls shall be at least ten inches, but garages and porches
may have concrete walls eight inches in thickness. The concrete shall be
mixed in such p~oportion of Portland cement, clean sharp sand and broken stone
or well-screened gravel as shall, when set after a period of 28 days, have a
minimum compressive strength of 2,500 pounds per squ~re inch.
Foundation walls of concrete block or brick shall be at least twelve
inches thick for two-story buildings and at least twelve inches thick below
grade and eight inches thick above grade for those of one story.
No concrete or other masonry work shall be erected during freeziug
temperatures unless adequate precautions are taken.
Foundations shall not be "trench poured" emcept for non-residential
structures.
FOOTINGS: All foundation walls and piers for dwellings shall have concrete
footings at least eight inches in depth and projecting at least four inches
beyond the wall or pier on each side. Concrete shall have a minimum com-
pressive strength of 2~500 lbs. per square inch. Footings for structures
other than dwellings shall be constructed from designs and m~xes appropriate
to the weioTht to be imposed and as approved by the Building Inspector.
Satisfactory bearing materials for foundations and footings shall
~nclude ledge rock on its natural bed; natural deposits of coarse or medium
sand, gravel or dry clay, or a combination of such materials provided they do
not overlie an appreciable amount of peat, organic silt, moist or wet clay or
other objectionable materials. Test borings of the soil may he required by
the Building Inspector if he considers it necessary.
BRICK STRUCTURES, BOND
All brick walls shall he bu~t with proper bond and all intersections
of walls shall be thoroughly bonded together with brick or tied together with
approved metal ties, as often as every eighth course.
36.
MASONRY VENEERS
Masonry veneer shall consist of brick, stone, concrete, or other
approved material. Masonry veneer shall be at least four inches thick
when used as a facing for wood frame construction, and shall not be per-
mitted above two stories except for gables. Such veneer shall rest directly
upon a foundation wall or upon reinforced concrete or other approved masonry.
It shall be secured to the wall at intervals of not more than sixteen inches
vertically, and twenty-four inches horizontally, and combined with a weat~her-
proof lining. All metal ties or clamps used for securing masonry veneer or
ashlar shall be substantial and of an approved noncorrodible metal.
37.
PARTY WATJ.S OF BRICK STRUCTURES OTHER THAN DWELLING HOU. SES
a. Party walls and all partition walls of brick, in all structures other
than dwelling houses with ex~cernal walls not exceeding for$y feet in height,
shall not be less than sixteen inches to the top of the second floor, and
not less than twelve inches thick for the remaining height, and, in buildings
having external walls exceeding forty feet in height, said walls shall be not
less than twenty inches thick to the top of the third floor, and not less than
twelve inches thick for the remaining height.
b. No opening or doorway shall be cut through or formed in a party partition
wall of any structure without a permit from the B~,tlding Inspector, and every
such doorway shall be provided with approved automatic or self-closing fire
doors on both sides of the wall.
38.
,F~II:~ W'~ T,_T:S
No building, to be used as a dwelling, shall hereinafter be erected,
and ho existing building shall be altered or added to for such purpose,
thereby giving it a frontage of more than fifty feet, without one or more
pertition walls of masonry, extending from the bottom of the cellar or from
a foundation wall to the under side of the roof-boarding, which shall be laid
and be imbedded in mortar upon said wall. Such walls shah not be more than
fifty feet apart throughout the length of the building. No existing building
having a frontage of more than fifty feet shall be converted for use as a
dwelling-house without at least one partition wall, constructed as described
in this section. Provided, however, that any single dwelling-house used for
one fsmily may be extended more than fifty feet in one direction Without
such partition wall.
39.
FIRE STOPPING
Fire stoppings shall be designed and installed to close all concealed
draft openings and to form effective fire barriers against the spread of
fire in all subdivisions of any one story and between all stories of the
building; and all open spaces in the structttral frsm~, and all other openings
that would permit the free travel of flame sb~llbe effectively fire stopped.
Such fire stopping shall be constructed of formed steel of not less t~n
No. 20 U.S. gage or other approved incombustible materials effectively secured
in place~ except that in open spaces of wood-frame, construction, firestops of
two (2) thicknesses of one (1) inch lumber with broken lap joints or of two
(2) inch 1,tuber installed with tight joints shall be permitted.
a. WOOD STUD WALLS: All wood stud walls and partitions shall be firestopped
for the full depth of floor and roof framing at each floor level and between
the ceiling of the top story and the roof space.
b. FURRED SPACES: All furred spaces ~F frame walls and studded-off pieces
of m~sonry walls shall be firestopped at m~ximum intervals of eight (8)
feet both horimontally and vertically.
c. SLIDING DOORS: Wher~ sliding doors are pocketed in partitions, such
pockets shall he completely firestopped on all sides.
d. STAIRWAYS: Fire stopping shall he provided between stair stringers at
least once in the middle portion of each run and at the top and bottom and
between studs of frame construction along and in line with the run of the
stairs.
e. PIPES AND DUCTS: The space around pipes, ducts or power shafting in
floor or partition construction which is penetrated by such equipment shall
be firestopped by filling with incombustible materials or by close-fitting
metal collars at ceiling and floor line and at both sides of the partition;
or such openings shall be otherwise protected to prevent the passage of
flame, hot gases and smoke.
f. ATTACHED PRIVATE GARAGES: All private garages located beneath or
attached to a dwelling shall have the common walls and ceiling constructed
of materials having not less than a one hour fire resistance, including
exit ways through such walls. Where a common wall exists, fire resistive
m~terials must be carried to the roof line. The junction of garage wall
and breemeway roof sh~ll be properly fire stopped.
g. BASEMENT RECREATION ROOMS: In other than one family dwellings, the
basements of which are used as playrooms or for other recreational purposes
with an occupancy load of twelve (12) or more, such areas and the stairway
shall be enclosed with partitions and ceiling of not less than one-half (1/2)
hour fire-resistive construction with direct access to the main street exit.
A direct secondary exit from the basement to street, yard or court leading
to the street shall be accepted in lieu of the requirement for an enclosed
stairway.
INSPECTION
No firestopping shall be concealed or covered until it has been inspected
and approved by the Building Inspector.
CHIMNEYS,. FLUES AND FIREPLACES
With the adoption of this Code, it will be necessary for any person to
obtain a permit before starting the construction of a ch4,~ey or fireplace.
A. MASONRY CHIMNEYS AND FIREPLACES:
No chizmey shall be corbelled from a wall more than the thickness of the
wall, nor be hung from a wall less than twelve inches thick.
Every chimney shah rest on a proper footing of approved masonry.
Concrete footings shall be at least four inches wider than the ch4wney ~ all
sides, and shall be at least eight inches thick.
Ail chimneys shall be built of brick or other solid masonry material,
laid up in the best ltme or cement mortar.
Ail masonry chimneys shall have te~-~-a cotta flue lining or fire brick
extending from the lowest thimble or smoke chamber to the top of the
The ends of lining pipes shall be made to fit close together; the joints
shall be filled with mortar; and the lining shall be built in as the flue or
flues are carried up. AIl flue lining is to be supported ~y masorn~y.
Each flue shall vent only one heater or appliance unless otherwise
allowed by the Blzilding Inspector.
Every chimney shall be topped out or capped with brick, terra cotta,
stone, iron or cement. Every chimney shall extend at least two feet above
the highest point at which it comes in contact with a roof of the building and
at least two feet higher than any roof sttrface within twelve feet in a hori-
zontal line, except chimneys on flat roofs sh~l ex~end four feet above the
roof surface.
No woodwork shall be within one inch of any chimney.
If any chimney, flue, or heating apparatus shall, in the opinion of the
Inspector, be unsafe, he shall at once notii~y in writing the ox~ner who, upon
receiving said notice, shall make the same safe to the satisfaction of the
Inspector.
The jambs and backs of all fireplaces shah be of masonry~ not less
eight inches thick (including both the rough and finished work) if of brick,
and not less than twelve inches, if wholly or partly of stone.
Brickwork or stonework over fireplaces or similar openings shadl be
supported by steel lintels or by brick or stone arches.
Ail po~'tions of chimaeys or fireplaces so constructed as to receive a
lateral thrust, not taken care of by iron members thoroughly anchored to the
masonry, shall be at least eight inches thick.
No fireplace flue sh~ll be less than 8" x 12", and in all cases the area
of the flue shall be at least 1/10 the area of the fireplace opening.
The interior of all fireplace throats shall be thoroughly covered with
a coat of cement mortar, carried up to a solid connection with the flue
lining, and every rake in the chinmey shall be plastered with a good thick
coat of cement mortar on both the outside and the inside.
All hearths shall be laid on masonry trimw~r arches, or on a reinforced
concrete slab eight inches thick and shall extend at least eight inches b~yond
each side of the finished fireplace opening. They shall have a tmif~m width
of at least twelve inches in front of the finished jambs and fireplace.
Every fireplace chimney shall extend a mi~ height of twelve feet
above the dsmper.
In every chimney having more than one flue there shall be a miBimum of
three inches of masonry between flues.
The entire firebox and throat of every fireplace sh~l 1 be constructed of
herd clay or fire brick to the flue lining.
B. METAL CHIMNEYS:
Prefabricated metal chi~eys will he permitted provided they are of a
type approved by the National Fire Underwriters Laboratory and the local Fire
Depar~_.w~_~nt.
WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION
Exterior walls and interior partitions of wood frame structures which
are constructed of either balloon, braced or platform types shall consist of
sills, posts, girts and r~.bbon strips to develop the required strength and
rigidity in compliance with the requirements of this Section and as specified
in Tables 12 and 13 of the State Building Code. The frame shall he braced at
all angles or adequately sheathed, and the floor, attic and roof framing of
wood Joists, beams and rafters shall be secured by nailing as specified in
the Nailing Schedule; or by any other approved connecting devices of equal
strength. The exterior walls shall be designed and constructed to resist a
longitudinal, horizontal force of one hundred (100) pounds per lineal foot
acting along the upper edge with a maximum horizontal displacement of one-
eighth (l/S) inches.
43.
GRADES AND SIZES: All lumber and timber used in load bearing members shall
be sound, free from rot and large or loose knots, and damaging diagonal or
spiral grain; and shall be at least equal in quality to the following
commercial stress grades; studs, posts, planks, beams, joists and rafters
1200 PSI mtn. stress; and girders and timbers 1500 PSI min. stress. Ail
timber sizes herein specified are nominal sizes.
44. MINIMUM LOAD REQUIREMENTS: All structures to be used for dwelling purposes
shall be designed to meet the following requirements for live loads:
45.
-14-
MINIMUM LOAD REQUIREMENTS (cont.)
1. Floors and low slope roofs having less than a 5 to 12 slope:
40 lbs. per square foot.
2. Limited attic storage (no space for future rooms): 20 lbs.
per square foot.
3. Roofs having a minimum slope of 5 to 12:
a. Light roofing:
b. Heavy roofing:
30 lbs. per sqt~are foot.
(weighing over 5 lbs. per square foot)
40 lbso per square foot.
FLOOR JOISTS: For ordinary conditions of use and live loads, the spans of
jois~and beams shall be limited by the following table: This table will
also aoply to low slope roofs having leSs than a 5 to 12 slope.
Floor-JoistS-Maximum Clear Spans
Size of Spacing of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
joists joists species and grade of lumber used, refer to the coln..~ below
nominal) center $o with the corresponding value to det, ermine ~ ~mum safe span.
n inches center in ~
inches
900 1000 1100 1200 ,!300 1400 1500
ft. in. ft. in. ft. in'j ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in,
12 8 9 9 3 9 S 10 0 10 6 10 11 11 3
2 x6 16 ? 8 8 0 8 4 8 9 9 1 9 5 9 9
~4 6 3 6 ? 6 10 7 3 ? 6 ? 10 8 1
~2 11 ? 12 2 12 9 13 4 13 10 14 5 14 11
2 x 8 16 10 1 10 8 11 2 11 8 12 2 12 ? 13 O
2A S 3 8 9 9 2 9 6 9 11 10 4 10 8
12 14 7 15 4 16 1 16 10 17 6 iS 2 18 9
2 x 10 16 12 8 13 4 14 0 14 8 15 3 15 10 16 5
~4 10 5 LI 0 11 6 12 1 ~2 ? 13 1 13 6
12 lV 6 18 5 19 4 20 2 21 0 21 10 22 7
2 x 12 16 15 3 16 2 16 11 17 ~ 18 5 19 1 19 9
24 12 ? 13 4 13 11 14 7 15 2 15 9 16 3
12 20 4 21 5 22 6 23 6 24 6 25 4 26 3
2 x 14 16 17 10 18 9 19 S 20 7 21 5 22 3 23 0
24 14 S 15 6 ~16 3 17 0 17, 8 18 4 i 19 0
46. CEILING JOISTS: Limited attic storage (no space for future rooms)
Ceil_ .inE Joists - Maximum Clear Spans
Sime of Spacing of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
joists joists species and grade of lumber used, refer to the column below
(nominal) center to with ~the corresponding value to de.ten ~ne ma~_'m~m saf~ span.
in inches center in
inches
iooo ,,,i oo i oo i oo i5oo
ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in.~ ft. in
l~ 8 1 8 7 9 0 9 5 9 8 10 1 10 6
2 x4 16 7 1 7 5 ? 9 8 1 8 6 8 9 9 1
24 5 9 6 2 6 5 6 8 7 0 7 2 7 6
~2 12 5 13 1 13 9 14 4 15 0 15 6 16 0
2 x 6 16 10 10 11 5 12 0 12 ? 13 1 13 7 14 1
24~ 9 0 9 5 9 10 10 4 10 9 11 2 11 ?
12 16 5 17 4 18 1 18 10 19 8 20 5 21 1
2 x 8 16 14 5 15 2 15 10 16 7 17 4 17 10 18 7
24 11 10 12 6 13 1 13 8 14 4 14 9 15 4
~ 20 6 21 7 22 7 23 8 24 7 25 6 26 6
2 x 10 16 18 4 19 4 20 2 21 1 21 10 22 8 2,3 6
24 15 0 15 9 16 6 17 2 18 0 18 8 19 4
~2 24 6 25 9 27 1 28 4 29 5 30 0 30 0
2 x 12 16 21 ? 22 9 23 10 25 O 26 0 27 0 27 10
24 18 0 19 0 19 10 20 9 21 ? 22 5 23 2
47.
RAFTERS: Allowable spans for roof rafters with a minimum slope of 5 to 12.
Rafter lengths to be measured along the slope of the rafter from plate to ridge.
Rafter Lengths -..Light Roofing
3Ize of ~pacing of Determine I'iore s%ress mn pounds per square inch iox- ~ne
~fters rafters species and grade of lumber used, refer to the column below
~ominal) center to · ~ with .t. he corresoond~n~ value to determine maxim~ safe $:~n~
inches center in
inches
900 1000 1100 1200 1 oo ] ~00 1500
f~. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in
12 15 1 15 10 16 8 17 5 18 1 18 9 19 6
x 6 16 13 2 14 0 14 8 15 4 15 10 16 6 17 1
24 11 o 11 ? 12 2 12 8 13 2 13 8 14 2
12 19 8 20 9 21 9 22 9 23 8 24 7 25 6
2 x 8 16 17 5 18 5 19 4 20 1 20 10 21 8 22 6
24 14 6 15 4 16 0 16 8 17 5 18 0 18 8
12 24 6 25 10 2? 1 28 4 29 6 30 0 30 0
2 x 10 16 21 9 22 10 24 0 25 126 1 27 1 28 1
24 1~ 2 19 1 i 20 1 21 O 21 9 22 7 23 5
Rafter LenMths - Heav~ Roofin~
Size of SpacinE of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
rafters rafters species and grade of lumber used, refer to the column__ below
~nominal) center to with the ,,corresponding valu~ to determ~.e ~ma~imum safe, soan~
in inches center in
inches
900 1000 1100 1200 1~00 1400 .. 1500
I ft. in. ft. in. ft. in~ ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in.
12 11 2 12 4 12 11 13 6 14 0 14 6 15
2 x 6 16 10 2 10 9 11 3 11 9 12 3 12 9 13
2 4 8 4 8 10 9 3 9 8 10 1 10 6 10
12 15 5 16 3 17 0 17 10 18 6 19 2
2 x 8 16 13 6 14 3 15 0 15 ? 16 3 16 10 17
24 11 2 11 9 12 4 12 10 13 4 13 10 14
32 19 4 20 4 21 4 22 3 23 3 24 1 24
2 x 10 16 ]7 0 17 11 18 9 19 ? 20 5 21 2 21
24 14 0 14 10 15 6 16 3 16 11 17 6 18
48.
50.
51.
Collar ties for rafters not over sixteen feet long must be one inch by
six inches and for rafters over sixteen feet long must be two inches by six
inches; in both cases collar ties must be provided for at least alter~ate
rafters.
Roof Trusses: Ail calculations, design, and data for design of roof trusses
shall be submitted to the Building Inspector for approval.
BRIDGING: In all floor, attic and flat roof joist framing, there shall be not
less than one line of bridEing for each eight (8) feet of span, and the bridging
shall be of not less than one by three (1 x 3) inch lumber, double-nailed at
each end. A line of bridging shall also he required to support where adequate
lateral stiffness is not otherwise provided.
CUTTING AND NOTCHING: In girders, beam~ or joists, cuts and bore holes shall
not be deeper than one-fifth (1/5) the beam or girder depth or more than two
(2) inches in diameter; and shall not be located nearer to the end of the
span than three (5) times the beam depth nor within the center third of the
span, unless reinforced to meet stress calculations. In studs of bearing walls
or partitions, notches nmde to receive piping or duct work or for other fab-
rication ~urposes shall be cut not more than one-third (1/3) the depth of the
stud or the required studs shall be doubled or otherwise reinforced.
CONNECTIONS AND FASTENINGS: Ail structural members shall be connected and
fastened at their junction with connectors, boltS, lag screws, spikes, nails,
straps or other approved devices; in accordance with the recozmended nailing
schedule.
LINTEL REQUIREMENTS:
Spans less than four (4) feet .......... Two 2 x 4
Spans four (4) feet to six (6) feet ....... TWO 2 x 6
Spans six (6) feet to eight (8) feet ...... Two 2 x 8
Spans eight (8) feet to ten (10) feet ...... Two 2 x 10
52.
55.
56.
57.
TYPES OF SHEATHING: Except when approved stucco construction is used with
a wrapping of No. 18 gage wire attached horizontally on the studs at six
(6) inch intervals, the sheathing of all exterior frame walls shall consist
of one of the following materials or any other approved material of equal
strength and durability approved by the Building Inspector:
1 - inch reinforced cement mortar
1 - inch wood sheathing
1/2 - inch plywood
3/4 - inch fibre boards
TYPES OF ROOF DECKING: Roof deck sheathing shall consist of not less tham
one (1) inch boards or approved plywood of the thickness specified herein
or other approved materials of equivalent strength and rigidity. If open
deck sheathing is used on pitched roofs, it shall consist of not less than
one by four (1 x 4) inch roofers spaced not more than six (6) inches on
centers.
THICKNESS OF PLYWOOD REQUIRED: Framing members 16"-0.C. A. Subflooring and roof decking for roofs having less than a slope of
5 to l~: 5/8' Plyscord with exterior glue.
B. Wall sheathing: 1/2" Plyscord with exterior glue.
C. Roof sheathing: (For roofs having a minimum slope of 5 to 12)
1/2" Plyscord with exterior glue.
All plywoods used must have five layers, and must be stamped by the
manufacturer certifying that the product meets the requirements of the
D.F.P.A.
FRAMING OF OPENINGS: All windows and door openings shall have double studs
for the full height of the opening at jambs, w~th double headers or trussed
construction over the opening as provided in Section 51.
EXTERIOR WEATHERBOARDING AND VENEERS: Ail exterior wall coverings shall be
of approved moisture and weather,resisting materials of sufficient stiffness
and properly attached to resist rain and wind.
TYPES OF WEATHER W%T.L COVERINGS: The following materials shall be accepted
as approved weather coverings of the nom~l thickness specified:
Stucco or Exterior Plaster
Wood Siding
Protected Combustible Siding
Wood Shingles
Exterior Plywood
Asbestos Shi~les
Asbestos Cement Boards
3/4 inches
5~8 inchas
i/2 inches
3/8 inches
5/16 inches
5/3~ inches
1/8 inches
Brick Masonry Veneers
Stone Veneers
Vitreous Tile
Aluminum Clapboard Siding
Preformed Metal Siding
Wood Olapboards
4 inches
2 inches
2 inches
0.030 inches
26 gage
1/2 inches
58.
59.
JOINTS IN GIRDERS: The Joints of solid or built-up be~* or girders shall
be made over cob-m~ or pier supports when constructed as simple spans.
When constructed of multiple Joists as continuous girders, the Joints shall
be broken in adjoining joists; and all joints shall be located between one-
sixth (1/6) and one-quarter (1/4) the span length from supports and shall
be securely nailed or otherwise bolted together in an approved manner.
SPACING OF BEAMS: Beams and joists shall be spaced not more than twenty-
four (24) inches om centers for one inch floor or roof sheathing except for
approved, integrated assembli, es~ and for heavier planking the spacing shall
be not more than thirty-two (32) times the thickness of the planking, center
to center of beam supports; except that when reinforced with finish flooring
the span of sub-floor planking shall not exceed forty-eight (48) times the
thickness of the planks.
HEADERS AND TRIMMERS: ALI headers more than four (4) feet in length a~
their tri~ers shall be doubled. Headers with four (4) or more tail be~
or six (6) feet or more in length shall be supported on approved metal joist
h~_~_gers. ~en nailing is permitted, the tail and header beams shall be
secured in accordance with the nailing schedule.
Ail tail be-ms or joists which are twelve (12) feet or more in length
shall be hung in approved Joist or beam hangers. Ail tr~,~er beams supported
on walls or partitions of fr~ construction shall be spiked together.
WALLS, PARTITIONS AND POSTS: The load-bearing value of isolated posts or
struts shall be l~ted by Table 12 and of framed walls and partitions by
Table 13 of the State Building Code. Ail wood posts used in basements or
cellars shall have concrete bases which extend not less than three (S) inches
above the finished floor and bear directly on the post footing. Whe~ flooring
of concrete or other approved impervious materials is not provided, the con-
crete base shall extend not less than six (6) ~ncbes above the finished floor°
MULTIPLE STORIES: When the frame is more than one story in height and studs
or posts are not continuous from sill to roof, the members shall be secured
together with approved clips, splices or other connections to insure con-
tinuity and a well-integrated structure. Sheet metal clsmps, ties, or clips
shall be formed of galvanized steel or other corrosion-r~sistive materials
equivalent to No. 2 U.S. gage for two (2) inch framing members and not less
than No. 18 U.S. gage in thickness for three (3) inch members. For four (4)
inch and larger members, co2~m~ splices and beam and girder supports shall
be effected w~th approved post caps of m~tal for reinforced concrete or with
through-bolted corbel blocks or side bolsters.
BRACING: Ail corner posts shall be the equivalent of not less than three
(3) two by four (2 x 4) inch studs braced by not less than one (1) one by
four (1 x 4) inch diagonal brace cut into the studs or by equivalent
construction.
FRAMING OVER OPENING: Lintels over openings in bearing w~lls or parti-
tions of one and two family dwellings shall consist of double joists not
less than herein specified or trussed construction bearing on j~ck studs,
or other approved construction affording adequate strength: See Section 51.
65.
67.
68.
69.
PLATES AND RIBBON OR LEDGER BOARDS: Plates which are used in exterior
walls to support Joists or rafters shall be doubler and the same width as
the supporting studs and each not less than two (2) inches thick. In non-
bearing partitions, at least one (1) top and bottom plate shall be pro-
vided of the same width as the studs. Ribbon or ledEer boards which
support floor or roof Joists shall be not less than one by four (1 x 4)
inches in size and shall be cut into the studs and n~.~led. Joists or
rafters supported on ribbon boards shall frame in adjacent to the studs
and shall be nailed thereto as required by the nailing schedule.
MULTIPLE JOISTS AND RAFTERS: Floor Joists under partitions shall be doubled
or formed of built-up sections or m~y be replaced by a solid section of
adequate strength to support the load. Dormer windows and other openings
in roofs shall be framed with double rafters and headers. Valley rafters
on spans over twelve (12) feet measured horizontally shall be doubled.
BEARING AND ANCHORAGE ON GIRDERS: Floor beams framing into girders shall
be anchored, tied or nailed to secure continuity. The ends of all beams
or Joists resting on girders shall bear not less than four (4) inches or
shall be supported in approved metal stir-+Gps or on wood clips or ribbon
strips not less than two by three (2 x 5) inches in size. Beams or joists
framing from opposite sides shall either lap not less than six (6) inches
and shall be securely bolted or spiked together, or when framing end to end,
all Joists, beams and girders shall be secured together by aporoved metal
ties, straps, or does.
FOUNDATION ANCHORAGE: Wall sills shall be anchored to foundation walls at
corners and at intermediate intervals of not more than eight (8) feet with
one-half (1/2) inch bolts embedded in the masonry foundation to a denth of
not less than eight ($) inches.
WALL SHEATHING AND ROOF DECKING: Exterior walls shall be sheathed w~th ply-
wood or diagonal wood sheathing, or shall be otherwise braced with approved
equivalent construction to furnish r~gidity as required in Section 42.
North Andover, Mass.
March ~, 1970
A true copy,: ATTEST:
THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
DEPARTMENT OF' THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
STATE HOUSE · BOSTON 02133
Mr. John J. Lyons
%~own Clerk
Town Building
North Andover, Massachusetts
Dear M~r. Lyons:
May 12, 1970
01845
I enclose the amendments to general by-laws adopted
un,er Articles 28, 29 and 31 and the amendments to zoning
by--].aws adopted under Articles 32 and 33 of the warrant
for tl-e annual adjourned town meeting held March 14, 1970
with the approval of the Attorney General endorsed thereon.
Very truly yours,
Assistant Attorney ,~eneral~
i-{FO' C: cav
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER.
.~o~iN J, LYon-,% Town Cleric
!~arch 27, 1970
Dear Sir:
TO~ BUILDING
1VOI~TH A~I)O~qgR, ~.SS.
4t our Am~uai Adjourned Town bieeting held in the Veteran's Auditorium
of om~ North Andover High School on Saturday March 15, 1970 at 1:30
P.~.:., the following articles appeared in the Warrant:
~RTIS~'~ 52. i'o see if the Town will vote to amend its Zoning By-Law,
in order to Fermit certain uses in Neighborhood Business Districts,
not no m:~ecifically ~ rmitted,by a~ding thereto ~he following new
se~ o ti on:
o~ctlon }z.2L~: ?anklnf~, insuran.ce, professional and Other
~imil~r offices.
Petition of ~'rancis B. Kittrcdge and others.
'Jnoer t ne aforesaid article it was VOTED to amend the Zoning By-Law
b7 ammi~] thereto the followin[] new section: Section ~.~: Insurance
orofession~l nd real estate offices.
The vote: AF~ ii{i'.~'~Tii~ 4'?9. NEGATI'~ 1~8. a two-third majority.
ARTICLE 35. To see if the Town will vote to amenm Section 9.2 of its
'7 -~ ~ .
~on_n~ 5y-Law by strikln~ therefrom the word "certified", so t~t
notices of hearings m/?~ ~'e sent to interested parties by regular first
class m~il, ~ostage prepaid, as provided by statu~, ~less the Board
of ~pcals vo:.es to sc~d notices [y certified mail im particular cases.
Petiton of the Board of appeals.
Jnder the afo?esaid article it was voted to ADOPT the article.
The vote: ~F~'~:~&~TIVE 790. HRGATI~ 45. A two-third majority.
Eleven ~un~:red ninety-eight (119~) regis/%ered voters were present.
. ~,, · .....
~ ~rue copy: A'fT~ST:
.
197~
~ne ~o~e~oin~ amen~]men~s ~o zonzn9 by-la~s
adopted unde~ A~h[clea 32 and 33 are app~ove~
~~ener~
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOV. ER
JOHN .l. I,Yf)N;% Town C!erk
Honorable ]~o~.ert H. )finn
Atto~mey ~,~ne~al of The Commonweal~th
Dear % ir:
TOWN 1~ UII, DIA°G
~arch 27~ 1970
, E-CE] VED'
~epartm~n[ of Attomc-Y Genera~
At our Annual Adjo,a.r~ed Town !~.ieeting held in the Yeteran' s Auditorium
of our >[ortl~ Andover i~igh School on Saturday March lb,, 1970 at 1:~0
P.Mo, the follovin(:; articles appeared in the warrant:
;~,'2ICLE 2~6. To see ~' %no Town will vove to amend article iii of its
General I~y-Law~ ~y ~adin~( thereto the ~ollowlng new section:
Section 10. ,~o snow o~? ice sh~ll ce deposited upon any portion of a
way open to public travel for ti~e safe maintenance of which the Town
Is resoo~sibl~, exee~:t by Town employees acting in the proper perfor-
mance oJ their d~ties, q'his ~rovision shall not prohi0it an occupant
or oromises ab~ttin~ upon such a way from cloarln.j~ snow or ice from a
sidov~alk in fro~t of sach premises, or from vast part of any driveway
or other moans of access 2rom such ~.emises to thc way, provided that
such clear!nM does not ~esult in a narrowing of the travelled portion
of the way as de~'ined b~ p~.ior snow removal procedu='es performed by
Town h~mloTees.
Petition or Nicholas F. ::~_eetta; H!~way Surveyor, Joseph W. Lawlor;
Chief of Po!ice.
Under thc afc .esai~ article i~ was VO'~D UANIHOUSLY to ADOPT the
a~ITICLE. 29. To see ff thc Town will vote ~o amend irs General By--Laws
by s :rikin':,~ out b~ctions I and 6 or Article III, anm to rcn~uer the
remainim" ~ectlons of said Drticle Accordingly.
Petition~:'~' t~ Town ~5-L:~,,' ~ ".,, ~omL~ittee.~
=nder the aforesaid article k~ was VO.~D ~R~A[:i~OJSLY to ADOPT the
Ar~ic!e:
(Art.~. See.1. The Oetectmen shall a~mually duri~ the mont~ C ~arch,
appoint at leasv five police officers, and a Chief of Police. The
latter shall have ~;eneral supervision and direction of the constables
and police officers of the Town. Our Po~e Door.., Civil 2erv~ce.
&rt.~. 5ec.o. ?o person shall pasuu?e cattle or other animals either
with or witaou~ a k~eper, upon an~ of the streets or ~,ays of the Town,
provided 5hat this ~y-Law shall not affect the ri~zhts of an person to
the use of the l~na within th limits of such street or wa~ adjoining
his ov:n premises.)
/~[££CLE ~I. To :~ee ~_f' tho Town will vote to adop~ the building By-Law
hereinafter set out in Da!i in our Appendix to th,:~ War,'ant for tnls
~1eetin~[. Petition o~ the building Code Co~multtee.
Under the aforesaia ;.rticle it was VJfED Ui~NI?.~Oi[GLY to ADOPT the
Article: [copy s ttached)
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOYER
TO '~rN BU1 LDIN' G
~OI{TH ANDOVI~R,
_%leven ':~u'~red r,!net]F-eizht (!l~d) duly registered voters were
Boston, Maze. May 12, 1970
The fore~o.Ln~j amendments to general by-laws adopted under
Articles 28. 29 and Zl are approved.
{Aktorney General
ARTICLE $4. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropri-
ate a sufficient sum of money, to be expended under the direction of the
Selectmen, for the purpose of fencing in the Town Yard for security
purposes.
Petition of the Selectmen.
ARTICLE 85. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropr/-
ate the sum of $6,000, to be expended under the direction of the High-
way Surveyor, Superintendent of Public Works and Tree Warden for
the purpose of hot-topping the Town Yard from its point of beginning
on Main Street through the entire yard.
Petition of the To~n Office Building Custodian.
ARTICLE 86. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appro-
priate the sum of $2,000, to be expended under the direction of the
Selec~raen, or such other Comraittoes as they may vote to establish, and
to be used with the funds provided by the Town under Art/cie 23 of the
Warrant for the 1969 Annual Tov~ MeetirJ~ for the purpose of panelling
walls m hallways and in the stairwells, painting ceilings in hallways
and /n the stairwells, washing all woodwork and painting with two
coats, washing all doors and applying one coat of Polyurithane, clean
and paint banisters in both of the stairwells, throughout the Town
Office Building.
Petition of the Town Office Building Custodian.
ARTICLE 87. To see if the Town will vote to divide the present
Precinct Four voting precinct into two precincts, to be known as Precinct
Four and Precinct Five, as recommended by the Selectmen in a state-
ment to be filed with the Town Clerk-at least seven days before the
date of this Meeting, pursuant to the provisions of Section 7 of Chapter
54 of the General Laws.
Petition of the Selectmen.
ARTICLE 88. To see if the Town will vote to rescind the author/-
zation to borrow in the sum of $5,000, which is the balance of the
M60,000 author/zed under Article 3 of the Warrant for the Special Town
eeting of March 18, 1967, for the purchase of highway equipment~
Petition of the Town Accountant.
ARTICLE 89. To see if the Town will vote to rescind the authori-
zation to borrow in the sum of $47,000, which is the balance of the
$757,000 authorized under Article 19 of the Warrant for the 2967 An-
nual Town Meeting for the addition to the Franklin School.
Petition of the Town Accountant.
ARTICLE 90. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate
or transfer from the Overlay Reserve the sum of $ to the
Reserve Fund.
Petition of the Selectmen.
I~ is recommended that the Town vote
to REJECT the article.
It is recommended that the Town vote
to ADOPT the article.
No recommendaflon.
It is recommended that the Town vote
to ADOPT the article.
It is recommended that the Town vote
to ADOPT the article.
It is recommended that the Town vote to
raise and appropriate the sum of $35,000.
for the purpose of the article.
ARTICLE 91. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropri-
ate such sum as this meeting may determine, to the stabilization fund, as
provided by Section 5B of Chapter 40 of the General Laws.
Petition of the Assessors.
ARTICLE 92. To see if the Town will vote to take the sum of
from available funds to reduce the tax rate.
Petition of the Assessors,
And you are directed to serve this warrant by posting true and
attested copies thereof, at the Town Office Building and at five or more
public places in each voting precinct of the Town. Said copies to be posted
not more than seven days before the time of ho]ding said meeting.
Hereof, fail not, and make due return of this warrant with your
doings thereon to the Town Clerk at the time and place of said meeting.
Given under our hands at North Andover, Massachusetts, the 26th
day of January in the year of Our Lord one thousand nine hundred and
seventy.
William B. Dully, Jr.
William A. Finnerun
Arthur P. Kirk
Booed o[ Selectmen.
A True Copy:
ATTE ST:
CONSTABLE.
North Andover, Massachusetts.
January 12, 19"/0
It is recommended that the Town vote
to REJECT the article.
{t is recommended that the town vote
to transfer from available funds the sum
of $ for the purpose of the article.
25
APPENDIX TO WARRANT FOR THE 1970 ANNUAL TOWN MEETING
SECTION
e
PROPOSED NORTH ANDOVER BUILDING BY-LAW
(Article 31 of Warrant)
~GENEEAL PB~VISIONS
This By-Law shall be known as the North Andover Building By-Law. Its
intent is to provide for the safety and welfare of the inhabitants of
the Town insofar as they are dependent upon building construction.
No structure, building, or part thereof, shall hereafter be built, con-
structed, razed, altered, added to, or changed in type of use or occupaucy
except in conformity with this By-Law.
The Laws of the Co~nonwealth of Massachusetts, including the Board of
Standards Building Code affecting buildings or structures, excluding
permissive legislation relating thereto not accepted by the Town of North
Andover, shall be as fully complied with as though herein written. The
Board of Standards Building Code, hereinafter referred to as the "State
Co~", shall apply in all situations not covered or referred to in this
By-Law.
No provisions of the Zoning By-Law pertaining to use, location or con-
struction of buildings shall be nullified by the provisions of this By-Law.
BUILDINGS AFFECTED:
The following shall he excepted from the provisions of this By-Law:
(a) Buildings belonging to the United States of America or to the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
(b) Bridges, quays, and wharves.
(c) Buildings not more than eight feet in length or breadth or
seven feet in height measured to the extremities.
(d)
Temporary structures erected for storage or offices during
construction operations, providing such structures shall be
removed at completion of operations.
(e) Ordinary repairs.
The Chief of Police, upon application of the Building Inspector, shall
cause complaint to be made before the proper court for any violation of
any provision of this By-Law. The Selectmen, or the Building In _specter,
may institute proceedings to enforce this By-Law and to enjoin the erection,
alteration, continuance or occupation of any structure in violation of the
provisions of this By-Law.
10.
No person shall continue work after the Inspector has notified him in
writing that the work must be suspended, or has posted the structure with
"Stop Work Orders", now shall such notices be removed without the per-
mission of the Inspector. Whoever violates or continues to violate this
By-Law after having been notified of such violation shall be punished by
a fine not in ex. ess of $100. Each week during which such viol'ation is
continued shall be deemed to be a separate offense.
The imposition of the penalties herein prescribed shall not preclude
the Selectmen from instituting an appropriate action or proceedi~ to
prevent an unlawful erection, construction, reconstruction, alteration,
repair, conversion, maintenance or use, or to restrain, correct or abate
a violation, or to prevent the occupancy of a structure or portion thereof:
or of the premises, or to prevent an illegal act, conduct, business or use
in or about any pr~m4ees.
BUILDING APPEALS COMMITTEE:
There shall be a perm~uent comm~ttee composed of five members, appointed by
the Selectmen, one of whom sh~ll be the Building Inspector, which shall be
known as the Building Appeals Committee. The Building Inspector may submit
to said co~mdttee any application for building permits which incorporate
new methods or new materials to be used in construction. Any pearson ag-
grieved by act or decision of the Building Inspector may appeal t~berefrom
within ten days by filing an application for a hearing with the Bnflding
Appeals Committee. Yn varying the application of any provision of this
By-Law, or in modifying an order of the Building Inspector, affirmative
votes of three members shall be required; the Building Inspector not having
voting power. The ruling of the Building Appeals Committee upon any such
application shall be final and binding upon the applicant and the B~lding
Inspector.
REPEAL OF CONFLICTING LAWS:
When this By-Law becomes effective, it shall repeal all prior inconsistent
building By-Laws of the To~n.
VALIDITY:
The invalidity of any section or provision of this By-Law shall not in-
validate any other section or provision thereof.
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
The Selectmen shall annually in April, appoint a Building Inspector, who
shall hold office for the term of one year or ~til such time as his
successor is appointed.
15.
The Selectmen shall have the power to discharge the Inspector for
failure to perform his duties, and to fill any vacancy in the office.
The Tnspector or his authorized agent shall have the charge and control of
the enforcement of the regulations relative to building in the Town. His
salary or compensation shall he such as the Town may from time to time
determine. He may, with the approval of the Selectmen, employ such assist-
ance, expert or otherwise, as may he necessary for the performance of the
duties of his office.
The Inspector shall administer the B~ding Department and enforce this
By-Law, keeping a record of the business of the Department, making all
returns reqttired by law, render an annual report to the Selectmen and
such other reports as they me~y request. He shall issue all permits and
e~w~-e all buildings for which he has issued permits. He shall e~m~ne
all buildings or structures reported to be insecure, dangerous, or dAm-ged
by fire. He shall order the suspension of any work being done in violation
of this By-Law.
The Building Inspector shall not be personally liable while acting for the
Town, and he is hereby relieved from all personal liability for any de_mege
that may accrue to persons or property as a result of any act required or
permitted in the discharge of his official duties.
For purposes of inspection and examination~ the Inspector shall have the
right of entry at any reasonable hour and upon proper identification.
16.
18.
19.
APPLICATIONS AND PERMITS
Before erecting, altering, moving, razing, adding to or making any change
in use or type of occupancy of any building or structure, the owner shall
file an application for a permit with the Building Department, along w~th
plans and specifications as required by the B~,~lding Inspector. No ex-
cavating or other work shall begin until a permit is granted.
The Inspector shall examine all applications for permits, plans, specifica-
tions and other data submitted in order to determine if a permit shall be
issued. He shall req,,¢~e that all wot _k~nship and all building materials
sb~ll he of good quality and that types and methods of construction shall
be in accordance with generally accepted standards of engineering practice
and not inconsistent with law.
Each applicant for a building permit must submit a plan of his lot, to-
gether with an application, showing the location, dimensions, estimated
cost, nature and extent of the proposed work or chan~es, purpose for which
the building is to be used and such other information as the Inspector shall
require. The lot must he staked with visible and adequate bounds in accord-
ance with the plan submitted.
The Inspector may require such ch_-nges in plans and specifications as will
bring them in conformity w~th this By-Law. One copy of the submitted plans,
rrroperly stamped with the Inspector's approval, shall be returned with the
permit and kept on the site, available for reference.
20.
21.
22.
24.
25.
SPECIAL PERMIT:
Nothing in the By-Law shall prevent the Inspector from issuing a special
permit for a part of the work while the application is being eEa~_ed. No
work shall be done eEcept in accordance with the permit.
TIME LIMITATION:
Permits shall be issued within thirty days after receipt of the application,
providing the requirements of this By-Law and the Zoming By-Law are
complied with. Permtts shall become void one year after date of issue
unless construction thereunder shall have been commenced, or after the
operations thereunder are discontinued for a period of more than one year.
A new permit must be obtained before any further work is started.
PERMIT FEES:
Based upon estimated costs of construction, the permit fees shall be as
follows:
Up to ~1,000 ........
$i,000 to 6,9q9 ......
Over $7,000 ........
...... . $ 3.o0
· . 10.00
on estimated cost
Residential estimated costs shall be based on $15.00 per square foot.
INSPECTION:
No wall or ceiling of any structure shall be lathed or otherwise covered
until the Inspector has been notified that the structure is ready for such
work, and until he has given written consent therefor. The Inspector shall
act on such notice within 48 hours of its receipt.
OCCUPANCY PERMIT:
No building of any type s~mll be occupied until all requirements of this
By-Law and the "State CoSe" are m~t and a certificate of Occupancy is
issued by the Building Inspector.
DEFINITIONS
ADDITION: An extension or increase in floor area or height of a building
or structure.
ALTERATION: Any change in the arrangement of a bt~ilding or structure or
any work affectinq~ the structural parts thereof, not constituting a repair.
APARTMENT: One or more rooms designed for, or occupied as, a residence by
one family.
APARTMENT HOUSE: A building designed for, or occupied as, a residence by
more than two families.
-5-
APPROVED: Unless otherwise provided, this refers to approval bythe
Inspector.
ATTIC: The space between the top of uppermost floor construction and the
under side of roof construction.
BASEMENT: The portion of a building that is partly underground, but which
has more than half its height measured from finished floor to ceiling above
the average finished grade of adjoining ground.
BEARING WALL: A wall supporting any load other than its own weight.
BUILDING: A structure having a roof supported by coluzms or walls for the
shelter, support, or enclosure of persons, animals or property.
CELLAR: Lowermost portion of a building partly or totally underground
having more than half of its height below the average grade of the adjoining
ground.
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY: The Department of Public Safety of the Common-
wealth of Massachusetts and Board of Standards Building Code.
DIVISION WALL: A masonry bearing wall extending between external or party
walls, and sub-dividing a building into parts.
ENGINEERING STANDARD: A specification, code, r~le, guide, practice or pro-
cedure generally accepted in the field of construction, based upon engineer-
ing practice, capable of verification by objective scientific tests and
widely recognimed and accepted as authoritative.
FIRE DOOR, AUTOMATIC: A fire door equipped with a fusible link so as to
close by the action of fire.
FIRE PARTITION: A wall or partition which sub-divides a building so as to
restrict the spread of fire, or to provide an area of refuge.
FIRST STORY: The first story wholly above adjacent ground.
FOOTING: That part of a masonry foundation resting directly on the ground.
FOUNDATION: A ~ or pier which is below ground and supports other parts
of a building.
HALF STORY: A story directly under a sloping roof in which the point of
intersection of the bottom of the rafters and the face of the wa~s is less
than five feet.
INCOMBUSTIBLE: Material which will not support combustion.
MILL CONSTRUCTION: That type of construction having masonry walls and
heavy timber, interior construction with no concealed spaces.
NON-BEARING WST~.: A wall or partition carrying no load other than its own
weight.
PARTITION WALL: A non-bearing wall.
PARTY WALL: A masonry wall used or built to be used in common by two or
more buildings.
PLOT PLAN: A plan showing measurements and boundaries of an individual lot.
REINFORCED CONCRETE: An approved m~xture of Portland Cement, water and fine
and coarse aggregate, reinforced by steel.
REPAIR: The reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing b,,~lding
for the purpose of restoration.
SPAN OF BEAM: The distance from center to center of its supports.
STORY: That portion of a building above the basement or cellar which is
between one floor level and the next higher floor level.
STRUCTURE: Means a combination of materials to form a construction that is
safe and stable; including, among others, buildings, stadi;,ms, tents, re-
viewing stands, platforms, staging, observation towers, radio towers, water
tanks, towers, private and public swimming pools, trestles, piers and wharves,
sheds, shelters, fences and ws~ls, and display signs; the term structure sh~l
be construed as if followed by the words "or part thereof".
VENEER: A facing of brick, stone, concrete, tile, glass or other material
attached to a wall for the purpose of providing orn_~.m~ntation or protection
and not providing support.
26.
REQUIRED AREAS
a. No building shall hereafter he erected, altered or used for habitation
with a ground area of less than 600 square feet.
b. In every dwelling hereafter erected there shall be in each apartment at
least one room cm~taining not less than one hundred and fifty square feet of
floor area, and every other room except kitchenettes, water closet compart-
ments and bath rooms, shall contain not less than ninety square feet of floor
area and for rooms where people are e~ployed there shall be at least twenty-
five square feet of floor area for each person.
27.
LIGHT AND VENTILATION
a. In every apartment house, dwelling or place where people are employed,
hereafter erected, every room sh~ll have at least one window opening directly
upon the street or upon the yard, or court, except that kitchenettes, pantries,
toilets, and bathrooms may have such windows opening upon a light well or may
be ventilated by fans, ducts, or ventilated skylights with the approval of
the Building Inspector. All windows shall be of such size and so located as
to properly light all parts of such rooms. No light well shell be less than
three feet in its least dimension nor less in area than twelve square feet
for one story, and must be increased six square feet in area for each additional
story, and the walls of such light well shall be constructed ~ non-co~ustible
material.
b. ROC~ BELOW GRAEE: No room which has less than one-half (~) of its height
above the finished grade shall be occupied as a habitable room. The provisions
of this section shall not be construed to prohibit play, recreation or similar
rooms below grade.
c. ATTIC SPACES: Ail attic spaces and unoccupied spaces betweem roofs and top
floor ceilings shall be ventilated by not less than two (2) opposite louvres
or vents with a total clear area of opening not less than one-third (1/3) of
one percent (1%) of the horizontally projected roof area.
d. CRAWL SPACES: Access spaces under grade floor construction and wherever
wood, gypsum, metal or other floor construction subject to corrosion or
de~A-ioration is installed above the ground without basements shall be provided
not less than eighteen (18) inches in depth. Such spaces shall be vented with
screened openings having a clear area of not less than one-third (1/3) of one
per cent (1%) of the enclosed building area or shall be provided with other
equivalent means of artificial ventilation. The screens shall be corrosion-
resistive and rodent proof.
WINDOW SIZE
In all rooms used for residence purposes hereafter erected, the total window
area in each room, including toilets and bathrooms, except where mechanically
ventilated as prescribed by law, shall be at least one-tenth of the floor
area of the room with not less than one-half of the required glass area avail-
able for unobstructed ventilation.
29.
ROOF STRUCTURES
No structure shall be erected or placed on any building above the highest
level permitted for tho roof, except over stairs, tanks, elevators, elevator
machinery, cooling towers and the like.
PA~FATS
The average height of any parapet on a roof shall be not more than four feet
above the hi~hest level permitted for the roof, and the m~ximum height of the
parapet above the roof shall not exceed six feet at any point.
~K~...IGHTS, PROJECTIONS and SIGN~
a. All skylight overshafts extending mere than one story on roofs of structure
other than dwelling houses shall be metal and wire glass, and shall not be at
any point higher than six feet above the highest level permitted for tho roof
except with special approval.
b. B~vs. Balconies,.. Perches, Cornices ~d Other Project~.~: No parts of a
structure shall project over any street, square, or public ~ay.
c. Gutter leaders and conductors shall not project more than seven inches.
d. Signs and marquees shall be allowed, if the materials and methods of
construction are approved by the Building Inspector. Refer to Sign By-Laws.
32.
ROOF WATER
No roof shall be so constructed as to discharge water, ice or snow upon a
public way or adjoining property.
EXIT REQUIREMENTS
a. Every building and structure and part thereof hereafter erected shall
have adequate exit ways providing safe and continuous means of egress to a
street or to an open space with direct access to a street as herein pro-
vided. The owner or lessee of every existing building and structure shall
he responsible for the safety of all persons in or occupying such premises
with respect to the maintenance and adequacy of means of egress therefrom.
b. ONE FAMILY DWELLINGS: In dwellings, the exit stairway shall be not less
than three ~3) feet in width w~th continuous walls, guards or handrails
projecting not more than three and one-half (3-1/2) inches into the stair
width.
c. MULTI-FAMILY DWELLINGS: Every dwelling house hereafter erected or altered
shall have two separate stairways leading from each apartment to the ground,
access to these stairways being at two points as far apart as possible.
d. HEADROOM: The minimum headroom in all parts of the stairway and its
enclosure shall be not less than six and two-thirds C6-2/3) feet measured
vertically.
e. ACCESS TO FLAT ROOFS: Every building of two stories or more and having
a flat roof shall have permanent access to the roof, from the inside of the
building, through an opening at least two feet by three feet, with fixed
stepladder or stair. Such opening shall have direct access from a public
corridor or a stair hall and shall not be equipped with a lock.
34.
FOOTINGS AND FOUNDATIONS
FOUNDATIONS: The foundations of all structures for dwellings shall be walls
and/or piers of masonry. Ail other wooden structures not more than two stories
in height, may be built wholly or in part upon piers or posts of masonry or
iron. The foundations of all structures must rest on solid ground or leveled
surfaces of solid rock, or on piles, concrete, or other solid substance. Such
foundations, other than solid rock, shall extend not less than three feet below
the adjacent surface of the ground.
Sundecks, porches and steps shall have suitable foundations of stone,
brick, iron or concrete, ~,~lt on undisturbed soil, not less than three feet
six inches below, and extending not less than three inches above the finished
grade.
Excavations for stone foundations shall bo made at least six inches
beyond the outside of foundation walls and shall not he backfilled until
inspected.
Foundation walls of stone shall be at least sixteen inches thick.
Foundation walls of concrete sh~ll be poured with forms upon both
sides and shall be well compacted into space. For dwellings, the thickness
of the foundation walls sbsl~l be at least ten inches, but garages and porches
may have concrete walls eight inches in thickness. The concrete shall be
mixed in such p~oportien of Portland cement, clean sharp sand and broke~ stone
or well-screened gravel as shall, when set after a period of 28 days, have a
minimum compressive strength of 2,500 pounds per square inch.
Foundation walls of concrete block or brick shall be at least twelve
inches thick for two-story buildings and at least twelve inches thick below
grade and eight inches thick above grade for those of one story.
No concrete or other masonry work sh~ll be erected during free,lng
temperatures unless adequate precautions are taken.
Foundations shall not be "trench poured" except for non-residential
structures.
FOOTINGS: Ail foundation walls and piers for dwellings shall have concrete
footings at least eight inches in depth and projecting at least four inches
beyond the wall or pier on each side. Concrete shall have a minimum com-
pressive .strength of 2,500 lbs. per square inch. Footings for structures
other than d~ellings shall be constructed from designs and mixBs appropriate
to the weight to be imposed and as approved by the Building Inspector.
Satisfactory bearing materials for foundations and footings shall
include ledge rock on its natural bed; natural deposits of coarse or medium
sand, gravel or dry clay, or a combination of such m~.terials provided they do
not overlie an appreciable amount of peat, organic silt, moist or wet clay or
other objectionable materials. Test borings of the soil may be required by
the Building Inspector if he considers it necessary.
35.
BRICK STRUCTURE.S, BOND
All brick walls shall be built with proper bond and all intersections
of walls shall be thoroughly bonded together with brick or tied together with
approved metal ties, as often as every eighth course.
M~SONRY VE~ERS
Masonry veneer shall consdst of brick, stone, concrete, or other
approved material. Masonry veneer shall be at least four inches thick
when used as a facing for wood frame construction, and shall not be per-
mitred above two stories exceot for gables. Such veneer shall rest directly
upon a foundation wall or upon reinforced concrete or other approved masonry.
It shall be secured to the wall at intervals of not more than sixteen inches
vertically, and twenty-four inches horizontally, and combined with a weather-
proof lining. All metal ties or clamps used for securing masonry veneer or
ashlar shall be substantial and of an approved noncorrodible metal.
37.
P~RTY WALLS OF BRICK STRUCTURES OTHER THAN DWELLING HOU.S~..~
a. Party walls and all nartition walls of brick, in all structures other
than dwelling houses wit~ external walls not exceeding forty feet in height,
shall not be less than sixteen inches to the top of the second floor, and
not less than twelve inches thick for the remaining height, and, in buildings
having external walls exceeding forty feet in height, said walls shall be not
less than twenty inches thick to the top of the third floor, and not less than
twelve inches thick for the remaining height.
b. No opening or doorway shall be cut through or formed in a party partition
wall of any structure without a permit from the B,,tlding Inspector, and every
such doorway shall be provided with approved automatic or self-closing fire
doors on both sides of the wall.
No building, to be used as a dwelling, shall hereinafter be erected,
and ho existing building shall be altered or added to for such purpose,
thereby giving it a frontage of more than fifty feet, without one or more
partition walls of masonry, extending from the bottom of the cellar or from
a foundation wall to the under side of the roof-boarding, which shall be laid
and be imbedded in mortar upon said wall. Such walls shall not be more than
fifty feet apart throt~hout the length of the building. No existing building
having a frontage of more than fifty feet shall be converted for use as a
dwelling-house without at least one partition wall, constructed as described
in this section. Provided, however, that any single dwelling-house used for
one family may be extended more than fifty feet in one direction Without
such partition wall.
FIRE STOPPING
Fire stoppings shall be designed and installed to close all concealed
draft openings and to form effective fire barriers against the spread of
fire in all subdivisions of any one story and between all stories of the
building; and all open spaces in the structural frame, and all other openings
that would permit the free travel of flame shall be effectively fire stopped.
Such fire stopping shall be constructed of formed steel of not less than
No. 20 U.S. gage or other approved incombustible materials effectively secure~
in place~ except that in open spaces of wood-frame construction, firestops of
two (2) thicknesses of one (1) inch lumber with broken lap Joints or of two
(2) inch 1,~,ber instal/ed with tight Joints shell be permitted.
a. WOOD STUD WALLS: Ail wood stud walls and partitions shall be firestopped
for the full depth of floor and roof fr,m~g at each floor level and betwee~
the ceiling of the top story and the roof space.
b. F~RRED SPACES: Ail furred spaces ~ frame w,1]s and studded-off pieces
of masonry walls shall be firestopped at m-xtmum intervals of eight (8)
feet both horimontally and vertic-]~y.
c. SLIDING DOORS~ ~nere sliding doors are pocketed in partitions, such
pockets shall be completely firestopped on all sides.
d. STAIRWAYS: Firestopping shall be provided between stair stringers at
least once in the middle portion of each run and at the top and bottom amd
between studs of frame construction along and in line with the run of the
stairs.
e. PIPES AND DUCTS: The space around pipes, ducts or power shafting in
floor or partition construction which is penetrated by such equ/p~nt shell
be firestopped by filling with incombustible materials or by close-fitting
metal collars at ceiling and floor line and at both sides of the partition;
or such openings shall be otherwise protected to prevent the passage of
flame, hot gases and smoke.
f. ATTACHED PRIVATE GARAGES: Ail private garages located beneath or
attached to a dwelling shall have the com-~n walls end ceiling constructed
of m-terials having not less than a one hour fire resistance, including
exit ways through such walls. Where a common wall exists, fire resistive
materials must be carried to the roof line. The Junction of garage wall
and breezeway roof sb, l~ be properly fire stopped.
g. BAS~ENT RECREATION ROOMS: In other than one f-m~ly dwellings, the
basements of which are used as playrooms or for other recreational purposes
with an occupancy load of twelve (12) or more, such areas and the stairway
shall be enclosed with partitions and ceiling of not less than one-half (1/2)
hour fire-resistive construction w~th direct access to the main street exit.
A direct secondary exit from the basement to street, yard or court leading
to the street shall be accepted in lieu of the requirement for an enclosed
stairway.
INSPECTION
No firestopping sb-ll be concealed or covered until it has been inspected
and approved by the Building Inspector.
CHIMNEYS, FLUES AND FIREPLACER
With the adoption of this Code, it will be necessary for any person to
obtain a permit before starting the construction of a chimney or fireplace.
A. MASONRY CHIMNEYS AND FIP~PLACES:
No chtmn_ ey shall be corbelled from a wall more than the thickness of the
wall, nor be hung from a wall less than twelve inches thick.
Every chimney shall rest on a proper footing of approved masonry.
Concrete footings shall be at least four inches wider than the c~w~_ ey ma all
sides, and shall be at least eight inches thick.
Ail chimneys shall be built of brick or other solid masonry ,~terial,
laid up in the best ~me or cement mortar.
All masonry ch1~eys shall have terra cotta flue lining or fire brick
extending from the lowest thimble or smoke chamber to the top of the chlm~ey.
The ends of lining pipes shall be made to fit close together; the Joints
shall be filled with mortar; and the lining shall be built in as the flue or
flues are carried up. Ail flue lining is to be supported by masonry.
Each flue shall vent only one heater or appliance unless otherwism
allowed by the Building Inspector.
Every chimney shall be topped out or capped with brick, terra cotta,
stone, iron or cement. Every chimaey shall extend at least two feet above
the highest point at which it comes in contact with a roof of the building and
at least two feet higher than any roof surface witht~ twelve feet in a hori-
sontal line, except chimneys on flat roofs shall extend four feet above the
roof st~ace.
No woodwork shall be within one inch of any chimsey.
If any chimney, flue, or heating apparatus shall, in the opinion of the
Inspector, be unsafe, he shall at once notify in writing the owner who, upon
receiving said notice, shall make the same safe to the satisfaction of the
Inspector.
The jsmbs and backs of all fireplaces shall be of masonry~ not less than
eight inches thick (including both the rough and finished work) if of brick,
and not less than twelve inches, if wholly or partly of stone.
Brickwork or stonework over fireplaces or similar openings shall be
supported by steel lintels or by brick or stone arches.
Ail portions of chimneys or fireplaces so constructed as to receive a
lateral thrust, not taken care of by iron members thoroughly anchored to the
masonry, shall be at least eight inches thick.
No fireplace flue shell be less than 8" x 12", and in all cases the area
of the flue shall be at least 1/10 the area of the fireplace opening.
The interior of all fireplace t~oats shall be thoroughly covered with
a coat of cement mortar, carried up to a solid connection with the flue
lining, and every rake in the chimney shall be Dlastered with a good thick
coat of cement mortar on both the outside and the inside.
Ail hearths shall be laid on masonry tri~er arches, or on a reinforced
concrete slab eight inches thick and shall extend at least eight inches bsyond
each side of the finished fireplace opening. They shall have a uniform width
of at least twelve inches in front of the finished Jambs and fireplace.
Every fireplace chimney shall extend a minimum height of twelve feet
above the d-~per.
In every chimney having more than one flue there shall be a minimum of
three inches of masonry between flues.
The eatire firebox and throat of every fireplace shall be constructed of
hard clay or fire brick to the flue lining.
B. METAL CHI34NEYS:
Prefabricated metal chimneys will be permitted provided they are of a
type approved by the National Fire Underwriters Laboratory and the local Fire
Department.
WOOD FRAME ..CONSTRUCTION
Exterior walls and interior partitions of wood frame structures which
are constructed of either balloon, braced or platform types shall consist of
sills, posts, girts and r~.bbon strips to develop the required strength and
rigidity in compliance with the requirements of this Section and as specified
in Tables 12 and 13 of the State Building Code. The frame shall be braced at
all angles or adequately sheathed, and the floor, attic and roof framing of
wood Joists, beams and rafters sh~ll he secured by nailing as specified in
the NaiLing Schedule; or by any other approved connecting devices of equal
strength. The exterior walls shall be designed and constructed to resist a
longitudinal, horizontal force of one hundred (100) pounds per lineal foot
acting along the upper edge with a msximum horizontal displacement of one-
eighth (1/8) inches.
GRADES AND SIZES: All lumber and t~mber used in load bearing members shall
he sound, free from rot and large or loose knots, and damaging diagonal or
spiral grain; and shall be at least eq,~,l in quality to the following
commercial stress grades; studs, posts, planks, beams, joists and rafters
1200 PSI m~a. stress; and girders and timbers 1500 PSI m~n. stress. Ail
timber si~es herein specified are nominal sizes.
MINIMUM LOAD REQUIREMENTS: All structures to be used for dwelling purooses
shall be designed to meet the following requirements for live loads:
-!4-
MINIMUM LOAD REQUIREMENTS (cont.)
1. Floors and low slope roofs having less than a 5 to 12 slope:
40 lbs. per square foot.
2. Limited attic storage (no space for future rooms): 20 lbs.
per square foot.
Roofs having a minimum slope of 5 to 12:
45.
a. Light roofing: 30 lbs. per sqtmre foot.
bo Heavy roofing: (weighing over 5 lbs. per square foot)
40 lbso per square foot.
FLOOR JOISTS: For ordinary conditions of use and live loads, the spans of
jois~ and beams shall be limited by the following table: This table will
also aoply to low slope roofs having less than a 5 to 12 slope.
Floor-Joists- Maximum Clear Spans
Size of Spacing of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
Joists joists species and grade of lumber used, refer to the coltmm below
(nominal) center $o with the correspondin~ value to determed, ~t,,~ safe span
Ln inches center in = r
inches
~ 1000 1100 1200 1~00 14aO 1500
ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. inI
12 ~ 9 9 3 9 ~ 10 0 10 6 10 11 11 3
2 x 6 16 7 S 8 0 S 4 8 9 9 1 9 5 9 9
24 6 ~ 6 7 6 10 7 3 7 6 7 10 8 1
12 11 7 12 2 12 9 13 4 13 10 14 5 14 11
2 x S 16 10 1 10 8 11 2 11 8 12 2 12 7 13 0
24 ~ 3 8 9 9 2 9 6 9 /1 10 ~ 10 ~
12 14 ? lfi 4 16 1 ~6 10 17 6 18 2 1S 9
2 x 10 16 12 8 lB 4 14 0 14 8 15 3 15 10 16 5
24 10 5 LI 0 11 6 12 1 12 ? 13 1 13 6
12 17 6 18 5 19 4 20 2 21 0 21 10 22 7
2 x l2 16 15 3 16 2 16 11 17 8 18 5 19 1 19 9
24 12 7 13 4 13 11 14 7 15 2 15 9 16 3
12 20 4 21 5 22 6 2~ 6 24 6 25 4 26 3
~ x14 ~6 17 lO 18 9 19 8 ~0 7 2! 5 ~2 3 23 0
. 24 14 8 15 6 ,16 ~ 17 0 17 8 18 4 19 0
46. CEILING JOISTS: Limited attic storage (no space for future rooms)
Ceiling Joists - Maximum Clear Spans
Si~e of Spacing of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
joists Joists species and grade of limber used, refer to the col,,mn~ below
(nominal) center to with ~the corre~pondinM value to dete~ ine maximum safe, span.
in inches center in
inc he s
ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. i~. ft. i~. ft. in.' ft. in.
12 8 1 8 7 9 0 9 5 9 8 10 1 10 6
2x4 16 7 1 7 5 7 9 8 1 8 6 8 9 9 1
24 5 9 6 2 6 5 6 8 7 0 7 2 7 6
~2 12 5 13 1 13 9 14 4 15 O 15 6 16 0
2 x 6 16 10 10 11 5 12 0 12 7 13 1 13 7 14 1
24 9 0 9 5 9 10 10 4 10 9 11 2 11 7
]2 16 5 17 4 18 1 18 10 19 8 20 5 21 1
2 x 8 16 14 5 15 2 15 10 16 7 17 4 17 10 18 7
24 11 10 12 6 13 1 13 8 14 4 llL 9 15 4
1~ 20 6 21 7 22 7 23 8 24 7 25 6 26 6
2 X 10 16 18 4 19 4 20 2 21 1 21 10 22 8 2,3 6
24 15 0 15 9 16 6 17 2 18 0 18 8 19 4
~ 24 6 25 9 27 1 28 4 29 5 30 0 30 0
2 X 12 16 21 7 22 9 23 10 25 0 26 0 27 0 27 10
24 18 0 19 0 19 10 20 9 21 7 22 5 23 2
47.
RAFTERS: Allowable spans for roof rafters with a minimum slope of 5 to 12.
Rafter leng%hs to be measured along the slope of the rafter from plate to ridge.
Rafter Lengths - Light Roofing
S~e of ~paclng of Determine fibre stress in poUnds per square inch for the
afters rafters species and grade of lumber used, refer to the coI,~mn below
nom~_v~l) center to _ ,. with the corresoondin~ value to determine maximum safe a~n.
n inches center in
inches
i~. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. f%. in. ft. in. f~. in.
12 15 1 15 10 16 ~ 17 5 1~ 1 18 9 19 6
2 x 6 16 13 2 14 0 14 8 15 4 15 10 16 6 17 1
24 11 o 11 7 12 2 12 8 13 2 13 8 14 2
12 19 8 20 9 21 9 22 9 23 8 24 7 25 ~
2 x S 16 17 5 18 5 19 4 20 1 20 10 21 8 22i16
24 14 6 15 4 16 0 16 $ 17 5 18 0 18
12 24 6 25 10 27 1 2 ~ 4 29 6 30 0 30
2 x 10 16 21 9 22 10 24 O 25 1 26 1 27 1 28
~ 24 18 2 19 1 20 1 21 0 21 9 ~P 7 23
Rafter L_en~ths - Heavy, Rooftn~
~mze of ~pacin~ of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
rafters rafters specdes and grade of lumber used, refer to the columal below
in(n°minal)inchescenterCenter iht° _ with the corres~)nd~n~ valuI to deter~ L~, m~,,,m safe s.r~!~, _
inches
900 t0OO 11OO 1200 1200 ,. ~/.~ 1500
ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. f~- in. ft. in.
12 11 g 12 4 12 11 13 6 14 O 14 6 15
2 x 6 16 10 2 10 9 11 3 LI 9 12 3 12 9 13
24 8 4 8 10 9 3 9 8 10 1 10 6 10
12 15 5 16 3 17 O 17 10 18 6 19 2 19
2 x 8 16 13 6 1~ 3 15 0 15 7 16 3 16 10
24 II 2 11 9 12 ~ 12 10 13 4 13 10 14
12 19 4 20 4 21 4 22 3 23 3 24 1 24
2 x 10 16 ~? 0 17 11 18 9 19 7 20 5 21 2 21
24 14 0 ~, 10 15 6 16 3 16 ll 17 6 18
Collar ties for rafters not over sixteen feet long must be one inch by
six inches and for rafters over sixteen feet long must be two inches by six
inches; in both cases collar ties must be provided for at least alternate
rafters.
Roof Trusses: All calculations, design, and data for design of roof trusses
shall be submdtted to the Building Inspector for approval.
48.
BRi~GING: In all floor, attic and flat roof Joist framing, there shall be not
less than one line of bridging for each eiEht (8) feet of span, and the bridging
shall be of not less than one by thee (1 x 3) inch lumber, double-nailed at
each end. A line of bridging shall also be required to support where adequate
lateral stiffness is not otherwise provided.
CUTTING AND NOTCHING: In girders~ beams or joists, cuts and bore holes shell
not be deeper than one-fifth (1/51 the beam or girder depth or more th-- two
(2) inches in di,w~-ter; and shall not be located nearer to the end of the
span than three (~) times the beam depth nor within the center third of the
span, unless reinforced to meet stress calculations. In st~s of hearing wails
or partitions, notches m~de to receive piping or duct work or for other fab-
rication ourposes shall be cut not more than one-third (1/3) the depth of
stud or the required studs shall be doubled or otherwise reinforced.
50.
CONNECTIONS AND F~STENINGS: Ail structural members shall be connected and
fastened at their junction with connectors, bolts, lag screws, spikes, nails,
straps or other approved devices; in accordance with the recommended nailing
schedule.
51. LINTEL P~QUIREMENTS:
Spans less than four (4) feet .......... Two 2 x 4
Spans four (4) feet to six (6) feet . Two 2 x 6
Spans six (6)feet to eight (8)feet i i i i ! i T~e2x8
Spans eight (8) feet to ten (10) feet Tw~ 2 x 10
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
TYPES OF SHEATHING: Except when approved stucco construction is used with
a wrapping of No. 15 gage wire attached horizontally on the studs at six
(6) inch intervals, the sheathing of all exterior frame walls shall consist
of one of the following materials or any other approved material of equal
strength and durability approved by the Building Inspector:
1 - inch reinforced cement mortar
1 - inch wood sheathing
1/2 - inch plywood
3/4 - inch fibre boards
TYPES OF ROOF DECKING: Roof deck sheathing shall consist of not less th~n
one (1) inch boards or approved plywood of the thickness specified herein
or other approved materials of equivalent strength and rigidity. If open
deck sheathing is used on pitched roofs, it shall consist of not less than
one by four (1 x 4) inch roofers spaced not more than six (6) inches on
centers.
THICKNESS OF PLYWOOD REQUIRED: Framing members 16"-0.0. A. Subflooring/~ndto 12:5 roof decking for roofs having less than a slope of
· '5 Plyscord with exterior glue.
B. Wall sheathing: 1/2" Plyscord with exterior glue.
C. Roof sheathing: (For roofs having a minimum slope of 5 to 12)
1/2" Plyscord with exterior glue.
Ail plywoods used must have five layers, and ~,et be stamped by the
manufacturer certifying that the product meets the requirements of the
D.F.P.A.
FRAMING OF OPENINGS: Ail windows and door openings shall have double studs
for the full height of the opening at jambs, with double headers or trussed
construction over the opening as provided in Section 51.
EXTERIOR WEATHERBOARDING AND VENEERS: Ail exterior wall coverings shall be
of approved moisture and weather-resisting msterials of sufficient stiffness
and properly attached to resist rain and wind.
TYPES OF WEATHER W~T.~, COVERINGS: The followi~ materials shall be accepte~
as approved weather coverings of the nominal thickness specified:
Stucco or Exterior Plaster
Wood Siding
Protected Combustible Siding
Wood Shingles
Exterior Plywood
Asbestos Shingles
Asbestos Cement Boards
3/4 inches
5/8 inches
inches
3/8 inches
5/16 ~ches
inches
Z,/8 nches
58.
59.
60.
61.
Brick Masonry Veneers
Stone Veneers
Vitreous Tile
Aluminum Clapboard Siding
Preformed Metal Siding
Wood Clapboards
4 inches
2 inches
2 inches
0.030 inches
26 gage
1/2 inches
JOINTS IN GIRDERS: The Joints of solid or built-up be~ or girders shall
be made over col,~ or pier supports when constructed as simple spans.
When constructed of multiple Joists as continuous girders, the Joints shall
be brok. en..in adjoining Joists; and all Joints shall be located between one-
sixth (1/6) and one-quarter (1/4) the span length from supports and shall
be securely nailed or otherwise bolted together in an approved manner.
SPACING OF BEAMS: Be~ and joists shall be spaced not more than twenty-
four (24) inches on centers for one inch floor or roof sheathing except for
approved, integrated assemblies; and for heavier planking the spacing shall
be not more than thirty-two (32) times the thickness of the planking, center
to center of be~m supports; except that when reinforced with finish flooring
the span of sub-floor planking shall not exceed forty-eight (48) times the
thickness of the planks.
HEADERS AND TRIMMERS: All headers more than four (4) feet in length and
their trimmers shall be doubled. Headers with four (4) or more tail be-m*
or six (6) feet or more in length shall be supported on approved metal joist
hangers. When nailing is permitted, the tail and header beams shall be
secured in accordance with the nailing schedule.
All tail beams or Joists which are twelve (12) feet or more in length
shall be hung in approved Joist or beam hangers. Ail trawler beam~_ supported
on walls or partitions of frame construction shall be spiked together.
WALLS, PARTITIONS AND POSTS: The load-bearing value of isolated posts or
struts shall be limited by Table 12 and of framed wails and partitions by
Table 13 of the State Building Code. Ail wood posts used in basements or
cellars shall have concrete bases which extend not less than three (3) inches
above the finished floor and hear directly on tl~ post footing. When flooring
of concrete or other approved impervious materials is not provided, the con-
crete base shall extend not less than six (6) ~nches above the finished floor°
MULTIPIE STORIES: When the frame is more than one story in height and studs
or posts are not continuous from sill to roof, the members shall be secured
together with approved clips, splices or other connections to insure con-
tinuity and a well-integrated structure. Sheet metal clamps, ties~ or clips
shall be formed of galvanized steel or other corrosion-resistive materials
equivalent to No. 2 U.S. gage for two (2) inch framing members and not less
than No. 18 U.S. gage in thickness for three (3) inch members. For four (4)
inch and larger members, col~ splices and beam and girder supports shall
be effected w~th approved post caps of metal for reinforced concrete or with
through-bolted corbel blocks or side bolsters.
4e
BRACING: All corner posts shall be the equivalent of not less t.h~.n three
(3) two by four (2 x 4) inch studs braced by not less than one (1) one by
four (1 x 4) inch diagonal brace cut into the studs or by equivalent
construction.
FRAMING OVER OPENING: Lintels over openings in bearing walls or parti-
tions of one and two family dwellings shall consist of double joists not
less than herein specified or trussed construction bearing on j~ck studs,
or other approved construction affording adequate strength: See Section 51.
65.
6e
67.
68.
PLATES AND RIBBON OR LEDGER BOARDS: Plates which are used in exterior
walls to support Joists or rafters shall be double, and the same width as
the supporting studs and each not less than two (25 inches thick. In non-
hearing partitions, at least one (1) top and bottom plate shall be oro-
vided of the same width as the studs. Ribbon or ledger boards which
support floor or roof joists shall be not less than one by four (1 x 4)
inches in sise and' shall be cut into the studs and n~led. Joists or
rafters supported on ribbon boards shall frame in adjacent to the studs
and shall be nailed thereto as required by the nailing schedule.
MULTIPLE JOISTS AND RAFTERS: Floor joists under partitions shall be doubled
or formed of built-up sections or may be replaced by a solid section of
adequate strength to support the load. Dormer windows and other openings
in roofs shall be framed with double rafters and headers. Valley rafters
on spas over twelve (/2) feet measured horizontally shall be doubled.
BEARING AND ANCHORAGE ON GIRDERS: Floor beams framing into girders shall
be anchored, tied or nailed to secure continuity. The ends of all beams
or Joists resting on girders shall bear not less than four (4) inches or
shall be supported in approved metal stirrups or on wood clips or ribbon
strips not less than two by three (2 x 5) inches in size. Beams or joists
framing from opposite sides shall either lap not less than six (6) inches
and shall be securely bolted or spiked together, or when framing end to end,
all joists, beams and girders shall be secured together by aporoved metal
ties, straps, or dogs.
FOUNDATION ANCHORAGE: Wall sills shall be anchored to foundation walls at
corners and at intermediate intervals of not more than eight (8) feet ~rith
one-half (1/2) inch bolts embedded in the masonry foundation to a depth of
not less than eight ($) inches.
WALL SHEATHING AND ROOF DECKING: Exterior walls shall be sheathed w~th ply-
wood or diagonal wood sheathing, or shall be otherwise braced with approved
equivalent construction to furnish rigidity as required in Section 42.
REQ~ O.MMENDED NAILING
B__uilding, Elemen~
Stud to Sole Plate
Stud to Cap Pl~te
Corner Studs
Sole Plate to Joist or Blocking
Double Cap Plate
Cao Plate Laps
Ribbon Strip--6,, or Less
Ribbon Strip--Over 6"
Roof Rafter to Plate
Roof Rafter to Ridge
Jack Rafter to Kip
Floor Joists to Studs
(No Ceiling Joists)
Floor Joists to Studs
(With Ceiling Joists)
F2oor Joists to Si~l or Girder
Ledger Strip
Ceiling Joists to Plate
Ceiling Joists to Alt. Rafters
Cei].ing Joist Laps (over partition)
Collar Beam
Bridging to Joists
Diagonal Brace (to Stud & Plate)
Tail Beams to Headers
(When Nailing Permitted)
Header Beams to Trimmers
IWhen Nailing Permitted)
(1") Sub-Flooring 6" or Less
(1") Sub-Flooring 8'
(2") Sub-Flooring
(1") Sheathing 8' or Less
(1") Sheathing over 8'
Plywood Sheathing
Plywood Sheathing
Roof Sheathing 6" or Less
Roof Sheathing Over 6"
Fiber Board or Gyp. Wall Sheathing
Fiber BoArd or Gyp. Wall Sheathing
Weather Boarding
Nail Type
C omm~-Toe Nail
Common-End Nail
Common-Direct
Common-Direct
C ommon-Direct
C ommon-Di~ect
C ommon-Direct
Common-Toe Nail
Common-Toe Nail
Common-Toe Nail
C ommon-Direct
Common-Direct
Common-Toe Nail
C ommon-Direct
Common-Toe Nail
C on, non-Dire ct
C ommon-Di re c t
Common-Direct
Common-Direct
C ommon-Dire c t
Common-End Nail
Common-End Nail
Common-Direct
Common-Direct
Common-Direct
Common-Direct
Co~on-Direct
Corrosion Resistive
Corrosion Resistive
Common-Direct
C ommon-Direct
Corrosion Resistive
Corrosion Resistive
Corrosion Resistive
Number and Distr~buti~
~--16D
2 --16D
16D. 30" 0.C.
20D 16" O.C.
16D 2~" O.C. 3--16D
2--lOD Each Bearing
3--100 Each Bearing
3--16D
2--16D
3--lOD
5--10~ or 3--16D
2--lOD
2--16D
3--2OD at Each Joist
2 ~16D
3~16D
3~16D
2~8D Each End
2--8D Each Bearing
1--20D Each 4 Sq. Ft. Floor
1---2OD Each 8 Sq. Ft. Floor
2--8D Each Joist
3--8D Each Joist
2---20D Each Joist
2~D Each Stud or Rafter
3---8D Each Stud or Rafter
6D 5" O.C. Exterior Edges
6D 8m O.C. Intermediate
2--8D Each Rafter
3---8~ Each Rafter
8D-6" O.C. Exterior Edges
8D-12" O.C. Intermediate
2-8D Each Bearing
ATTEND TOWN MEETING
DATE:
TIME:
PLACE:
Saturday, March 14, 1970
1:30 P.M.
Veterans Memorial Auditorium
North Andover High School
Please bring this copy of Advisory
Committee Report with you to
Town Meeting.
Retain for Future Reference
to the Building By-Law.
Advisory Committee Report
Town of North Andover
Massachusetts
U. S. POSTAGE
PAID
No. Andover, Mass.
Permit No. 191
NORTH ANDOVER,
MASSAC~S 01845
THE COMMONWEALTH Of MASSACHUSETTS
DEPARTMENT Of The ATTORNEY GENERAL
STATE HOUSE · BOSTON 02133
Mr. John J. ~,ons
Town Clerk
Town Building
North Andover, Massachusetts
May 12, 1970
01845
JOl. li~ j. L¥~970
Dear ~r. Lyons:
I enclose the amendments to general by-laws adopted
under Articles 28, 29 and 31 and the amendments to zoning~.
by-laws adopted under Articles 32 and 33 .of the warrant
for the annual adjourned town meeting held March 14, 1970
with '~.:he apDroval of the Attorney General endorsed thereon.
HFO'C:cav
Enc].os~lr~s
Very truly yours,
e
· TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER
.IottN J. LYON.~, Town Clerk
ELrCTION lO I,:P ,~ ttTMk'N T
27, 1970
1denotable Robert H. Ouinn
Attorney General of ?he Commonwealth
Sta~e ~ouse
Z~o sion,
Dear Sir:
TOW'N' BUILDIN-G
~,t our Annual Adjourned Town Eeeting held in the Veteran's Auditorium
of otu, North Andover High School on Saturday ~[arch 15, 1970 at 1:50
P.}[., the follou.'ing articles appea~ed in the War~ant:
,~RTICLF. }2. To see if the Town will vote to amend its Zoning by-Law,
in order ~o permit certain uses in Neighborhood Business Disvricts,
not no sgecifically ~ rmitted,by adding thereto the following new
section:
Section 4.24: Banking, insurance, professional and other
similar offices·
Petition of ~'rancis B. Kittredge and others.
Un,er t he aforesaid article it was VOTED to amend the Zoning By-Law
by adding thereto the following new section: Section L~.2h: Insurance
~rofessional and real estate offices.
The vote: AF~.'i~N'&~TI\'~ k99. NEGATIVE 188. a two-third majority.
'ARTICLE ~5. To see if the Town will vote to amend Section 9.2 of its
Zonin~ By-Law by striking therefrom the word "certified", so that
notices of hearings may ce sent to interested parties by regular first
class mail, postage prepaid, as provided by statu~e, unless the Board
of appeals vo~es to send notices by certified mail in particular cases.
Petlton of the Board of Appeals.
Under the aforesaid article it was voted to ADOPT the article.
The vote: AFFIR~t~TIVE 79~- ~RGATIVE [~5. A two-third majority.
Eleven hundred ninety-eight (ll9~) r.egis~ered voters were present.
, / Boston, Mass. May 12, 1970
The foregoing amendments to zoning by-laws
adopted under Articles 32 and 33 are approved
TOWN OF NORTH ANDOVER
,IOH'N ,Il. LYONS, Town Clerk
TOWN BUILDIN'O
NOI~TH ANDOV~I~. ~tAS8.
Honorable Robert H. ]u!nn
Attorney General of The Commonwealth
State House
,2. o st on, Mass.
Dear 2 ir:
March 27, 1970
,. EC:E 1VIE D,
/ FR 0
At our Annual Ad,cure,ed Town Heeting held in the Yeteran's Auditorium
of our North And over High SchooI on Saturday March 1~1, 1970 at
P.N., the following articles appeared in the warrant:
At~TICT~. 28. To see ~ ~1 ~he Town will vote to amend article TII of its
General ~y-Laws 0Y a~ing thereto the following new section:
Section lC. i~o snow or ice shall be deposited upon any portion of a
wsy open to ou",lic travel for the safe maintenance of which the Town
is responsible, except by Town employees acting in the proper perfor-
mance el' their duties. This provision shall not prohibit an occupant
or premises abutting upon such a way from clearing snow or ice from a
sidewalk in front of such premises, or from that part of any driveway
or other means of access from such lremises to the way, provided that
such clearing does not result in a narrowing of the travelled portion
of the way as defined by p~ior snm~ removal procedures performed by
Town Employees.
Petition o~' [~icholas F. N1cctta; Highway ~urveyor, Joweph W. Lawlor;
Chief of Police.
Under the afo','esald article it was VO'FED UANINOUSLY to ADOPT the
Attic le.
ARTIC~,F. 29. To see if the Town will vote to amend its General By--Laws
by striking out Sections I and 6 of Article III, and to renumoer the
remainin~ sections of said ;rticle Accordingly.
Fetition of the Town By-Law Committee.
Un:~er the aforesaid article it was VO~ED "R~A;':IMOUSLY to ADOPT the
Article:
(Art.3. Sec.1. The ~electmen shall annually during the mont~ c~ ~rch,
appoint at least five police o£ficers, and a Chief of Police. The
latter shall have general supervision and direction of the constables
and police officers of the Town. Our Polte Deut., Civil Service.
Art.3. Sec.O. ??o Derson shall pas:ute cattle or other animals either
with or without a kceper~ upon any of the streets or ways of the Town,
provided s.h~t ~his By-Law shall not affect the rights of an person to
the use cf the land within th limits of such street or way adjoining
his own premises.)
ARTICLE 51. To see if the Town will vote to adopt the Building By-Law
hereinafter set out in full in our Appendix to the Warrant for this
Meeting. Petition of the Buil~ing Code Committee.
Under the aforesaid Article it was VOTED UNANIMOUSLY to ADOPT the
Article: ',copy attached)
, TOWN OF NORTH-ANDOVER
,IOIIN J. LYI)NS, Town CJerk
TOWI~ BUILDII~G
I~OHTH AI~DOVER, ~S~.
Honorable.~o[, c.,,t ].~. 'uinno
~aroh 27, 1970
Eleven ~'.mfired ninety-eight (1195) duly registered voters were
present.
.~ true copy: ~.~oT. 1
CC Bld~.~ L~ws) ,/
Boston, Mass. May 12, 1970
The foregoing amendments to general by-laws adopted under
Articles 28, 29 and 31 are approved.
ARTICLE 84. To see if the Town will vote to raise and apprepri-
ate a sufficient sum of money, to be expended under the direction of the
Selectmen, for the purpose of fencing in the Town Yard for security
purposes.
Petition of the Selectmen.
ARTICLE 85. To see if the Town will vote to raise and apprepri-
ate the sum of $6,000, to be expended under the direction of the High-
way Surveyor, Superintendent of Public Works and Tree Warden for
the purpose of hot-topping the Town Yard from its point of beginning
on Main Street through the entire yard.
Petition of the Town Office Building Custodian.
ARTICLE 86. To see if the Tow~ will vote to raise and appre-
priate the sum of $2,000, to be expended under the direction of the
Selectmen, or such other Committees as they may vote to establish, and
~ be used with the fundz provided by the Town under Art/cie 23 of the
wart .ant for the 1969 Annual Town Meet/ng for the purpose of panelling
wa!ls, m.?allw, ays a,,nd in the stairwells, painting ceilings in hallways
ana m r~le stalrwens, washing all woodwork and painting with two
eoat~, washing all doors and applying one coat of Polyurithane, clean
and paint banisters in both of the stairwells, throughout the Town
Office Building.
Petition of the Town Offic~ Building Custodian.
ARTICLE 87. To ~ee if the Town w/ll vote to d/vide the present
Precinct Four voting precinct into two precincts, to be known as Precinct
Four and Precinct Five, as recommended by the Selectmen in a state-
ment to be filed with the Town Clerk at least seven days before the
date of this Meeting, pursuant to the provisions of Section 7 of Chapter
54 of the General Laws.
Petition of the Selectmen.
ARTICLE 88. To see if the Town will vote to rescind the authori-
zation to borrow in the sum of $6,000, which is the balance of the
$60,000 authorized under Article ~ of the Warrant for the Special Town
Meeting of March 18, 1967, for the purchase of highway equipment,
Petition of the Town Accountant,
ARTICLE 89. To see if the Town will vote to rescind the anthori-
zation to borrow in the sum of $47,000, which is the balance of the
$757,000 authorized under Article 19 of the Warrant for the 1967 An-
nual Town Meeting for the addition to the Franklin School.
Petition of the Town Accountant.
ARTICLE 90. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropriate
or transfer from the Overlay Reserve the sum of $ to the
Reserve Fund.
Petition of the Selectmen.
ARTICLE 91. To see if the Town will vote to raise and appropri-
ate such sum as this meeting may determine, to the stabilization fund, as
provided by Section 5B of Chapter 40 of the General Laws.
Petition of the Assessors.
ARTICLE 92. To see if the Town will vote to take the sum of
from available funds to reduce the tax rate.
Petition of the Assessors.
And you are directed to serve this warrant by posting true and
attested copies thereof, at the Town Office Building and at five or more
public places in each voting precinct of the Town. Said copies to be posted
not more than seven days before the time of holding said meeting.
Hereof, fail not, and make due return of this warrant with your
doings thereon to the Town Clerk at the t/me and place of said meeting.
Given under our hands at North Andover, Massachusetts, the 26th
day of January in the year of Our Lord one thousand nine hundred and
Will/am B. Dully, Jr.
William A. Finneran
Arthur P. Kirk
Booed of Select~n.
A True Copy:
ATTEST:
CONSTABLE.
lqorth Andover, Massachusetts.
January 12, 1970
25
It is recommended that the
to REJECT the article.
It is recommended that the
to ADOPT the article.
Mo recommendation.
it is recommended that the
to ADOPT the article.
It is 'recommended that the
to ADOPT the article.
vote
vote
vote
vote
It is recommended that the to
raise and appropriate the sum $35,4)00.
for the purpose of the article.
It is recommended that the
to REJECT the article.
vote
It is recommended that the vote
to transfer from available the sum
of $ for the purpose of article.
APPENDIX TO WARRANT FOR THE 1970 ANNUAL TOWN MEETING
SECTION
1.
e
PROPOSED NORTH ANDOVER BUILDING BY-LAW
(Article 31 of Warrant)
GENERAL PROVISIONS
This By-Law shall be known as the North Andover Building By-Law. Its
intent is to provide for the safety and welfare of the inhabitants of
the Town insofar as they are dependent upon building construction.
No structure, building, or part thereof, shall hereafter he built, con-
structed, razed, altered, added to, or changed in type of use or occupancy
except in conformity with this By-Law.
The Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, including the Board of
Standards Building Code affecting buildings or structures, excluding
permissive legislation relating thereto not aocepted by the Town of North
Andover, shall he as fully complied with as though herein written. The
Board of Standards Building Code, hereinafter referred to as the "State
Co~e", shall apply in all situations not covered or referred to in this
By-Law.
No provisions of the Zoning By-Law pertaining to use, location or con-
struction of buildings shall be nullified by the provisions of this By-Law.
BUILDINGS AFFECTED:
The following shall be excepted from the provisions of this By-Law:
(a) Buildings belonging to the United States of America or to the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
(b) Bridges, quays, and wharves.
(c) Buildings not more than eight feet in length or breadth or
se~n feet in height measured to the extremities.
Temporary structures erected for storage or offices during
construction operations, providing such structures shall he
removed at completion of operations.
(e) Ordinary repairs.
ENFORCEMENT:
The Chief of Police, upon application of the Building Inspector, shall
cause complaint to be made before the proper court for any violation of
amy provision of this By-Law. The Selectmen, or the Building Inspector,
may institute proceedings to enforce this By-Law and to enjoin the erection,
alteration, continuance or occupation of any structure in violation of the
provisions of this By-Law.
10.
PENALTY:
No person shall continue work after the Inspector has notified him in
writing that the work must be suspended, or has posted the stx,,~cture with
"Stop Work Orders", now shall such notices he removed without the per~
mission of the Inspector. Whoever violates or continues to violate this
By-Law after having been notified of such violation shall be puutshed by
a fine not in e~ess of $100. Each week during which such violation is
continued shall be deemed to be a separate offense.
The imposition of the penalties herein prescribed shall not preclude
the Selectmen from instituting an appropriate action or proceeding to
prevent an unlawful erection, construction, reconstruction, alteration,
repair, conversion, maintenance or use, or to restrain, correct or abate
a violation, or to prevent the occupancy of a structure or portion thereof:
or of the premises, or to prevent an illegal act, conduct, business or use
in or about any premises.
BUILDING APPEALS COMMITTEE:
There shall be a permanent committee composed of five members, appointed by
the Selectmen, one of whom shall be the Building Inspector, which shall be
known as the Building Appeals Committee. The Building Inspector may SUbmit
to said committee any application for building permits which incorporate '
new methods or new materials to be used in construction. Any person ag-
grieved by act or decision of the Building Inspector may appeal therefrom
within ten days by filing an application for a hearing with the Bn~lding
Appeals Committee. In varying the application of any provision of this
By-Law, or in modifying an order of the Building Inspector, affirmative
votes of three members shall be required; the Building Inspector not having
voting peter. The ruling of the Building Appeals Committee upon any such
application shell be final and binding upon the applicant and the Building
Inspector.
REPEAL OF CONFLICTING L~WS:
When this By-Law becomes effective, it shall repeal all prior inconsistent
building By-Laws of the To~n.
VALIDITY:
The invalidity of any section or provision of this By-Law shall not in-
validate any other section or provision thereof.
BUILDING DEPARTMENT
The Selectmen shall annually in April, appoint a Building Inspector, who
shall hold office for the term of one y~ar or until ~h time as his
successor is appointed.
15.
The Selectmen shall have the power to discharge the Inspector for
failure to perform his duties, and to fill any vacancy in the office.
The Ynspector or his authorized agent shall have the charge and control of
the enforcement of the regulations relative to ~,~ldi~ng in the Town. His
salary or ccmpensation shall be such as the Town may from time to time
determine. He may, with the approval of the Selectmen, employ such assist-
ance, expert or otherwise, as may be necessary for the performance of the
duties of his office.
The Inspector shall administer the Building Department and enforce this
By-Law, keeping a record of the business of the Department, making all
returns req~tired by law, render an annual report to the Selectmen and
such other reports as they ~.y request. He shall issue all permits and
examine all buildings for which he has issued permits. He shall ex-mine
all buildings or structures reported to be insecure, dangerous, or
by fire. He shall order the suspension of any work being done in violation
of this By-Law.
The Building Inspector shall not be pe. rsonally liable while acting for the
Town, and he is hereby relieved from all personal liability for any dsm_~_ge
that may accrue to persons or property as a result of any act required or
permitted in the discharge of his official duties.
For purposes of inspection and examination, the Inspector shall have the
right of entry at any reasonable hour and upon proper identification.
16.
17.
18.
19.
APPLICATIONS AND PERMITS
Before erecting, altering, moving, razing, adding to or making any change
in use or type of occupancy of any building or structure, the o~ner shall
file an application for a permit with the Building Department, along with
plans and specifications as required by the Building Inspector. No ex-
cavating or other work shall begin until a permit is granted.
The Inspector shall examine all applications for permits, plans, specifica-
tions and other data submitted in order to determine if a peL-mlt shall be
issued. He shall require that all workma_uship and all building materials
shall be of good quality and that types and methods of construction shall
be in accordance with generally accepted standards of engineering practice
and not inconsistent with law.
Each applicant for a building permit must submit a plan of his lot, to-
gether with an application, showing the location, dimensions, estimated
cost, nature and extent of the proposed work or changes, purpose for which
the building is to be used and such other information as the Inspector shall
require. The lot must be staked with visible and adequate bounds in accord-
ance with the plan submitted.
The Inspector may require such changes in plans and specifications as will
bring them in conformity w~th this By-Law. One copy of the submitted plans,
oroperly stamped with the Inspectorts approval, shall be returned with the.
permit and kept on the site, available for reference.
20.
21.
22.
24.
25.
SPECIAL PERMIT:
Nothing in the By-Law shall prevent the Inspector from iss,~ a special
permit for a part of the work while the application is being examined. No
work shall be done except in accordance with the permit.
TIME LIMTTATION:
Permits shall be issued within thirty days after receipt of the application,
providing the requirements of this By-Law and the Zoning By-Law are fully
complied with. Permits shall become void one year after date of issue
unless construction thereunder shall have been commenced, or after the
operations thereunder are discontinued for a period of more than one year.
A new permit must be obtained before any further work is started.
PERMIT FEES:
Based upon estimated costs of construction, the permit fees shall be as
follows:
Up to ~1,000 ........
$1,000 to 6,gqq ......
Over $7,000 ........
....... $ 3,00
. . . 10.00
i i ill 50 per thousand
on estimated cost
Residential estimated costs shall be based on $15.00 per square foot.
INSPECTION:
No wall or ceiling of any structure shall be lathed or otherwise covered
until the Inspector has been notified that the structure is ready for such
work, and until he has given written consent therefor. The Inspector shall
act on such notice within 48 hours of its receipt.
OCCUPANCY PERMIT
No building of amy type shall be occupied until all requirements of this
By-Law and the "State Code" are m~t and a Certificate of Occupancy is
issued by the Building Inspector.
ADDITION: An extension or increase in floor area or height of a building
or structure.
ALTERATION: Any change in the arrangement of a building or structure or
any work affecting the structural parts thereof, not constituting a repair.
APARTMENT: One or more rooms designed for, or occupied as, a residence by
one family.
APARTMENT HOUSE: A building designed for, or occupied as, a residence by
more than two families.
-5-
APPROVED: Unless otherwise provided, this refers to approval by the
Inspector.
ATTIC: The space between the top of uppermost floor construction and the
under side of roof construction.
EASEMENT: The portion of a building that is partly underground, but which
has more than half its height measured from finished floor to ceiling above
the average finished grade of adjoining ground.
BEARING WALL: A wall supporting any load other than its own weight.
BUILDING: A structure having a roof supported by col, m~ s or walls for the
shelter, support, or enclosure of persons, animals or property.
CELLAR: Lowermost portion of a building partly or totally underground
having more than half of its height below the average grade of the adjoining
ground.
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY: The Department of Public Safety of the Com~on-
wealth of Massachusetts and Board of Standards B,,~ 1 &t ng Code.
DIVISION WALL: A w~sonry bearing wall extending between external or party
walls, and sub-dividing a building into parts.
ENGI~EEP/NG STANDARD: A specification, code, rule, guide, practice or pro-
cedure generally accepted in the field of construction, based upon engineer-
ing practice, capable of verification by objective scientific tests and
~idely recognimed and accepted as authoritative.
FIRE DOOR, AUTOMATIC: A fire door equipped with a fusible link so as to
close by the action of fire.
FI~E PARTITION: A wall or partition which sub-divides a building so as to
restrict the spread of fire, or to provide an area of refuge.
FIRST STORY: The first story wholly above adjacent ground.
FOOTING: That part of a masonry foundation resting directly on the ground.
FOB~IDATION: A wa]] or pier which is below ground and supports other parts
of a building.
HALF STORY: A story directly under a sloping roof in which the point of
intersection of the bottom of the rafters and the. face of the walls is less
than five feet.
INCOMBUSTIBLE: Material which will not support combustion.
MILT. CONSTRUCTION: That type of construction having mesonry walls and
heavy timber, interior construction with no concealed spaces.
NON-RFARING W~LL: A wall or partition carrying no load other than its own
weight.
PARTITION WALL: A non-hearing wall.
PARTY WALL: A masonry wall used or built to be used in comz~n by two or
more buildings.
PLOT PLAN: A plan showing measurements and bou~aries of an individual lot.
REINFORCED CONCRETE: An approved mixture of Portland Cement, water and fine
and coarse aggregate, reinforced by steel.
REPAIR: The reconstruction or renewal of any part of an e~/sting ~,*lding
for the purpose of restoration.
SPAN OF BEAM: The distance from center to center of its supports.
STORY: That portion of a building above the basement or cellar which is
between one floor level and the next higher floor level.
STRUCTURE: Means a combination of materials to form a construction that is
safe and stable; including, ~ong others, buildings, stadiu~a~, tents, re-
viewing stands, platforms, staging, observation towers, radio towers, water
tanks, towers, private and public swimming pools, trestles, piers and wharves,
sheds, shelters, fences and w~lls, and display signs; the term structure sh.l~l
be construed as if followed by the words "or part thereof".
VENEER: A facing of brick, stone, concrete, tile, glass or other material
attached to a wall for the purpose of providing ornamentation or protection
and not providing support.
26.
REQUIRED AREAS
a. No building shall hereafter he erected, altered or used for habitation
with a ground area of less than 600 square feet.
b. In every dw~lling hereafter erected there shall be in each apartment at
least one room cmmtaining not less than one hundred and fifty square feet of
floor area, and every other room except kitchenettes, water closet compart-
ments and bath rooms, shall contain not less than ninety square feet of floor
area and for rooms where people are employed there shall be at least twenty-
five square feet of floor area for each person.
27.
LIGHT AND VENTILATION
a. In every apartment house, dwelling or place where people are employed,
hereafter erected, every room s~all have at least one window opening directly
upon the street or upon the yard, or court, except that kitchenettes, pantries,
toilets, and bathrooms may have such windows opening upon a light well or
be ventilated by fans, ducts, or ventilated skylights with the approval of
the Building Inspector. Ail ~Lndows shall be of such size and so located as
to properly light all parts of such rooms. No light well shall be less than
three feet in its least dimension nor less in area than twelve square feet
for one story, and must be increased six square feet in area for each additional
story, and the walls of such light well shall be constructed c~ non-combustible
material.
b. ROOMS BELOW GRADE: No room which has less than one-half (~) of its height
above the finished grade shall be occupied as a habitable room. The provisions
of this section shall not be construed to prohibit play, recreation or similar
rooms below grade.
c. ATTIC SPACES: All attic spaces and unoccupied spaces between roofs and top
floor ceilings shall be ventilated by not less than two (2) opposite louvres
or vents with a total clear area of opening not less than one-third (1/3) of
one percent (1%) of the horizontally projected roof area.
d. CRAWL SPACES: Access spaces under grade floor construction and wherever
wood, gypsum, metal or other floor construction subject to corrosion or
de~A-ioration is installed above the ground without basements shall be provided
not less than eighteen (18) inches in depth. Such spaces shall be vented with
screened o. penings having a clear area of not less than one-third (1/3) of one
per cent (1%) of the enclosed building area or shall be provided with other
equivalent means of artificial ventilation. The screens shall be corrosion-
resistive and rodent proof.
WINDOW SIZE
In all rooms used for residence purposes hereafter erected, the total window
area in each room, including toilets and bathrooms, except where mechanically
ventilated as prescribed by law, shall be at least one-tenth of the floor
area of the room with not less than one-h~lf of the required glass area avail-
able for unobstructed ventilation.
29.
ROOF STRUCTURES
No structure shall be erected or placed on any buildingabove the highest
level permitted for the roof, except over stairs, tanks, elevators, elevator
machinery, cooling towers and the like.
30.
PARAPETS
The average height of anyparapet on a roof shall be notmore than four feet
above the highest level permitted for the roof, and the maximum height of the
parapet above the roof shall not exceed six feet at any point.
31.
SKTLIGHTS~ PROJECTIONS and SIGNS
a. Ail skylight ovarshafts extending more than one story on roofs of structure
other than dwelling houses s~ll be metal and wire glass, and shall not be at
any point higher than six feet above the highest level permitted for the roof
e~ept with special approval.
b. Bays. Balconies, Porches, Cornices s~d Other .Projection?: No parts of a
structure shall project over any street, square, or public ~ay.
c. Gutter leaders and conductors shall not project more than seven inches.
d. Signs and marquees shall be allowed, if the materials and methods of
construction are approved by the Building Inspector. Refer to Sign By-Laws.
32.
ROOF WATER
No roof shsll be so constructed as to discharge water, ice or snow upon a
public way or adjoining property.
33.
EXIT REQUIREMENTS
a. Every building and structure and part thereof .hereafter erected shall
have adequate exit ways providing safe and continuous means of egress to a
street or to an open space with direct access to a street as herein pro-
vided. The owner or lessee of every existing building and structure shall
be responsible for the safety of all persons in or occupying such premises
with respect to the maintenance and adequacy of means of egress therefrom.
b. ONE FAMILY D~LLINGS: In dwellings, the exit stairway shall be not less
than three (3) feet in width with continuous walls, guards or handrails
projecting not more than three and one-half (3-1/2) inches into the stair
width.
c. MULTI-F~MILY DWELLINGS: Every dwelling house hereafter erected or altered
shall have two separate stairways leading from each apartment to the ground,
access to these stairways being at two points as far apart as possible.
d. HEADROOM: The minimum headroom in all parts of the stairway and its
enclosure shall be not less than s~x and two-thirds (6-2/3) feet measured
vertically.
e. ACCESS TO FLAT ROOFS: Every building of two stories or more and having
a flat roof shall have permanent access to the roof, from the inside of the
building, through an opening at least two feet by three feet, with fixed
stepladder or stair. Such opening shall have direct access from a public
corridor or a stair hall and shall not he equipped with a lock.
.34.
FOOTINGS AND FOUNDAT. IONS
FOUNDATIONS: The foundations of all structures for dwellings shall be walls
and/or piers of masonry. Ail other wooden structures not more than two stories
in height, may be built wholly or in part upon piers or posts of masonry or
iron. The foundations of all structures must rest on solid ground or leveled
surfaces of solid rock, or on piles, concrete, or other solid substance. Such
foundations, other than solid rock, shall extend not less than three feet below
the adjacent surface of the ground.
Sundecks, porches and steps shall have suitable foundations of stone,
brick, iron or concrete, built on undisturbed soil, not less than three feet
six inches below, and extending not less than three inches above the finished
grade.
Excavations for stone foundations shall be m-de at least six inches
beyond the outside of foundation walls amd shall not be backfilled until
inspected.
Foundation walls of stone shall be at least sixteen inches thick.
Foundation walls of concrete sh~ll be poured with forms upon both
sides and shall be well compacted into space. For dwellings, the thickness
of the foundation walls shall be at least ten inches, but garages and porches
may have concrete walls eight inches in thickness. The concrete shall be
mixed in such proportion of Portland cement, clean sharp sand and broken stone
or well-screoned gravel as shall, when set after a period of 28 days, have a
minimum compressive strength of 2,500 pounds per square inch.
Foundation wa~ls of concrete block or brick shall be at least twelve
inches thick for two-story buildings and at least twelve inches thick below
grade and eight inches thick above grade for those of one story.
No concrete or other masonry work sh~ll be erected during free~ing
temperatures unless adequate precautions are taken.
Foundations shall not be "trench poured" except for non-residential
structures.
FOOTINGS.' All foundation walls and piers for dwellings shall have concrete
footings at least eight inches in depth and projecting at least four inches
beyond the wall or pier on each side. Concrete shall have a minimum com-
pressive strength of 2,500 lbs. per square inch. Footings for structures
other than dwellings shall be constructed from designs and ~'x~s appropriate
to the weight to be imposed and as approved by the Building Inspector.
Satisfactory bearing materials for foundations and footings shall
include ledge rock on its natural bed; natural deposits of coarse or medium
sand, gravel or dry clay, or a combination of such materials provided they do
not overlie an appreciable amount of peat, organic silt, moist or wet clay or
other objectionable materials. Test borings of the soil may be required by
the Building Inspector if he considers it necessary.
35.
BRICK STRUCTURES, BOND
All brick walls shall be built with proper bond and all intersections
of walls shall be thoroughly bonded together with brick or tied together with
approved metal ties, as often as every eighth course.
36.
Masonry veneer shall consist of brick, stone, concrete, or other
approved material. Masonry veneer shall be at least four inches thick
when used as a facing for wood frame construction, and shall not be per-
mitted above two stories exceot for gables. Such veneer shall rest directly
upon a foundation wall or upon reinforced concrete or other approved masonry.
It shall be secured to the wall at intervals of not more than sixteen inches
vertically, and twenty-fottr inches horizontally, and combined with a weak, her-
proof lining. All metal ties or clamps used for securing masonry veneer or
ashlar shall be substantial and of an approved noncorrodible metal.
37.
PARTY W.~T,I',S OF BRICK STRUCTURES OTHER, THAN DWELLTNG HOUSES
a. Party walls and all partition walls of brick, in all structures other
than dwelling houses with external walls not exceeding forty feet in height,
shall not be less than sixteen inches to the top of the second floor, and
not less than twelve inches thick for the remaining height, and, in buildings
having external walls exceeding forty feet in height, said walls shall be not
less than twenty inches thick to the top of the third floor, and not less than
twelve inches thick for the remaining height.
b. No opening or doorway shall be cut through or formed in a party partition
wall of any structure without a permit from the Bntlding Inspector, and every
such doorway shall be provided with approved automatic or self-closing fire
doors on both sides of the wall.
38.
FIRE ~TJ.S
No building, to he used as a dwelling, shall hereinafter be erected,
and ho existing building shall be altered or added to for such purpose,
thereby giving it a frontage of more than fifty feet, without one or more
partition walls of masonry, extending from the bottom of the cellar or from
a foundation wall to the under side of the roof-boarding, which shall be laid
and be imbedded in mortar upon said wall. Such walls shall not be more than
fifty feet apart throughout the length of the building. No existing building
having a frontage of more than fifty feet shall be converted for use as a
dwelling-house without at least one partition wall, constructed as described
in this section. Provided, however, that any single dwelling-house used for
one f~ml ly may he extended more than fifty feet in one direction without
such partition wall.
39.
FIRE STOPPING
Fire stoppings shall be designed and installed to close all concealed
draft openings and to form effective fire barriers against the spread of
fire in all subdivisions of any one story and between all stories of the
building; and all open spaces in the structural frame, and all other openings
that would permit the free travel of flame shall be effectively fire stopped.
Such fire stopping shall be constructed of formed steel of not less t_h~
No. 20 U.S. gage or other approved incombustible materials effecti?~ly secured
in place~ except that in open spaces of wood-fr~-~ construction, firestops of
two (2) thicknesses of one (1) inch lumber with broken lap joints or of two
(2) inch lumber installed with tight joints sha]_l be permitted.
a. WOOD STUD WALLS.' All wood stud walls and partitions shall be firestopped
for the full depth of floor and roof fr~m~_~g at each floor level and between
the ceiling of the top story and the roof space.
b. FUP~ SPACES: Ail furred spaces c~ fr~me walls and studded-off pieces
of masonry walls shall be firestopped at m~mum intervals of eight (8)
feet both h~risontally and vertically.
c. SLIDING DOORS: ~here sliding doors are pocketed in partitions, such
pockets shall be completely fire stopped on all sides.
d. STAIRWAYS: Firestopping shall be provided between stair stringers at
least once in the ,~_ 4dle portion of each run and at the top and bottom and
betwee~ studs of fr~,e construction along and in line with the run of the
stairs.
e. PIPES AND DUCTS: The space around pipes, ducts or power shafting in
floor or partition construction which is penetrated by such equipment shall
be firestopped by filling with incombustible materials or by close-fitting
instal collars at ceiling and floor line and at both sides of the partition;
or such openings shall be otherwise protected to prevent the passage of
flame, hot gases and smoke.
f. ATTACHED PRIVATE GARAGES: Ail private garages located beneath or
attached to a dwellin~ shall have the co,...,~n walls and ceiling constructed
of materials having not less than a one hour fire resistance, including
exit ways through such walls. Where a common wail exists, fire resistive
materials must be carried to the roof line. The junction of garage wall
and breeseway roof ShAl~ be properly fire stopped.
g. BASEMENT RECREATION ROOMS: In other than one f~m~ly dwellings, the
basements of which are used as playrooms or for other recreational purposes
~rlth an occupancy load of twelve (12) or inure, such areas and the stairway
shall be enclosed with partitions and ceiling of not less than one-half (1/2)
hour fire-resistive construction with direct access to the main street exit.
A direct secondary exit from the basement to street, yard or court leading
to the street shall be accepted in lieu of the requirement for an enclosed
stairway.
INSPECTION
No firestopping shall be concealed or covered until it has been inspected
and approved by the Building Inspector.
CHIMNEYS,. FLUES AND FIREPLACEM
With the adoption of this Code, it will be necessary for any person to
obtain a permit before starting the construction of a chimney or fireplace.
A. MASONRY CHIMNEYS AND FIREPLACES:
No chimney shall be corbelled from a wall more than the thickness of the
wall, nor be hung from a wall less than twelve inches thick.
Every ch~m~ey shall rest on a proper footing of approved masonry.
Concrete footings shall be at least four inches wider than the chimney on all
sides, and shall be at least eight inches thick.
Ail chimneys shall be built of brick or other solid masonry material,
laid up in the best ~me or cement mortar.
Ail masonry chimneys shall have terra cotta flue lining or fire brick
extending from the lowest thimble or smoke cbmmber to the top of the cb~ey.
The ends of lining pipes shall be made to fit close together; the Joints
shall be filled with mortar; and the lining shall be built in as the flue or
flues are carried up. Ail flue lining is to be supported by masonry.
Each flue shall vent only one heater or appliance t~zless otherwise
allowed by the Building Inspector.
Every chimney shall be topped out or capped with brick, terra cotta,
stone, iron or cement. Every cb~mn_ey shall extend at least two feet above
the highest point at which it comes in contact with a roof of the building and
at least two feet higher than any roof surface within twelve feet in a hori-
zontal line, except chimneys on flat roofs shall extend four feet above the
roof surface.
No woodwork shall be within one inch of any chimney.
If any chimney, flue, or heating apparatus sh~]l, in the op~on of the
Inspector, be unsafe, he shall at once notify in writing the owner who, upon
receiving said notice, shall make the same safe to the satisfaction of the
Inspector.
The jsmbs and backs of all fireplaces shall be of masonry~ not less than
eight inches thick (including both the rough smd finished work) if of brick,
and not less than twelve inches, if wholly or partly of stone.
Brickwork or stonework over fireplaces or similar openings shall be
supported by steel lintels or by brick or stone arches.
Ail portions of chimeys or fireplaces so constructed as to receive a
lateral thrust, not taken care of by iron members thoroughly anchored to the
masonry, shall be at least eight inches thick.
No fireplace flue shall be less than 8" x 12", and in all cases the area
of the flue shall be at least 1/10 the area of the fireplace opening.
The interior of all fireplace throats shall be thoroughly covered with
a coat of cement mortar, carried up to a solid connection with the flue
lining, and every rake in the chimney shall be plastered with a good thick
coat of cement mortar on both the outside and the inside.
Ail hearths shall be laid on masonry tr~,w~r arches, or on a reinforced
concrete slab eight inches thick and shall extend at least eight inches beyond
each side of the finished fireplace opeming. They shall have a uniform width
of at least twelv~ inches in front of the finished jambs and fireplace.
Every fireplace chimney shall extend a minimum height of twelve feet
above the damper.
In every ch~mmey having mare than one flue there shall be a m~imum of
three inches of masonry between flues.
The e~tire firebox and throat of every fireplace shall he constructed of
herd clay or fire brick to the flue lining.
B. METAL CHIMNEYS:
Prefabricated metal cb~mseys will be permitted provided they are of a
type approved by the National Fire Underwriters Laboratory and the local Fire
Depa _rt~e_~_~nt.
43.
WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTIQN
Exterior walls and interior partitions of wood frs_,~ structures which
are constructed of either balloon, braced or platform types shall consist of
sills, posts, girts and r~bbon strips to develop the required strength and
rigidity in compliance with the requirements of this Section and as specified
in Tables 12 and 13 of the State Building Code. The frame shall he braced at
all angles or adequately sheathed, and the floor, attic and roof fr~Bg of
wood Joists, beams and rafters shall be secured by nailing as specified in
the Nailing Schedule; or by any other approved connecting devices of equal
strength. The exterior walls shall he designed and constructed to resist a
longitudinal, horizontal force of one hundred (1OO) pounds per lineal foot
acting along the upper edge with a maximum horizontal displacement of one-
eighth (1/8) inches.
GRADES AND SI2~S: Ail lumber and timber used in load bearing members shall
he sound, free from rot and large or loose knots, and damaging diagonal or
spiral grains and shall be at least eq,,~l in quality to the following
commercial stress grades; studs, posts, planks, beams, Joists and rafters
1200 PSI min. stress; and girders and timbers 1500 PSI min. stress. All
timber sizes herein specified are nominal sizes.
4e
MINIMDM LOAD REQUIREMENTS: All structures to he used for dwelling pu~ooses
shall he designed to meet the following requirements for live loads:
-!4-
MINIMUM LOAD REQUIREMENTS (cont.)
1. Floors and low slope roofs having less than a 5 to 12 slope:
40 lbs. per square foot.
2. Limited attic storage (no space for future rooms): 20 lbs.
per square foot.
Roofs having a minimum slope of 5 to /2:
a. Light roofing:
b. Heavy roofing:
30 lbs. per square foot.
~weighing over 5 lbs. per square foot)
40 lbso per square foot.
45.
FLOOR JOISTS: For ordinary conditions of use and live loads, the spans of
jois~and beams shall be limited by the following table: This table will
also aDply to low slope roofs having less than a 5 to /2 slope.
Floor-Jois%s- Maximum Clear Spans
Size of Spacing of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
joists jeists species and grade of lumber used, refer to the column below
~nommnal) center $o ~ith the corresponding value to determtn~ m,~.,,, safe span.
~n inches center in
inches
.9.,oo lOOO ll0O l O0 1400 l 00
ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in~ ft. in. ft. in.
12 8 9 9 3 9 8 10 0 10 6 10 11 11 3
2 x6 16 7 8 8 0 8 4 8 9 9 1 9 5 9 9
P4 6 3 6 7 6 lO 7 3 7 6 ? 10 8 1
/2 11 ? 12 2 12 9 13 4 13 10 14 5 14 11
2 x 8 16 10 1 10 8 11 2 II 8 12 2 12 7 13 0
24 8 3 8 9 9 2 9 6 9 II 10 4 10 8
12 14 7 15 4 16 1 16 10 17 6 18 2 18 9
2 x 10 16 12 8 13 4 ~/.~ 0 14 8 15 3 15 10 16 5
L° 17 6 18 5 19 4 20 2 21 0 21 10 22
2 x 12 16 15 3 16 2 16 11 17 S 18 5 19 1 19 9
24 ]2 7 13 4 13 11 14 ? 15 2 15 9 16 3
12 20 4 21 5 22 6 23 6 24 6 25 4 26 3
2 x 14 16 17 10 18 9 19 8 20 7 21 5 22 3 23 0
24 14 ~ ~ 15 6 16 3 17 0 17 8 18 4 19 0
46. CEILING JOISTS: L~mtted attic storage (no space for future rooms)
C_eilin~ Joists - ~mum Clear Spans
Size of Spacing of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
Joists Joists species and grade of lumber used, refer to the column below
(nominal) center to _ with .the corre$..pondinE value to deten ine maximum saf~ so~n.
in inches center in
inches
~0 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500.
ft. in~ ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in
1~ 8 1 8 7 9 0 9 5 9 8 10 1 10 6
2x4 16 7 1 7 5 7 9 8 1 8 6 8 9 9 1
24 5 9 6 2 6 5 6 8 7 0 7 2 7 6
1~ 12 5 13 1 13 9 14 4 15 0 15 6 16 0
2 x 6 16 10 10 11 5 /2 0 /2 7 13 1 13 7 14 1
24 9 0 9 5 9 10 10 4 10 9 11 2 11 7
12 16 5 17 4 18 1 18 10 19 8 20 5 21 1
2 x 8 16 14 5 15 2 15 10 16 7 17 4 17 10 18 7
~ 20 6 21 7 22 7 23 8 24 7 25 6 26 ~
2 x 10 16 18 4 19 4 20 2 21 1 21 10 22 8 25 6
2~ 15 0 15 9 16 6 17 2 18 0 18 8 19 4
~2 24 6 25 9 27 1 28 4 29 5 30 0 30 0
2 x 12 16 21 7 22 9 23 10 25 0 26 0 27 0 27 10
24 18 0 19 0 19 10 20 9 21 '; 22 5 23 2
4';.
RAFTERS.' Allowable spans for roof rafters with a minimum slope of 5 to 12.
Rafter leng%hs to be measured along the slope of the rafter from plate to ridge.
Rafter Lengths - Light Roofing
Size of ~paclng of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
~fters rafters species and grade of lumber used, refer to the column below
nominal) center to with the corre ~ondin~ value to determ~e maximum safe
n inches center in
inches
.gDO. 1000 1100 /200 .1~00 1400 1500
f%. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in. ft. in.
12 15 1 15 10 16 8 17 5 18 1 18 9 19 6
2 x 6 16 13 2 14 0 14 8 15 4 15 10 16 6 17
24 ll o 11 ? /2 2 /2 8 13 2 13 8 14 2
12 19 8 20 9 21 9 22 9 23 8 24 7 25 6
24 14 6 15 4 16 0 16 8 17 5 18 0 18
12 24 6 25 10 27 1 28 4 29 6 30 0 30
2 x 10 16 21 9 22 10 24 0 25 1 26 1 27 1 28
24 1~ 2 1~ 1 i 20 1 21 0 21 9 22 7 23
Rafter Lengths - Heavy Roof~nm
size of Spacin~. of Determine fibre stress in pounds per square inch for the
rafters rafters species and grade of lumber used, refer to the colnmn below
in(n°minal)inchescenterCenter int° with the correspond~n~ .valu1 to determLne. . m-~--~m safe soal), _
inches
ooo noo l OO l: OO,
2 x 6 16 10 2 10 9 11 3 II 9 12 3 12 9 13 ;
24 8 ~ 8 10 9 3 9 8 10 1 10 6 10 ~ (
12 15 5 16 3 17 0 17 10 18 6 19 2 19
2 x 8 16 13 6 1l 3 15 0 15 7 16 3 16 10 27
24 11 2 11 9 /2 4 ]2 10 13 4 13 10 14
~2 19 4 20 4 21 4 22 3 23 3 24 1 24
2 x 10 16 17 0 17 11 18 9 19 7 20 5 21 2 21
24 14 0 14 10 15 6 16 3 16 /1 17 6 18
48.
49.
50.
51.
Collar ties for rafters not over sixteen feet long must be one inch by
six inches and for rafters over sixteen feet long must be two inches by six
inches; in both cases collar ties must be provided for at least alternate
rafters.
Roof Trusses: Ail calculations, des~.gn, and data for design of roof trusses
shall be submitted to the Building Inspector for approval.
BRIDGING: In all floor, attic and flat roof joist framing, there shall be not
less than one line of bridging for each eiEht (8) feet of span, and the bridging
shall be of not less than one by three (1 X 3) inch lumber, double-nailed at
each end. A line of bridging shall also be required to support where adequate
lateral stiffness is not otherwise provided.
CUTTING AND NOTCHING: In girders beams or joists, cuts and bore holes shell
not be deeper than one-fifth (1/51 the beam or girder depth or more than two
(2) inches in diameter; and shall not be located nearer to'tbe end of the
span than three (~) times the beam depth nor within the center third of the
span, unless reinforced to meet stress calculations. In studs of bearing walls
or partitions, notches made to receive piping or duct work or for other fab-
rication Durposes shall be cut not more than one-third (1/3) the depth of the
stud or the required studs shall be doubled or otherwise reinforced.
CONNECTIONS AND F~STENINGS: All structural members shall be connected and
fastened at their junction with connectors, bolts, lag screws, spikes, nails,
straps or other approved devices; in accordance with the recommended nailing
schedule.
LINTEL REQUIREMENTS:
Spans less than four (4) feet .......... Two 2 x 4
Spans four (4) feet to six (6) feet ....... Two 2 x 6
Spans six (6) feet to eight (8) feet ...... Two 2 x 8
Spans eight (8) feet to ten (10) feet ...... Two 2 x 10
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
TYPES OF SHEATHING: Except when approved stucco construction is used with
a ~rapping of No. 18 gage wire attached horizontally on the studs at six
C6) inch intemls, the sheathing of all exterior fr~m~ walls shall consist
of one of the following materials or any other approved material of equal
strength and durability approved by the Building Inspector:
1 - inch reinforced cement mortar
1 - inch wood sheathing
1/2 - inch plywood
3/4 - inch f~bre boards
TYPES OF ROOF DECKING: Roof deck sheathing shall consist of not less tha~
one (1) inch boards or approved plywood of the thickness specified herein
or other approved materials of equivalent strength and rigidity. If open
deck sheathing is used on pitched roofs, it shall consist of not less than
one by four (1 x 4) inch roofers spaced not more than six (6) inches on
centers.
THICKNESS OF PLYWOOD REQUIRED: Framing members 16"-0.C. A. Subflooring and roof decking for roofs having less than a slope of
5 to 12: 5/8' Plyscord with exterior glue.
B. Wall sheathing: 1/2" Plyscord with exterior glue.
C. Roof sheathing: (For roofs having a minimum slope of 5 to 12)
1/2" Plyscord with exterior glue.
All plywoods used must have five layers, and must be stamped by the
manufacturer certifying that the product meets the requirements of the
D.F.P.A.
FRAMING OF OPENINGS: All windows and door openings shall have double studs
for the full height of the opening at jambs, with double headers or trussed
construction over the opening as provided in Section 51.
EXTERIOR WEATHERBOARDING AND VENEERS: Ail exterior w-~! coverings shall be
of approved moisture and weather.resisting materials of sufficient stiffness
and properly attached to resist rain and wind.
TYPES OF WEATHER W~,LL COVERINGS: The following materials shall be accepted
as approved weather coverings of the nominal thickness specified:
Stucco or Exterior Plaster
Wood Siding
Protected Combustible Siding
Wood Shingles
Exterior Plywood
Asbestos Shingles
Asbestos Cement Boards
53%4 inches
8 inches
1/2 inches
3/8 inches
5/16 inches
5/~ inches
1/8 inches
59.
60.
61.
Brick Masonry Veneers
Stone Veneers
Vitreous Tile
Alnm~_num Clapboard Siding
Preformed Metal Siding
Wood Clapboards
4 inches
2 inches
2 inches
O. 030 inches
26 gage
1/2 inches
JOINTS IN GIRDERS: The Joints of solid or built-up be~m- or girders shall
be made over colunm or pier supports when constructed as simple spans.
~hen constructed of multiple Joists as continuous girders, the Joints shall
be brok. en in adjoining joists.; and all Joints shall be located between one-
sixth (1/6) and one-quarter (1/4) the span length from supports and shall
be securely nailed or otherwise bolted together in an approved manner.
SPACING OF BEAMS: Beams and Joists shall he spaced not more than twenty-
four (24) inches on centers for one inch floor or roof sheathing except for
approved, integrated assemblies~ and for heavier planking the spacing shall
be not more than thirty-two (32) t~mes the thickness of the planking, center
to center of beam supports; except that when reinforced with finish flooring
the span of sub-floor planking shall not ex~eed forty-eight (48) times the
thickness of the planks.
HEADERS AND TRIMMERS: Ail headers more than four (4) feet in length and
their trdm~ers shall be doubled. Headers with four (4) or more tail beams
or six (6) feet or more in length shall be supported on approved metal joist
hangers. When nailing is permitted, the tail and header beams shall be
secured in accordance with the nailing schedule.
Ail tail beams or Joists which are twelve (12) feet or more in l~ngth
shall be hung in approved joist or beam hangers. Ail trimmer beams supported
on walls or partitions of frame construction shall be spiked together.
WALLS, PARTITIONS AND POSTS: The load-bearing value of isolated posts or
struts shall be l~ted by Table 12 and of framed walls and partitions by
Table 13 of the State Building Code. All wood posts used in basements or
cellars shall have concrete bases which extend not less than three (3) inches
above the finished floor and bear directly on the post footing. When flooring
of concrete or other approved impervious materials is not provided, the con-
crete base shall extend not less than six (6) ~nches above the finished floor°
MULTIPLE STORIES: When the frame is more than one story in height and studs
or posts are not continuous from sill to roof, the members shall he secured
together with approved clips, splices or other connections to insure con-
tinuity and a well-integrated structure. Sheet metal clamps, ties, or clips
shall be formed of galvanized steel or other corrosien-resistive mate2ials
equivalent to No. 2 U.S. gage for two (2) inch framing members and not less
than No. 18 U.S. gage in thickness for three (3) inch members. For four (4)
inch and larger members, column splices and beam and girder supports shall
be effected w~th approved post caps of metal for reinforced concrete or wi. th
through-bolted corbel blocks or side bolsters.
63.
4e
BRACING: All corner posts shall be the equivalent of not less than three
(3) two by four (2 x 4) inch studs braced by not less than one (1) one by
four (1 x 4) inch diagonal brace cut into the studs or by equivalent
construction.
FRAMING OVER OPENING: Lintels over openings in bearing w-lls or parti-
tions of one and two family dwellings shall consist of double joists not
less than herein specified or trussed construction bearing on j~ek studs,
or other approved construction affording adequate strength: See Section 51.
65.
6.
67.
68.
9e
PLATES AND RIBBON OR LEDGER BOARDS: Plates which are used in exterior
walls to support joists or rafters shall be double, and the same width as
the supporting studs and each not less than two (2~ inches thick. Tn non-
bearing partitions, at least one (1) top and bottom plate shall be oro-
vided of the same width as the studs. Ribbon or ledger boards which
support floor or roof joists shall he not less than one by four (1 x 4)
inches in si~e and shall be cut into the studs an8 n~led. Joists or
rafters supported on ribbon boards shall frame in adjacent to the studs
and shall be nailed thereto as required by the nailing schedule.
MULTIPLE JOISTS AND RAFTERS: Floor joists under partitions shall be doubled
or formed of built-up sections or may be replaced by a solid section of
adequate strength to support the load. Dormer windows and other openings
in roofs shall be framed with double rafters and headers. Valley rafters
on .spans over twelve (12) feet measured horizontally shall be doubled.
BEARING AND ANCHORAGE ON GIRDERS: Floor beams framing into girders shall
be anchored, tied or nailed to secure continuity. The ends of all beams
or Joists resting on girders shell bear not less than four (4) inches or
shah be supported in approved metal sti~-~ps or on wood clips or ribbon
strips not less than two by three (2 x 3) inches in size. Beams or joists
framing from opposite sides shall either lap not less than six (6) inches
and shall be securely bolted or spiked together, or when framing end to end,
all joists, beams and girders shall be secured together by aporoved metal
ties, straps, or dogs.
FOUNDATION ANCHORAGE: Wall sills shall be anchored to foundation walls at
corners and at intermediate intervals of not more than eight (8) feet with
one-half (1/2) inch bolts embedded in the m~sonry foundation to a depth of
not less than e~ght (~) inches.
WALL SHEATHING AND ROOF DECKING: Exterior walls shall be sheathed w~th ply-
wood or d~agonal wood sheathing, or shall be otherwise braced with approved
equivalent construction to furnish r~gidity as required in Section ~2.
Buildin~ Element
RECOMMENDED NAILING SCHEDULE
Stud to Sole Plate
Stud to Cap Flate
Corner Studs
Sole Plate to Joist or Blocking
Double Cap Plate
Cao Plate Laps
Ribbon Strip~-6" or Less
Ribbon Strip--Over ~,
Roof Rafter to Plate
Roof Rafter to Ridge
Jack Rafter to ~p
Floor Joists to Studs
(No Ceiling Joists)
Floor Joists to Studs
(With Ceiling Joists)
Floor Joists to Sill or Girder
Ledger Strip
Ceiling Joists to Plate
Ceiling Joists to Alt. Rafters
Ceiling Joist Laps (over partition)
Collar Beam
Bridging to Joists
Diagonal Brace (to Stud &Plate)
Tail Beams to Headers
(When NailingPermitted)
Header Beams to Trdmmers
(When Nailing Permitted)
(~') Sub-Flooring 6" or Less
(1") Sub-Flooring 8'
(2") Sub-Flooring
(1") Sheathing 8' or Less
(1") Sheathing over 8"
Plywood Sheathing
Plywood Sheathing
Roof Sheathing ~' or Less
Roof Sheathing Over 6"
Fiber Board or Gyp. Wall Sheathing
Fiber Board or Gyp. Wall Sheathing
Weather Boarding
Common-Toe Nail
C o~non-End Nail
C ommon-Direct
C o~m~on
C ommon-Direct
C ommon-Direct
C ommon-Direet
C ommon-Di rec t
Common-Toe Nail
Common-Toe Nail
Common-Toe Nail
Co~on-Direct
Common-Direct
Common-Toe Nail
C ommon-Direct
Common-Toe Nail
C om~on-Direct
C o~snon-Direct
Common-Direct
Common-Direct
C ommon~Direct
Common-End Nail
Common-End Nail
C ommon-Direct
Common-Direct
Common-Direct
C ommon-Direct
C ommon-Dire ct
Corrosion Resistive
Corrosion Resistive
C c~on-Direct
C ommon.Direct
Corrosion Resistive
Corrosion Resistive
Corrosion Resistive
Number and Distributio~
2 16D
16D. 3~' 0. C.
20D 16" 0.C.
~--16D
2--10D Each Bearing
3~lOD Each Bearing
3--16D
2 --1~
3--lOD
5--1OD or 3--16D
2--lOD
2--16D
3--20D at Each Joist
2--16D
3--16D
3--16D
4--lOD
2~8D Each End
2--8D Each Bearing
1--~OD Each 4 Sq. Ft. Floor
1--20D Each 8 Sq. Ft. Floor
2--8D Each Joist
3--8D Each Joist
2--2C~ Each Joist
2--8~ Each Stud or Rafter
~ Each Stud or Rafter
6D 5" O.C. Exterior Edges
6D 8' O.C. Intermediate
2--8D Each Rafter
3--~D Each Rafter
8D-6" O.C. Exterior Edges
8D-12" O.C. Intermediate
2-SD Each Bearing
ATTEND TOWN MEETING
DATE:
TIME:
PLACE:
Saturday, March 14, 1970
I:30P.M.
Veterans Memorial Auditorium
North Andover High School
Please bring this copy of Advisory
Committee Report with you to
Town Meeting.
Retain for Future Reference
to the Building By-Law.
Advisory Committee Report
Town of North Andover
Massachusetts
U. S. POSTAGE
PAID
No. Andover, Mass.
Permit No. 191
NORTH ANDOVER, MASSACHUSETTS 01845
July 7, 1970
I, John ~. Lyo~s, ?own Clerk of the T~w~ of ~orth Andover,
Massachusetts, certify that:
1. The Tc~n has not adopted a hume ~ule charter and there have
be~ no amendments to special laws ~elating to the Town made
by use of home Fule procedure s.
2. The amendments of or a~itic~s to the by-laws of the Town as
printed in the 1957 Annual report, except for the addition of
Section 6 through 10 of Article I, and the amendment to Article
I, SectXon 2 of the by laws passed march 1~. 196~ a~e as
follows:
VOTED unde~ Article 28 of our 1970 Annual Town Meeting to
amend APticle III of its ~enex~l By-Laws by addin~ thereto the
following new section: Bectlcn 10: ~o snow or ice shall be
deposited upon a~y porti~ of a way open to ~ubltc travel f~
the safe maintenance of which the ~own is reepcusible, except to
Town employees acting in the proper p~formance of their duties.
~his provision shall not p~ehtbit an occupant of premises abutting
upon such a way f~om clearing snow or ice f~a a sidewalk in front
of such p~emises, or £rom that part of any dmlveway or other means
of access from such ~r cruises to the way, provided that such clea~tng
does not result in a narrowing of the travelled porti~ of the way
as defined by prior snow ~emoval procedures performed by Town
employees,
VOTED under A~ticle 29 of our 1970 Annual Town Meeting to amend
its ~eneral By-Laws by striking out Sections I and 6 of A~ticle III,
and to renumber the remaining sections el~ said A~ticle accordingly.
¥0~ED under Article ~ of our special Town Meeting of June 15, 1~?0
that Section 12A of Article IV of the ~own's General ~-Lawa be
amended to read as follows~ ~eetien 12A. There is hereby eatablis~ed
an unpaid committee to be known as the Oapital Budget Ccmmlttse. com-
posed of cue member of the Advisory Oommittee appointe~ by and from
it, one member of the Planning Board appointed by and fro~ it, the
Town Accountant, ex officio, and four additional me_mbers to be appoint-
ed by the Selectmen. The members from the Advisory Committee and the
Planning Board shall be appointed for cue year te~ms. The other
members shall originally be appointed for terms of one, two, three and
four years, and the~eafteP for fou.~ year te~ma, The terms of appoint-
ive members shall expire on March ~1 of the appropriate yearn. Vacam-
ties shall be filled for the unexpired terms and in the manner of the
original appointments. The committee shall annually prepare a Capital
Budget~rogram for use by the Advisory Committe, the Planning Board~
the voters and ether Town Board and officials in their deliberations.
The Committee shall publish such roper or a summary ~hereof in a
suitable manner, deposit the original with the Town Clerk and present
it to e-~b Annual Town Meeting for its action.
A ~x'ue Qop2~